Scheduling with tool changes to minimize total completion time

Ankara : Department of Industrial Engineering and Institute of Engineerin and Sciences, Bilkent Univ., 1998.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 1998.Includes bibliographical references leaves 87-90.In the literature, scheduling models do not consider the unavailability of tools. The tool management literature separately considers tool loading problem when tool changes are due to part mix. However in manufacturing settings tools are changed more often due to tool wear. In this research, the problem of scheduling a set of jobs to minimize total completion time on a single CNC machine is considered where the cutting tool is subject to wear. We show that this problem is NP-hard in the strong sense. We discuss the behavior of SPT heuristic and show that its worst case performance ratio is bounded above by a constant. A pseudo-polynomial dynamic programming formulation is provided to solve the problem optimally. Furthermore, heuristic algorithms are developed including dispatching heuristics and local search algorithms. It is observed that the performance of SPT rule gets worse as the tool change time increases and tool life decreases. The best improvement over the SPT rule’s performance is achieved by the proposed genetic algorithm with problem space search.Güneş, Evrim DidemM.S

The Possible Effects of Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) on Turkish Economy

Due to the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) deadlocked multilateral trade negotiations, many countries have started to establish Free Trade Agreements (FTA). In this context, the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) have decided to establish bilateral Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). This note focuses on the impacts of this partnership on Turkish economy. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to analytically analyze the economic impacts of the TTIP on Turkey by differentiating according to Turkey’s inclusion in and exclusion from the TTIP. By using Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and a general equilibrium model, the effects of various scenarios on GDP is studied within the framework of four-regional-consolidation, the EU, the U.S., Turkey and rest of the world. Obtained results show that Turkey could be in a gain of 35 billion USD if Turkey is included in TTIP compared to if she is excluded from the TTIP. Moreover, Turkey’s inclusion in TTIP is not only in favor of Turkey but also in favor of the EU and the USA in terms of higher GDP growth rates

The Possible Effects of Trans-Pacific Partnership on Turkish Economy

Due to the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) deadlocked multilateral trade negotiations, many countries have started to establish Free Trade Agreements (FTA). In this context, twelve countries including Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the United States (US) and Vietnam have decided to establish Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). This study focuses on the impacts of this partnership on Turkish economy. By using Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and a general equilibrium model, the effects of various scenarios on GDP and exports are studied. Obtained results show that Turkey could be in a loss up to 1% of GDP if present 12 countries establish the TPP. Otherwise, potential countries’ inclusions in TPP could cause higher losses – up to 2.4% of GDP- for Turkey

The Possible Effects of Trans-Pacific Partnership on Turkish Economy

Due to the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) deadlocked multilateral trade negotiations, many countries have started to establish Free Trade Agreements (FTA). In this context, twelve countries including Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the United States (US) and Vietnam have decided to establish Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). This study focuses on the impacts of this partnership on Turkish economy. By using Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and a general equilibrium model, the effects of various scenarios on GDP and exports are studied. Obtained results show that Turkey could be in a loss up to 1% of GDP if present 12 countries establish the TPP. Otherwise, potential countries’ inclusions in TPP could cause higher losses – up to 2.4% of GDP- for Turkey

Cryopreservation Studies in Aquaculture from Past to Present: Scientific Techniques and Quality Controls for Commercial Applications

In this section, cryopreservation of fish genetic resources, which is one of the important applications to ensure the sustainability of genetic resources of freshwater fish species, is discussed. At the same time, information is provided about the possible sources of contamination that may be encountered during cryopreservation applications. In this context, the results of sperm, egg, and embryo cryopreservation studies of fish and their success and failure in applications were evaluated in addition to the process from past to present. Information is given about the contamination that may develop depending on the applications in the process of cryopreservation and dissolving processes, as well as the studies carried out to eliminate extracellular disease agents. In the section, in addition to the evaluation of the results of scientific studies, commercial companies that commercially carry out gamete cryopreservation applications are also included. The contamination that may develop depending on the applications in the process of cryopreservation and thawing processes, as well as the studies carried out to eliminate extracellular disease agents are mentioned

