229 research outputs found
QCD thermodynamics and magnetization in nonzero magnetic field
In nonzero magnetic field, the magnetic properties and thermodynamics of the
quantum-chromodynamic (QCD) matter is studied in the hadron resonance gas and
the Polyakov linear-sigma models and compared with recent lattice calculations.
Both models are fairly suited to describe the degrees of freedom in the
hadronic phase. The partonic ones are only accessible by the second model. It
is found that the QCD matter has paramagnetic properties, which monotonically
depend on the temperature and are not affected by the hadron-quark
phase-transition. Furthermore, raising the magnetic field strength increases
the thermodynamic quantities, especially in the hadronic phase but reduces the
critical temperature, i.e. inverse magnetic catalysis.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures accepted for publication in AHE
On dynamical net-charge fluctuations within a hadron resonance gas approach
The dynamical net-charge fluctuations () in different particle
ratios , , and are calculated from the hadron resonance
gas (HRG) model and compared with STAR central Au+Au collisions at
GeV and NA49 central Pb+Pb collisions at
GeV. The three charged-particle ratios (,
, and ) are determined as total and average of opposite and
average of same charges. We find an excellent agreement between the HRG
calculations and the experimental measurements, especially from STAR beam
energy scan (BES) program, while the strange particles in the NA49 experiment
at lower Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) energies are not reproduced by the HRG
approach. We conclude that the utilized HRG version seems to take into
consideration various types of correlations including strong interactions
through the heavy resonances and their decays especially at BES energies.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Advances in High
Energy Physic
Controlling the quantum computational speed
The speed of quantum computation is investigated through the time evolution
of the speed of the orthogonality. The external field components for classical
treatment beside the detuning and the coupling parameters for quantum treatment
play important roles on the computational speed. It has been shown that the
number of photons has no significant effect on the speed of computation.
However, it is very sensitive to the variation in both detuning and the
interaction coupling parameters.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure
Particle production and chemical freezeout from the hybrid UrQMD approach at NICA energies
The energy dependence of various particle ratios is calculated within the
Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics approach and compared with the
hadron resonance gas (HRG) model and measurements from various experiments,
including RHIC-BES, SPS and AGS. It is found that the UrQMD particle ratios
agree well with the experimental results at the RHIC-BES energies. Thus, we
have utilized UrQMD in simulating particle ratios at other beam energies down
to 3 GeV, which will be accessed at NICA and FAIR future facilities. We observe
that the particle ratios for crossover and first-order phase transition,
implemented in the hybrid UrQMD v3.4, are nearly indistinguishable, especially
at low energies (at large baryon chemical potentials or high density).Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, one reference is added and one
paragraph is rephrased. To appear in EPJ
Susceptibility of certain wheat varieties to the infestation by Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Tribolium confusum (du Val)
Eight Egyptian flour wheat varieties were assessed in order to determine their appropriate level of susceptibility to Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Tribolium confusum (du Val). Free choice test for attraction insect adults was used in the first experiment at time interval ranged from 0.125 to 5 days post infestation. At days, results showed that the lowest attracted numbers of R. dominica adults were 5.00 and the highest ones were 22.67 for SAKL8 and SIDS1 varieties, respectively. The varieties can be arranged descendently according to the attracted numbers of R. dominica as follow: SAKL8, SAKL1, BACANORA, DEBEIRA, , GIZA168, GIZA164, SIDS6 and SIDS1. The descending order results were obtained for T. confusum could be the similar. Statistical analysis demoed significant differences between the numbers of the eight varieties. In the second experiment, the numbers of F1 and the duration of offspring of each stage were determined. Based on the Dobie Index (D.I.) for R. dominica, SAKL8, DEBEIRA, BACANORA and SAKL1 were found to be resistant varieties. While the SIDS1 and SIDS6 varieties have a moderate resistant. In the case of T. confusum all varieties showed a degree of resistance, except SAKL8 and SIDS1showed a moderate resistant. The BACANORA cultivar showed the lowest D.I. value in the two tested insect species. The obtained results can give a better understanding to the stored-grain managers regarding to the prospective differences in wheat susceptibility to R. dominica and T. confusum infestation
Chemical Profile of Cyperus laevigatus and Its Protective Effects against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats
