1,131 research outputs found
Vascular variations of the kidney, retrospective analysis of computed tomography images of ninety-one laparoscopic donor nephrectomies, and comparison of computed tomography images with perioperative findings
Background: In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the variations of kidney arteries and veins in kidney donor patients who underwent preoperative, computed tomography angiography (CTA).Materials and methods: We analysed kidney CTA findings of 91 donor nephrectomy patients operated from July 2016 through December 2017. Demographics, vascular diameters, abnormalities, numbers, branching variations, routing variations of arteries, and veins were assessed according to CTA images. We also compared the radiological findings with perioperative findings. Two radiologists evaluated CTA images, and the same surgical team performed all donor nephrectomies by laparoscopic approach.Results: Ninety-one of the 96 patients involved to study. Forty-six (50.5%) patients were female. Thirty-five (38.4%) of 91 cases had accessory arteries. Seven (7.6%) right, 1 (1.1%) left and 8 (8.7%) bilateral double hilar artery was observed on CTA. No statistically significant difference was observed in the evaluation of the side of accessory/polar arteries (p > 0.05), and in the evaluation of the distribution of arterial/venous variations according to perioperative findings (p > 0.05). However, in the evaluation of CTA images, we found that the diameter of the kidney artery and vein differed according to gender and side.Conclusions: The knowledge of the vascular variations of the kidney is essential for surgeons performing kidney transplantation. It is also essential for urologist and vascular surgeons. Incompatible with the literature, the right kidney has more vascular variations and, one kidney artery is found in the majority of Turkish kidneydonor patients
Star formation in the central 0.5 pc of the Milky Way
The supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Center is surrounded by
a parsec-scale star cluster, which contains a number of early type stars. The
presence of such stars has been called a "paradox of youth" as star formation
in the immediate vicinity of a supermassive black hole seemed difficult, as
well as the transport of stars from far out in a massive-star lifetime. I will
recall 30 years of technological developments which led to the current
understanding of the nuclear cluster stellar population. The number of early
type stars known at present is sufficient to access the 3D structure of this
population and its dynamics, which in turn allows discriminating between the
various possible origins proposed along the years.Comment: 8 pages, invited review for the conference "The Universe under the
Microscope" (AHAR 2008), to be published in Journal of Physics: Conference
Series by Institute of Physics Publishin
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