Frequency of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism in Turkish acute stroke patients

This study was performed in acute stroke patients in the Turkish population to determine the frequency of the A1166C polymorphism in the AT1 gene and to examine the role of this polymorphism in acute stroke development. In this study, 257 genomic DNA samples were analysed (from 206 acute stroke patients and 51 healthy individuals). Genomic DNA was prepared from peripheral blood using the salt-extraction method. The presence of the A1166C polymorphism in the AT1 gene was determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. PCR products were separated by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. In this study, the allele frequency at the A1166C position was 92% A and 8% C for control and 97% A and 3% C for patients. This difference in allele frequency between the control group and the patient group was not statistically significant. However, genotype and allele frequencies showed a significant difference (P<0.001) in the control and the patient groups. The results of this study show no relationship between the A1166C polymorphism in the AT1 gene and acute stroke in the Turkish population

Fire Safety and Prevention Issues in Design of Tall Buildings

Fire safety design of tall buildings is crucial. The number of floors, the function, and the occupants' features build the complexity in the life and fire safety design of tall buildings. Because of the complexity of each tall building design, specific preventive measures are necessary more than the basic requirements given in the national and local codes. The fire safety design of the world-renowned tall buildings, including Guangzhou International Finance Centre (IFC), Capital Market Authority (CMA) Tower, and Jin Mao Tower are case studies and further focus is made on the facade design of tall buildings. The paper reviews the safety design issues and focuses on the fire evacuation models, estimations, and the effect of different parameters in the success of fire safety design of tall buildings. In addition to the various fire evacuation suggestions, the effect of human behavior in fire is also discussed through the literature review. Fire safety is not only an engineering problem to deal with, but also architects must know the holistic approach in the fire safety design of tall buildings since it involves their architectural design as well. The paper aimed to bring the most arguable issues in the fire safety design of tall buildings together and to highlight the value of different perspectives in achieving a promising fire safety design

An Introduction to Architecture and Building Construction: A Starter Module for Freshers of Interior Design

 Architecture is an interdisciplinary area itself; a world of design, materials, textures, history, culture, art, technology, construction, visualisation, economics, management and so on. As it consists of many diverse knowledge-areas, the curriculum of architecture is often too loaded with different types of modules. Some modules are delivered only thematically, while some are introductory in order to prepare students to the next core modules. This paper focuses on the content development of the module of Introduction to Architecture and Building Construction, which is delivered to the fresher year of the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design in their spring semestre. The module is required to complete in the four-year curriculum and is formed of two theoretical hours and two practical hours in a week. In accordance with the title as well as the structure of the module, the content was developed in two-folds. The number of the students registered for the module was 24. For the part of Introduction to Architecture, each student was assigned a well-known architect to study, which aimed to make students familiar with the names, their career path, their design approach and building characteristics, the history of movements they followed, their strands in interior design and product design. For the part of Introduction to Building Construction, it was aimed to make the students familiar with the world renowned designs as well as materials and construction technology they used. Using the series of videos explaining the design and construction process of some of the selected buildings in the lectures and the follow-up discussions formed the latter part of the module. Accordingly, the paper explains how the module content was developed, why the rationales were behind and what was aimed to achieve by this kind of structure and content

