Analysis of Clinical Relationship of Visual Acuity With Optical Coherence Tomography and Perimetry Parameters in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

DergiPark: 963039tmsjAims: This study aims to analyze the clinical relationship of visual acuity with optical coherence tomography and perimetry in primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with patients who were diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma in the ophthalmology department of Trakya University School of Medicine between January 2010 and January 2021. Perimetric data of patients such as visual field index, mean defect, pattern standard deviation, short-term fluctuation, corrected pattern standard deviation; results of optical coherence tomography such as average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, average C/D ratio, and thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer quadrants, and records of examinational findings were statistically tested to evaluate the statistical relationship. Numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used as the descriptive statistics. Results: Initially 80 eyes of 49 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma met the inclusion criteria. 22 patients were female and 27 patients were male. Thinner mean retinal nerve fiber layer, inferior and superior quadrants were observed in eyes with lower visual acuity. It was observed that eyes with lower visual acuity had a worse visual field index and mean defect. Conclusion: In tertiary clinics that receive various numbers of patient referrals, perimetry can be seen as more useful and accurate in primary open-angle glaucoma detection and monitoring. It provides us with better and more accurate results for glaucoma management in the later stages. It is recommended that both optical coherence tomography and perimetry be used for disease monitoring, as this allows doctors to better monitor disease progression. In addition, since optical coherence tomography is an objective test and is less likely to require a patient response, it should be kept in mind that advanced and severe glaucoma may occur when performing perimetry, especially in patients with poor cooperation

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Affetme Eğilimlerinin Yordayıcısı Olarak Olumsuz Duygudurumu Düzenleme ve Kişisel Kararsızlık

Bu araştırma ile üniversite öğrencilerinin kişisel kararsızlık ile olumsuz duygudurumu düzenlemenin alt boyutları olan olumsuz duygudan uzaklaşma, aktif çaba, yüzleşme ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin affetme düzeylerini anlamlı biçimde yordayıp yordamadığını incelemek hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu üniversiteye devam 828 fakülte öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Veriler Heartland Affetme Ölçeği, Olumsuz Duygudurumu Düzenleme Ölçeği, Kişisel Kararsızlık Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde adımsal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre üniversite öğrencilerinin olumsuz duygudan uzaklaşma düzeylerinin affetme eğilimlerinin %29’unu açıklama gücüne sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Modele kişisel kararsızlık değişkeni eklendiğinde kişisel kararsızlığın varyansın açıklanmasına %2’lik katkıda bulunduğu, olumsuz duygudan uzaklaşma ve kişisel kararsızlık düzeylerinin birlikte affetmenin %31’ini açıklama gücüne sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Son aşamada aktif çabanın da affetme eğiliminin açıklanmasına %2’lik katkıda bulunarak bu üç değişkenin birlikte affetme eğilimindeki varyansın %33’ünü açıklama gücüne sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bulgular olumsuz duygudan uzaklaşma ve aktif çaba değişkenlerinin pozitif, kişisel kararsızlığın ise negatif yordayıcı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur

Parameters causing difference in refractive error between the two eyes in cases with anisometropic amblyopia

Amaç: Anizometropik ambliyopi olgularının, ambliyop olan ve olmayan gözlerine ait refraktif, biyometrik ve topografik parametreleri karşılaştırılarak, anizometropi oluşumunda etkili olanlar tanımlanmaya çalışıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Altmış altı anizometropik ambliyopi olgunun (26 erkek, 40 kadın; ort. yaş 19.4±10.1; dağılım 7-47) 132 gözü çalışmaya alınarak, olgular prospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Olguların tümünün öncelikle otomatik refraktometre ile refraktif durumları objektif olarak saptanarak, Snellen eşeli ile düzeltilmemiş ve düzeltilmiş görme keskinlikleri ölçüldü. Kornea topografisi ile korneaya ait parametreler ve A Scan ultrasonografi ile ön-arka eksen uzunlu ğu elde edildi. Anizohipermetrop ve anizomiyop olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılan olguların ambliyop olan ve olmayan gözlerine ait parametreler karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Yapılan istatistiksel değerlendirmede anizohipermetrop ambliyopi olgularında; sferik değer, sferik eşdeğer, ön-arka eksen uzunluğu, total kornea astigmatizması, 3 mm alanda ve 5 mm alanda astigmatizma değerlerinin iki göz arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde farklı olduğu görüldü. Anizomiyoplarda ise, olguların gözleri arasında sferik eşdeğer, silindirik değer, 3 mm alanda ve 5 mm alanda astigmatizma değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede farklıydı. Sonuç: Bulgularımız, anizohipermetropik ambliyopi olgularında refraktif kusur farkından, ön-arka eksen uzunluğu ve/veya kornea astigmatizmasının; anizomiyop ambliyoplarda ise sadece kornea astigmatizmasının sorumlu olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.Objectives: Refractive, biometric and topographic parameters of cases of anisometropic amblyopia with and without amblyopia were compared in an attempt to identify the parameters affecting the development of anisometropy. Patients and Methods: 132 eyes from 66 cases with anisometropic amblyopia (26 males, 40 females; mean age 19.4±10.1; range 7-47) were evaluated prospectively. First, the refractive status of all cases was determined by automatic refractometer and the visual acuities with and without correction were determined by the Snellen chart. The cases were classified into two groups, as having anisohypermetropia and anisomyopia, following determination of the corneal parameters with corneal topography and axial length with the A Scan ultrasonography, and the parameters of the eyes with and without ambliyopia were compared. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two eyes of the cases with anisohypermetropic ambliyopia in terms of spherical value, spherical equivalent, anterior-posterior axial length, vitreous length, total corneal astigmatism, corneal astigmatism in the 3 mm and 5 mm area. Patients with anisomyopia had statistically significant differences between the two eyes in terms of spherical equivalence, cylindrical value, vitreous length, corneal astigmatism in the 3 mm and 5 m area. Conclusion: While axial length and/or corneal astigmatism were responsible for refractive error in cases with anisohypermetropic ambliyopia, only corneal astigmatism was observed to be responsible in cases with anisomyopic amblyopia

