Investigation of Arterial Blood Gas in Radial Artery in Patients with Observative Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Objective: Apnea developing during sleep prevents gas exchange in the body for 10 seconds or more. As a result, there is a significant decrease in partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) and a significant increase in partial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2). Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) have systemic hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmia, chronicle artery disease, cerebrovascular diseases, and sudden death. The aim of this study is to determine the undiagnosed OSAS by looking at arterial blood gas changes in the radial artery.Materials and Methods: In this study, the patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of OSAS (the first group consisted of 13 patients, Apnea-Hypopnea Index 5 Ap15 and the second group consisted of 11 patients, Apnea-Hypopnea Index 16 and above). Blood samples were taken from radial arteries of patients in two groups. Arterial blood gases between groups; PaO2, PaCO2, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), hydrogen ion concentration (pH) values and accompanying diseases were examined.Results: There was no significant difference between the arterial blood gases values of patients in two groups. This suggests that arterial blood gas values in the blood taken from the radial artery alone cannot diagnose or fail to diagnose OSAS. However, patients in the two groups; 88% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was found as the concomitant disease. This suggests us thinking that the abnormal blood gas values (PaO2 level below normal limits and PaCO2 level above normal limits) is associated with COPD which accompanies the disease with OSAS.Discussion: Identification and treatment of OSAS prevent the development of complications associated with OSAS and may provide treatment for OSAS. Undiagnosed OSAS may be considered in the presence of abnormalities in the examination of arterial blood gas in the radial artery in patients presenting with OSAS findings (such as snoring, witnessed apnea, daytime sleepiness etc.) and accompanying COPD.This paper is just a sample template for the prospective authors of IISTE Over the decades, the concepts of holons and holonic systems have been adopted in many research fields, but they are scarcely attempted on labour planning. A literature gap exists, thus motivating the author to come up with a holonic model that uses exponential smoothing to forecast some quantitative variables in labour-intensive production. These varying parameters include the machine utilisation that reflects the demand and the worker absenteeism and turnover that constitute the disturbance. Collective equations are formulated to periodically compute the number of workers required. For model validation purpose, twenty-four-month data analysis is conducted on a mock-up basis. Keywords: OSAS; Polysomnography; PaO2; PaCO2; SaO2 DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/74-05 Publication date:May 31st 202

Investigation of Emotional Labor and Life Satisfaction Levels of Staff in Central Organization of General Directorate of Sports Services

Present study aims to investigate the emotional labor and life satisfaction levels of staff in the central organization of General Directorate of Sport Services. The population of the study consists of staff in the central organization of General Directorate of Sport Services. The sample is consisted of 276 staff determined by random sampling method. As data collection tool; to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants, a four-item ''Personal Information Form'' as well as a nine- item ''Emotional Labor Scale'' developed by Brotheridge and Lee (2003) and adapted to Turkish by Dursun et al. (2014) and ''Life Satisfaction Scale'' developed by Diener et al. (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Bekmezci and Mert (2013) were utilized in the study. In the analysis of the data, frequency, percentage (%) and median values were used. Kruskal Wallis test was used for normal distribution of data and Mann Whitney U in test non-parametric tests was used according to the results gathered. The significance level was taken as p<0,05. When the findings obtained from the study were evaluated, life satisfaction levels of GDSS staff were at medium level. At the same time, there was a significant difference in education level and working time in the profession “in the sub-dimension of hidden emotions of emotional labor dimension of staff in GDSS. Activities such as various social activities can be organized by the Institution to improve the belonging of employees and to increase the levels of emotional labor and life satisfaction

The Effect of Country Risk on Foreign Direct Investment: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis for Developing Countries

Abstract. Issues created by inconsistency make difficult for investors to make healthy decisions. Risks and uncertainty may lead investors to have bad decisions which result in low level of profit from investments. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of country risk on the direct foreign investments (FDI). In the study in which annual data between the years of 2002 and 2014 belong to 49 countries are utilized, the relationships between the variables are analyzed through two phase system-GMM dynamic panel method. Three model assumptions are made for the study. According to the assumption results of the first model which focus on the country risk’s effect on the FDI inflows; the decrease in the country risk increases the FDI inflows. The results of second model through which the effects of sub elements of country risk (financial, economic and political risk) on the FDI are analyzed separately show that financial risk does not create statistically meaningful effect while the decrease in economic and political risk affects the FDI inflows in positive means. Finally, according to the results of the third model which focus on the effect of FDI inflows on the country risks; FDI creates a decreasing effect for country risk and indirectly inconsistencies..Keywords.FDI, Developing countries, Country risk, Twostep system-GMM.JEL. C33, C36, E22, F22

Breeding properties of Esox lucius (L., 1758) living in Kapulukaya Dam Lake (Kirikkale, Turkey)

