149 research outputs found
2-(1H-Benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylethanone
In the molecule of the title compound, C15H12N2O, the planar benzimidazole system is oriented at a dihedral angle of 80.43 (5)° with respect to the phenyl ring. In the crystal structure, non-classical intermolecular C—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into layers parallel to the ab plane
1-[2-(4-Fluorobenzyloxy)-2-phenylethyl]-1H-benzimidazole
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C22H19FN2O, contains two independent molecules. The planar benzimidazole ring systems are oriented with respect to the phenyl/fluorobenzene rings at dihedral angles of 31.10 (4)/45.17 (5) and 45.52 (5)/68.63 (5)°, respectively, for the two molecules. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯N and intermolecular C—H⋯N and C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds link the molecules into a three-dimensional network. There are C—H⋯π contacts between the benzimidazole and fluorobenzene rings and a π–π contact between the benzimidazole and phenyl ring systems [centroid–centroid distance = 4.575 (1) Å]
1-{2-Phenyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyloxy]ethyl}-1H-benzimidazole
The asymmetric unit of the crystal structure of the title compound, C23H19F3N2O, contains two independent molecules. In the two molecules the planar benzimidazole ring systems are oriented with respect to the phenyl/trifluoromethylbenzene rings at dihedral angles of 9.62 (6)/78.63 (7) and 2.53 (8)/83.83 (9)°. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the molecules into R
2
2(6) dimers. The molecules are elongated along [001] and stacked along the b axis
1-[2-(3,4-Dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-phenylethyl]-1H-benzimidazole
In the molecule of the title compound, C22H18Cl2N2O, the planar benzimidazole ring system is oriented with respect to the phenyl and dichlorobenzene rings at dihedral angles of 12.73 (3) and 36.57 (4)°, respectively. The dihedral angle between the dichlorobenzene and phenyl rings is 29.95 (6)°. There are C—H⋯π contacts between the benzimidazole and dichlorobenzene rings, between the benzimidazole and phenyl rings, and between a methylene group and the dichlorobenzene ring
Association of hypermobility and ingrown nails
Ingrown nail (onychocryptosis) is a common condition
with severe pain and various associated morbidities.
Although some underlying factors are identified, its etiology
remains largely unknown. Generalized joint hypermobility
(GJH) is a common entity with clinical features that might
prone affected individuals to ingrown nails. Herein, we investigated
the incidence of GJH in patients with ingrown nails to
determine possible association between hypermobility and
ingrown nail formation. Patients 16–50 years of age who were
undergoing treatment for ingrown nails at the dermatology
clinic were consecutively enrolled into the study. Patients with
known rheumatic diseases or orthopedic foot disorders were
excluded. All patients were in a pain-free period at the time of
examination. The control group was comprised of age- and
sex-matched healthy subjects without a history of ingrown
nail. Assessment of GJH was made according to Beighton
criteria. Local hypermobility was evaluated by measurement
of range of motion using a goniometer. Thirty-nine patients
(male/female, 17/22, mean age 31.9±11.3 years) and 32
healthy subjects (male/female 12/20, mean age 31.7±
10.4 years) were included. Patients with ingrown toe nails
were more likely to have GJH compared to healthy subjects
(35.9 vs. 9.4 %, p00.009). Toes with ingrown nails had
significantly smaller maximum dorsiflexion angles (p<
0.001) compared to toes of healthy subjects. Ingrown nail formation may be associated with GJH. However, when examined
locally, there is a limited range of motion in the
affected toe rather than hypermobility, which could be due
to the degenerative process facilitated by the hypermobility
2-(1H-Benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-(2-furyl)ethanone O-ethyloxime
In the molecule of the title compound, C15H15N3O2, the planar benzimidazole ring system [maximum deviation = 0.023 (2) Å] is oriented at a dihedral angle of 74.21 (5)° with respect to the furan ring. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯N interactions link the molecules into centrosymmetric R
2
2(18) dimers. In addition, the structure is stabilized by π–π contacts between parallel imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.726 (1) Å] and a weak C—H⋯π interaction
2-(1H-Benzimidazol-1-yl)-1-(2-furyl)ethanone O-propyloxime
