Evolución costera de la desembocadura del Guadalquivir en los últimos 6000 años (SW de España)

3 páginas, 2 figuras, 5 referencias.Since the last Holocene sea level rise, about 6,900 yr BP, a series of depositional littoral landforms has been generated at the outlet of the Guadalquivir river, with progradation along the predominant longshore drift (towards the east). The littoral spit systems mapped constitute fur progradation phases. The first is dated between the Flandrian maximum (6,900 yr BP) and 4,500 yr BP; the second between 4,200-3,900 yr BP and 2,700-2,600 yr BP; the third between 2,300 yr BP and 1,100 yr BP; and the fourth between 1,000 yr BP and the present. There were separations of successive erosional phases between 4,500-4,200 yr BP, 2,600-2,300 yr BP and, 1,100-1,000 yr BP. Thus, cycles of higher sedimentation are established, with a slight fall and then stability of sea level. Littoral barrier constructions dominate, with the genesis of extensive tidal flats that decrease the size of the estuaries. These sedimentary phases are interrupted by rapid rises in sea level lasting from 100 to 300 years, when the previously constructed littoral barriers are eroded. The cliffs retreat, causing migration inland of dunar constructions, with frequent overlapping layers. Marine influence within the estuaries in creases.Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por los proyectos coordinados de la DGICYT PB91-0622-C03-0 1 y PB94-1090-C03-0l. Es una contribución al IGCP-367.Peer reviewe

Exploring the role of respiratory microbiome in lung cancer: A systematic review

Giving the potential contribute in cancer initiation and progression, lung microbiota represents a promising topic in cancer research, although still unexplored. We performed a systematic literature search to identify clinical studies evaluating lung microbiota composition, its correlation with lung cancer patients’ clinico-pathological features and prognosis. Of the identified 370 studies, 21 were eligible and included. Although studies were heterogeneous, lung cancer resulted to be enriched in peculiar microbial communities, with differences in composition and diversity according to clinico-pathological parameters. Few studies explored how lung microbiota influences cancer outcome. In light of these findings and borrowing the suggestions coming from gut microbiota, we speculate that respiratory microbiome may influence pathogenesis, progression and outcome of lung cancer. Taking advantage of the experience of chronical lung diseases, prospective studies should be designed to evaluate lung microbiota changes throughout any phase of lung cancer course, particularly with the advent of immunotherapy as pivotal treatment

Lipoxin A4 and interleukin-8 levels in cystic fibrosis sputum after antibiotherapy

AbstractAntibiotics are largely prescribed for cystic fibrosis (CF) respiratory exacerbations. Effects of antibiotics on the inflammatory profile of the patients have been shown but remain controversial. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a lipid mediator, reported to play a central role in resolving airway inflammation. The aim of the study was to investigate the consequences of antibiotherapy on LXA4 and IL-8 levels in CF patients' airways.MethodsEighteen CF patients (7 females, median age 20, range 8 to 47 years) consecutively admitted at the CF center of Montpellier for antibiotics during pulmonary exacerbation, were enrolled. Before and after antibiotics, all patients underwent spirometry (FEV1 and FVC), bacterial cultures and cell counts in sputa. IL-8 and LXA4 concentrations were determined in sputum samples by the median of immunometric assays.ResultsAs previously reported, after antibiotics therapy, FEV1 and FVC significantly improved. While neutrophil cell counts and IL-8 levels decreased, the LXA4 levels significantly increased after antibiotics therapy and were inversely correlated with IL-8 levels.In conclusion, we reported a correlation between antibiotics treatments and inflammatory markers in CF sputum. Our data provide evidences for a novel effect of antibiotics increasing the concentration of the anti-inflammatory lipid mediator LXA4

Evolución de la costa atlántica onubense (SO España) desde el máximo flandriense a la actualidad

El máximo transgresivo holoceno, datado sobre los 6.900 años BP, dió lugar inicia Imente, en este sector de la costa suratlántica ibérica, a una costa recortada con amplios entrantes estuarinos y prominentes salientes continentales. Estas áreas estuarinas van a ser las correspondientes a los tramos bajos de las principales vías fluviales (Guadiana, Piedras, Tinto-Odiel y Guadalquivir). La relativa estabilidad del nivel del mar, que llega hasta nuestros días, ha favorecido la regularización del perfil costero, con retroceso de los salientes continentales y génesis de acantilados. En las áreas estuarinas se han desarrollado formas acu m ulativas litorales que progradaron en el sentido de la corriente de deriva dominante (hacia el este) . Dado que en la desembocadura del Guadalquivir es donde se presentan las formaciones sedimentarias más extensas y mejor conservadas, es aquí donde podemos establecer con mayor exactitud cronológica los diferentes ciclos holocenos de progradación y retrog radación, corroborándose geomorfológicamente en los otros estuarios. Gracias fundamentalmente a la cartografía geomorfológica realizada, dataciones de 14C y evidencias arqueológicas, se establecen para este sector costero una serie de fases progradantes. La primera de ellas debió producirse hace 6.900-4.500 años BP, aunque no existen aún datos fiables. La segunda fase entre los 4.200-2.600 años BP, la tercera entre los 2.300-1.100 años BP y la cuarta, y última, entre los 1.000 años BP y la actualidad . Estas fases progradantes se encuentran separadas por otras erosivas, entre 4.500-4.200 años 8P, 2.600-2.300 años 8P y 1.100-1.000 años 8P. Se establece una velocidad de progradación para la flecha litoral de Doñana de 2-4 mIaño para los últimos 1.800 años.The maximum Holocene Transgression, dated as around 6,900 years SP, gave rise initially, in this area of the Iberian south Atlantic coas!, to an irregular coastline with wide inlets (estuaries) and prominent continental capes. These estuarine areas would become the lower stretches of the main fluvial systems (Guadiana, Piedras, Tinto-Odiel and Guadalqu·lvir). The relative stability of the sea level (which continues today) has aided the straightening out of the coastline, with retreat of the continental promontories and the formation of cliffs. Littoral accumulative landforms have developed in the estuarine areas, prograding in the direction of the prevailing drift current (eastwards). Since the Guadalquivir mouth shows the most extensive and best conserved sedimentary formations, we can establish there with the greatest chronological accuracy the different Holocene cycles of progradation and retrogradation, with geomorphological corroboration from the other estuaries. Thanks basically to geomorphological mapping, "C dating, and archaeological evidences, a series of prograding phases can be established for this coastal area . The first of these must have taken place 6,900-4,500 years BP, although there are not yet reliable data. The second phase was between 4,200 and 2,600 years BP, the third between 2,300 and 1,100 years BP, and the fourth - and last - between 1,000 and the presento There were separations of successive erosional phases between 4,500-4,200 years BP, 2,600-2,300 years BP, and 1,100-1,000 years BP A progradation rate of 2-4 m/yr for the last 1,800 years has been establ ished for the littoral spit of Donaña. In the prograding phases, sea level was stable or decreased slightly, with domination of the fluvial medium and greater filling with sediments, so restricting estuarine geometry. During the retrograding phases, sea level increased slightly, implying marine domination in the estuary, and greater erosive activity on the cliffs