Cyperus species represent a group of cosmopolitan plants used in folk medicine to treat several diseases. In the current study, the phytochemical profile of Cyperus laevigatus ethanolic extract (CLEE) was assessed using UPLC-QTOF–MS/MS. The protective effect of CLEE at 50 and 100 mg /kg body weight (b.w.) was evaluated on hepatorenal injuries induced by thioacetamide (100 mg/kg) via investigation of the extract’s effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. UPLC-QTOF–MS/MS analysis of CLEE resulted in the identification of 94 compounds, including organic and phenolic acids, flavones, aurones, and fatty acids. CLEE improved the antioxidant status in the liver and kidney, as manifested by enhancement of reduced glutathione (GSH) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), in addition to the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Moreover, CLEE positively affected oxidative stress parameters in plasma and thwarted the depletion of hepatorenal ATP content by thioacetamide (TAA). Furthermore, treatment of rats with CLEE alleviated the significant increase in plasma liver enzymes, kidney function parameters, and inflammatory markers. The protective effect of CLEE was confirmed by a histopathological study of the liver and kidney. Our results proposed that CLEE may reduce TAA-hepatorenal toxicity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties suppressing oxidative stress
Quantum Entanglement in Second-quantized Condensed Matter Systems
The entanglement between occupation-numbers of different single particle
basis states depends on coupling between different single particle basis states
in the second-quantized Hamiltonian. Thus in principle, interaction is not
necessary for occupation-number entanglement to appear. However, in order to
characterize quantum correlation caused by interaction, we use the eigenstates
of the single-particle Hamiltonian as the single particle basis upon which the
occupation-number entanglement is defined. Using the proper single particle
basis, we discuss occupation-number entanglement in important eigenstates,
especially ground states, of systems of many identical particles. The
discussions on Fermi systems start with Fermi gas, Hatree-Fock approximation,
and the electron-hole entanglement in excitations. The entanglement in a
quantum Hall state is quantified as -fln f-(1-f)ln(1-f), where f is the proper
fractional part of the filling factor. For BCS superconductivity, the
entanglement is a function of the relative momentum wavefunction of the Cooper
pair, and is thus directly related to the superconducting energy gap. For a
spinless Bose system, entanglement does not appear in the
Hatree-Gross-Pitaevskii approximation, but becomes important in the Bogoliubov
theory.Comment: 11 pages. Journal versio
Lattice models and Landau theory for type II incommensurate crystals
Ground state properties and phonon dispersion curves of a classical linear
chain model describing a crystal with an incommensurate phase are studied. This
model is the DIFFOUR (discrete frustrated phi4) model with an extra
fourth-order term added to it. The incommensurability in these models may arise
if there is frustration between nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor
interactions. We discuss the effect of the additional term on the phonon
branches and phase diagram of the DIFFOUR model. We find some features not
present in the DIFFOUR model such as the renormalization of the
nearest-neighbor coupling. Furthermore the ratio between the slopes of the soft
phonon mode in the ferroelectric and paraelectric phase can take on values
different from -2. Temperature dependences of the parameters in the model are
different above and below the paraelectric transition, in contrast with the
assumptions made in Landau theory. In the continuum limit this model reduces to
the Landau free energy expansion for type II incommensurate crystals and it can
be seen as the lowest-order generalization of the simplest Lifshitz-point
model. Part of the numerical calculations have been done by an adaption of the
Effective Potential Method, orginally used for models with nearest-neighbor
interaction, to models with also next-nearest-neighbor interactions.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures, RevTex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Screening of a PDE-focused library identifies imidazoles with in vitro and in vivo antischistosomal activity
We report the evaluation of 265 compounds from a PDE-focused library for their antischistosomal activity, assessed in vitro using Schistosoma mansoni. Of the tested compounds, 171 (64%) displayed selective in vitro activity, with 16 causing worm hypermotility/spastic contractions and 41 inducing various degrees of worm killing at 100 μM, with the surviving worms displaying sluggish movement, worm unpairing and complete absence of eggs. The compounds that did not affect worm viability (n = 72) induced a complete cessation of ovipositing. 82% of the compounds had an impact on male worms whereas female worms were barely affected. In vivo evaluation in S. mansoni-infected mice with the in vitro ‘hit’ NPD-0274 at 20 mg/kg/day orally for 5 days resulted in worm burden reductions of 29% and intestinal tissue egg load reduction of 35% at 10 days post-treatment. Combination of praziquantel (PZQ) at 10 mg/kg/day for 5 days with NPD-0274 or NPD-0298 resulted in significantly higher worm killing than PZQ alone, as well as a reduction in intestinal tissue egg load, disappearance of immature eggs and an increase in the number of dead eggs
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