In the molecule of the title compound, C16H17N3O2, the planar benzimidazole ring system [maximum deviation = 0.013 (1) Å] is oriented at a dihedral angle of 75.32 (4)° with respect to the furan ring. An intramolecular C—H⋯O interaction results in the formation of a planar six-membered ring [maximum deviation = 0.019 (15) Å], which is oriented at a dihedral angle of 1.91 (3)° with respect to the adjacent furan ring. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯N interactions link the molecules into centrosymmetric R
2
2(18) dimers. In addition, the structure is stabilized by π–π contacts between the imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5307 (8) Å] and weak C—H⋯π interactions
1-[2-(2,6-Dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2-furyl)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazole
In the molecule of the title compound, C20H16Cl2N2O2, the planar benzimidazole ring system is oriented with respect to the furan and dichlorobenzene rings at dihedral angles of 53.39 (6) and 31.04 (5)°, respectively. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the molecules into centrosymmetric R
2
2(8) dimers. These dimers are connected via a C—H⋯π contact between the benzimidazole and the furan rings, and π–π contacts between the benzimidazole and dichlorobenzene ring systems [centroid–centroid distances = 3.505 (1), 3.567 (1), 3.505 (1) and 3.567 (1) Å]
Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy
The negative effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are known. For these reasons, we aimed to investigate the effect of COPD on the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DRP) in patients with DM. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included one-hundred and fifty-six eyes of 156 patients with COPD and DM. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the independent relationships between DRP and COPD, including adjusting for patients’ characteristics. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, patients with low-level COPD were found to have less PDR and severe PDR. (RRR 0.01 95% CI 0.01-0.03, RRR 0.01 95% CI 0.01-0.08, respectively). Conclusion: The findings suggest an increased risk of DRP severity in patients with severe COPD. Ophthalmologists following these patients should consider the relationship between COPD and DRP
Alopesi areata, vitiligo ve sağlıklı kontrollerde otolog serum deri testi pozitifliği
Background and Design: Autologous serum skin test (ASST), the best in-vivo test displaying in vitro basophil histamin releasing activity, is used
in the diagnosis of chronic autoimmune urticaria. Besides, it is cheap and is easy to perform. It has been found that in ASST-positive chronic
urticaria patients, autoimmune thyroid disease especially and other autoimmune diseases were more common and the level of autoimmune
markers were higher compared to others. Autoimmunity is accused in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata and vitiligo. In this study, we
assessed ASST results in healthy controls and those with autoimmune diseases, and aimed to explore the effects of thyroid autoantibodies
and other factors in ASST positivity.
Materials and Methods: ASST was administered to 51 patients with alopecia areata, 53 patients with vitiligo and 51 healthy controls, and
thyroid function tests and thyroid autoantibodies (anti-Tg, anti-TPO) were assessed.
Results: ASST was positive in 64.7% of patients with in alopecia areata, 64.2% of those with vitiligo and in 45.1% of controls. There was no
statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of ASST positivity. We observed that ASST positivity had no relationship with
age, anti-Tg, anti-TPO and the presence of one or both autoantibody positivity. It was seen that the frequency of ASST positivity was higher in
females than in men in all groups, but it was statistically significant in alopecia areata group only. Among the all study groups, the frequency
of ASST positivity was statistically significantly higher in females than in men.Conclusion: The high rates of ASST positivity in individuals with alopecia areata and vitiligo as well as in healthy control, indicate that ASST positivity does not solely
exist in chronic urticaria patients. With logical regression analysis, it was shown that, having alopecia areata and being female significantly increase the risk of having
ASST positivity. Therefore, we assume that ASST positivity might indicate the autoimmune etiology for alopecia areata and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in
female gender
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