Th1 cells in cancer-associated inflammation

The immune system is not only evolved to protect the body from pathogens, but it also recognizes and eliminates cancer cells. CD4+ helper T (Th) lymphocytes are central intercessors differentiated according to the character of physiological or pathological status. Generation of type 1 Th (Th1) cells is primarily associated with a pathological insult that must be removed through immune elimination. Upon interacting with other immune and transformed cells, Th1 cells can hamper cancer progression. Therefore, it is a major obstacle for tumor cells to become insensitive or resistant to Th1-oriented actions. The organism employs various mechanisms to return to a steady state and ensure tissue repair following a destructive inflammatory response. Th1 cells are also tightly regulated during the termination of immune responses. They can reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines, both generate and be prone to inhibitory signals, and undergo activation-induced cell death for inflammation resolution. Additionally, Th1 cells may become hyporesponsive, exhausted, and decorated with many inhibitory receptors and eventually lose functionality. There is growing evidence about tumor cells taking advantage of the strategies used for the resolution of Th1-oriented inflammation. Here, the current insights on Th1 cells during cancer-associated inflammatory responses are reviewed.The immune system is not only evolved to protect the body from pathogens, but it also recognizes and eliminates cancer cells. CD4+ helper T (Th) lymphocytes are central intercessors differentiated according to the character of physiological or pathological status. Generation of type 1 Th (Th1) cells is primarily associated with a pathological insult that must be removed through immune elimination. Upon interacting with other immune and transformed cells, Th1 cells can hamper cancer progression. Therefore, it is a major obstacle for tumor cells to become insensitive or resistant to Th1-oriented actions. The organism employs various mechanisms to return to a steady state and ensure tissue repair following a destructive inflammatory response. Th1 cells are also tightly regulated during the termination of immune responses. They can reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines, both generate and be prone to inhibitory signals, and undergo activation-induced cell death for inflammation resolution. Additionally, Th1 cells may become hyporesponsive, exhausted, and decorated with many inhibitory receptors and eventually lose functionality. There is growing evidence about tumor cells taking advantage of the strategies used for the resolution of Th1-oriented inflammation. Here, the current insights on Th1 cells during cancer-associated inflammatory responses are reviewed

Self-, peer- and teacher-assessment through rubrics

Son yıllarda performans değerlendirme için kullanılan araçlar arasında dereceli puanlama anahtarlarının sıklıkla kullanıldığı ayrıca öz değerlendirme ve akran değerlendirme uygulamalarının eğitim araştırmalarında önemli bir yer edindiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında öğretmen adaylarının sözlü sunum performansları dereceli puanlama anahtarı ile akranları, kendileri ve öğretmenleri tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve sonrasında öz, akran ve öğretmen değerlendirmeleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının performans değerlendirmeye ve dereceli puanlama anahtarı kullanımına ilişkin yeterliklerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlaması hedeflenen çalışmada var olan bir durum ortaya konulmaya çalışıldığından betimsel yöntem izlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 18 öğretmen adayı ve 1 alan eğitimi uzmanı oluşturmuştur. Her bir öğretmen adayının performansı kendisi, akranları ve öğretmeni tarafından analitik türde geliştirilmiş dereceli puanlama anahtarı aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Öz, akran ve öğretmen değerlendirmelerinin karşılaştırılmasına yönelik araştırma probleminin çözümü için veriler Friedman testi ile analiz edilmiştir ve sonucunda değerlendirmeler arasında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının performanslarına ilişkin olarak yaptıkları öz değerlendirmelerin, akranları ve öğretmenleri tarafından yapılan değerlendirmelerden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı biçimde düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Akran değerlendirmesi ile öğretmen değerlendirmesi arasında bulunan farkın ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.In recent years, rubrics have gained greater priority among performance evaluation tools to evaluate student performance. Besides, self- and peer-assessment applications have aroused great deal of interest in educational research. Within the scope of the study preservice teachers' oral presentation skills were evaluated by themselves and also by their peers and a teacher through a rubric. The present study aims to compare self-, peer- and teacherassessment of the pre-service teachers' performances through a rubric. The study group of the current research consists of 18 pre-service teachers and 1 subject area education expert. Performance of each pre-service teacher was evaluated by themselves, peers and teacher through the rubric developed in the analytic format. In order to compare the self-, peer- and teacher-assessment, Friedman test was run. Preservice teachers’ self-assessments of their oral presentation performances are found to be statistically significantly lower than peer- and teacher-assessments of their performances. When the scores obtained from peer- and teacherassessments were compared, no significant difference was observed