A potential area of use for immune checkpoint inhibitors: Targeting bone marrow microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises from the cells of myeloid lineage and is the most frequent leukemia type in adulthood accounting for about 80% of all cases. The most common treatment strategy for the treatment of AML includes chemotherapy, in rare cases radiotherapy and stem cell and bone marrow transplantation are considered. Immune checkpoint proteins involve in the negative regulation of immune cells, leading to an escape from immune surveillance, in turn, causing failure of tumor cell elimination. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target the negative regulation of the immune cells and support the immune system in terms of anti-tumor immunity. Bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) bears various blood cell lineages and the interactions between these lineages and the noncellular components of BMM are considered important for AML development and progression. Administration of ICIs for the AML treatment may be a promising option by regulating BMM. In this review, we summarize the current treatment options in AML treatment and discuss the possible application of ICIs in AML treatment from the perspective of the regulation of BMM

Evaluation of Parameters Affecting Measurement Quality of Dynamic Contour Tonometry

Objective: To evaluate factors affecting measurement quality of dynamic contour tonometry (DCT).Material and Methods: Three hundred patients took part in this prospective clinical study. For each patient, measurements for one eye were included in the study. Of the participants, 116 had ocular hypertension, 114 had glaucoma, and 70 had normal eyes. We used automatic refractokeratometry, ultrasonic pachimetry, Goldmann applanation tonometry, and DCT measurements to investigate the effects of age, corneal astigmatism, refractive error, central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressures (IOP), and ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) on DCT measurement quality (Q). Logistic regression analysis was used for statistical analysis.Results: For 159 patients, the DCT Q score was 1 (group 1). For the remaining 141 patients, the Q score was 2–3 (group 2). The following values were determined for the two groups, respectively: mean age 58.9±9.9 and 61.4±10.6; mean corneal astigmatisms −0.78±0.67 and −0.92±0.77 diopter; mean spherical equivalents 0.33±1.87 and −0.01±2.02 diopter; mean CCT 547.0±35.2 and 549±38.7 µm. Measurements with DCT provided mean IOPs of 18.5±3.70 and 21.27±6.19 mm Hg and mean OPA 3.5±1.4 and 3.2±1.2 mm Hg. By logistic regression analysis, we determined that the parameters affecting measurement quality were age, DCT measurement level, and OPA (p=0.015, p=0.000, and p=0.000, respectively).Conclusion: High IOP values, advanced age, and low OPA values can lead to decreased DCT measurement quality

Near-infrared resonant cavity enhanced silicon microsphere photodetector

Elastic scattering intensity calculations at 90 degrees and 0 degrees for the transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarized light were performed at 1200nm for a 50 mu m radius and 3.5 refractive index silicon microsphere. The mode spacing between morphology dependent resonances was found to be 1.76 nm. The linewidth of the morphology dependent resonances was observed to be 0.02 nm, which leads to a quality factor on the order of 10(4)

The influence of strain on the diffusion of Si dimers on Si(001)

The influence of lattice mismatch-induced tensile strain on the diffusion of Si dimers on Si(001) has been studied. The rate of surface diffusion of a Si dimer along the substrate dimer rows is relatively insensitive to tensile strain, whereas the rate of diffusion for a Si dimer across the substrate dimer rows is significantly enhanced. The insensitivity of the along row diffusion rate for tensile strain is attributed to the presence of a dissociative intermediate state of the ad-dimer during diffusion rather than diffusion as a solid unit