Efficient Density Matrix Renormalization Group algorithm to study Y-Junctions with integer and half-integer spin

An efficient density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm is presented and applied to Y-junctions, systems with three arms of $n$ sites that meet at a central site. The accuracy is comparable to DMRG of chains. As in chains, new sites are always bonded to the most recently added sites and the superblock Hamiltonian contains only new or once renormalized operators. Junctions of up to $N = 3n + 1 \approx 500$ sites are studied with antiferromagnetic (AF) Heisenberg exchange $J$ between nearest-neighbor spins $S$ or electron transfer $t$ between nearest neighbors in half-filled Hubbard models. Exchange or electron transfer is exclusively between sites in two sublattices with $N_A \ne N_B$. The ground state (GS) and spin densities $\rho_r =$ at site $r$ are quite different for junctions with $S$ = 1/2, 1, 3/2 and 2. The GS has finite total spin $S_G = 2S (S)$ for even (odd) $N$ and for $M_G =S_G$ in the $S_G$ spin manifold, $\rho_r > 0 (< 0)$ at sites of the larger (smaller) sublattice. $S$ = 1/2 junctions have delocalized states and decreasing spin densities with increasing $N$. $S$ = 1 junctions have four localized $S_z = 1/2$ states at the end of each arm and centered on the junction, consistent with localized states in $S$ = 1 chains with finite Haldane gap. The GS of $S$ = 3/2 or 2 junctions of up to 500 spins is a spin density wave (SDW) with increased amplitude at the ends of arms or near the junction. Quantum fluctuations completely suppress AF order in $S$ = 1/2 or 1 junctions, as well as in half-filled Hubbard junctions, but reduce rather than suppress AF order in $S$ = 3/2 or 2 junctions.Comment: 11 pages, 11 Figures and submitted to PR

Can education be a path to gender equality in the labour market? An update on Pakistan

This paper investigates some of the economic outcomes of education in Pakistan with a view to understanding if education can act as a vehicle for labour market success. Data from a purpose-designed survey of more than 1000 households in Pakistan are utilised. Earnings functions are estimated for agricultural workers, the self employed and wage earners to estimate the returns to the ‘quantity’ and the ‘quality’ of schooling in different occupations, by gender. The paper also estimates the returns to knowing ‘English’ in the Pakistani labour market separately for men and women

A Radiation Hardened by Design CMOS ASIC for Thermopile Readouts

A radiation hardened by design (RHBD) mixed-signal application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) has been designed for a thermopile readout for operation in the harsh Jovian orbital environment. The multi-channel digitizer (MCD) ASIC includes 18 low noise amplifier channels which have tunable gain/filtering coefficients, a 16-bit sigma-delta analog-digital converter (SDADC) and an on-chip controller. The 18 channels, SDADC and controller were designed to operate with immunity to single event latchup (SEL) and to at least 10 Mrad total ionizing dose (TID). The ASIC also contains a radiation tolerant 16-bit 20 MHz Nyquist ADC for general purpose instrumentation digitizer needs. The ASIC is currently undergoing fabrication in a commercial 180 nm CMOS process. Although this ASIC was designed specifically for the harsh radiation environment of the NASA led JEO mission it is suitable for integration into instrumentation payloads 011 the ESA JUICE mission where the radiation hardness requirements are slightly less stringent

Anger and Interpersonal Relationships: Social Life in Adolescence

Around 1.6 million people across the world die due to violent and anger related acts according to World Health Organization (WHO). One out of five people have problems in their interpersonal relationships due to their anger feelings and expressions. Thus it can be stated that anger control and management is required for the improvisation of relations and life in general. The present study investigates the relationship of anger and interpersonal relationships. Moreover it looks into the gender differences on anger and interpersonal relations. Samples of 200 adolescents (100 male and 100 female students of preparatory year program) were selected from King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. The age range of the participants was 16 to 19 years. Aggression Questionnaire (ASQ) (Arnold Buss and Mark Perry, 1992) and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (Cohen, Mermestein, &amp; Kmarck, 1985) were used to measure anger and interpersonal relationship respectively.  Correlation analysis revealed that there is a negative relationship between anger and interpersonal relationship. T-test results indicate that males exhibit more anger and anger related behaviors than females. No significant gender differences were found on interpersonal relationships. Implications for the improvement of educational and counseling programs for the management and control of anger among the adolescents are also discussed

PHARMACIST INTERVENTION AND PREPARATION OF MANUAL IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF DRUGS THROUGH ENTERAL FEEDING TUBE

Objective: To monitor errors in current practice and prepare a manual for proper drug administration through the enteral feeding tube.Methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 mo in eight departments. The current drug administrations were monitored and checked for the errors which include crushed non crushable solid dosage forms, each drug is not prepared separately, incorrect solution used for dilution, drugs mixed with feeding formula, each drug is not administered separately, not flushed before administration of each drug, not flushed after administration of each drug and others (tablets are not crushed with proper device, motors and pestles are not cleaned frequently, spillage during crushing). Using the data, a manual was prepared and submitted to the physicians of each department.Results: The most prominent error was found to be that the drugs were not prepared and administered separately, tube not flushed before drug administration. Uses of noncrushable tablets were high in neurology. Pantoprazole (enteric coated) and prazosin (modified release) tablets were the most commonly used noncrushable drugs.Conclusion: The study observed the need for developing a standard protocol for drug administration through enteral feeding tube by the pharmacist along with the physician, nursing team to improve the quality of enteral therapy

Inadvertent iatrogenic gluing of the eyelids—Learning points for practice

Digitalitzat per Artypla

Seasonal variation of urban heat island and its impact on air-quality using SAFAR observations at Delhi, India

This paper discussed the urban heat island (UHI) intensity and local air quality by using observational data of project of the System of Air Quality Forecasting and Research (SAFAR) over Delhi during the month of May and December 2013. It is found that UHI magnitudes ~2.2°C and ~1.5°C are formed at the evening traffic hours during May and December respectively. Also, intensity of UHI < 0°C over daytime is referred as Urban Cool Island (UCI) during May and December. The diurnal PM2.5 concentration shows a bimodal pattern with peaks at morning and evening traffic hours during May and December. The planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) values show higher in magnitude during the daytime and lower in magnitude during the night-time. Whereas, the Ground Heat Flux values are lower during the daytime and higher during the night-time. The wind speed shows lower values during the UHI and higher magnitudes during the UCI formation hours. Concentration of PM2.5 and wind speed shows a strong negative correlation during May (r = -0.56, p = 0.002) and December (r = -0.57, p = 0.001) at C V Raman (CVR) site, however, high values in the concentration of PM2.5 during the low wind speed favour the condition for the formation of UCI. The regression analysis indicated that PM2.5 plays a significant role in the daytime cooling and nighttime warming over the urban areas during the low wind speed condition