This study involves the investigation of the breeding properties of Esox lucius (L., 1758) living in Kapulukaya Dam Lake in Turkey. It was observed that the fish reaches sexual maturity at the age of 3, and the breeding period starts in February and ends in March. The highest and lowest gonadosomatic index (GSI) values were determined in February and July, respectively. The average egg number per fish was estimated to be 19781.75 ± 12051.09. The relations between the fecundity (F), body length (L) and body weight (W) were found as F = 0.00137275 × L2.675 (r = 0.85) and F = 32.38038307 × W0.9564 (r = 0.87).Keywords: Esox lucius, Northern pike, breeding, Kapulukaya Dam Lake, TurkeyAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(34), pp. 5560-5565, 23 August, 201

A review of researches on STEM in preservice teacher education

As the research on STEM education has begun to gain momentum in literature, the need for STEM education in the field of teacher training has been emphasized. Considering that STEM education plays an increasingly important role in teacher education both in our country and in the world, it is necessary to investigate the literature review that will guide these studies. According to the criteria determined in this study, 76 studies published between January 2001 and December 2018 were examined by using systematic review. These 76 studies are summarized under the categories of research, type of research, method research group, validity-reliability report, data collection tools, educational material, country of publication. The results of the research indicate that applied qualitative research methods are used mostly in preservice teacher education, the studies have increased significantly in the last three years, simple tools as education material are used mainly, and interview forms were preferred as the data collection tool. In the light of these findings, some suggestions are put forward to the teacher educators and researchers.As the research on STEM education has begun to gain momentum in literature, the need for STEM education in the field of teacher training has been emphasized. Considering that STEM education plays an increasingly important role in teacher education both in our country and in the world, it is necessary to investigate the literature review that will guide these studies. According to the criteria determined in this study, 76 studies published between January 2001 and December 2018 were examined by using systematic review. These 76 studies are summarized under the categories of research, type of research, method research group, validity-reliability report, data collection tools, educational material, country of publication. The results of the research indicate that applied qualitative research methods are used mostly in preservice teacher education, the studies have increased significantly in the last three years, simple tools as education material are used mainly, and interview forms were preferred as the data collection tool. In the light of these findings, some suggestions are put forward to the teacher educators and researchers

INVESTIGATION OF GRAPHIC READING AND INTERPRETATION SKILLS IN SOCIO-SCIENTIFIC-BASED PROBLEM SITUATIONS: THE EXAMPLE OF COVID-19 PARABOLIC GRAPH

The aim of this study is to examine the graphic reading and interpretation skills of teacher candidates with problem situations prepared in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, which is a socioscientific situation. The study was carried out with a special case of qualitative research methods. The participants of the study consisted of 52 primary school mathematics teacher candidates studying in the third year. Participants were determined via the typical case sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods. As a data collection tool, an open-ended question form consisting of five options based on a socio-scientific situation-based scenario with a vital aspect was used. In the analysis of the data, content analysis method was used together with descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage). When the data obtained from the research were examined, it was seen that a significant part of the pre-service teachers had the skills to read and interpret the parabola graphs given in the context of Covid-19. However, it was determined that most of the pre-service teachers who gave wrong answers to the questions about graphic reading and interpretation were at the level of visual or quantitative perception and had difficulties in transitioning between representations. For this reason, drawing activities that require more context-based qualitative understanding or technology-assisted teaching applications can be made in the teaching of graphics.Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyobilimsel bir durum olan Covid-19 pandemisi bağlamında hazırlanan problem durumlarıyla öğretmen adaylarının grafik okuma ve yorumlama becerilerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden özel durum ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın katılımcıları üçüncü sınıfta öğrenim gören 52 ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adayından oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılar amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden tipik durum örneklemesi yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak sosyobilimsel durum temelli yaşamsal yönü olan bir senaryoya dayalı beş seçenekten oluşan bir açık uçlu soru kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistiklerle birlikte (frekans, yüzde) içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde öğretmen adaylarının önemli bir bölümünün Covid-19 bağlamında verilen parabol grafiklerini okuma ve yorumlama becerilerine sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Ancak grafik okuma ve yorumlamaya yönelik sorulara yanlış cevap veren öğretmen adaylarının çoğunun görsel ya da nicel algılama düzeyinde olduğu ve temsiller arası geçişte zorlandıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle grafikler konusunun öğretiminde daha çok bağlam temelli nitel anlama gerektiren çizim etkinlikleri ya da teknoloji destekli öğretim uygulamaları yaptırılabilir

Forward kinematic analysis of open source medical assistant robot arm with python

Günümüzde Covid-19 gibi pandemik hastalıkların tüm dünyayı hızla etkilemesi ve buna bağlı tüm dünyada yüzbinlerce kişinin hayatına mal olmuşken sağlık çalışanlarının dünya genelindeki özverili çalışmalarının önemi ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışmada, sağlık çalışanlarının iş yükünün paylaşılması için süreç içerisinde destek elemanları olarak medikal yardımcı makineler üzerine inceleme yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen medikal yardımcı robotik kol, sağlık çalışanlarının iş yükünün paylaşılması açısından özellikle pandemi sürecinde son derece önem arz etmektedir. Geliştirilen robot kol açık kaynak ve de eklemlerinin model baz alınarak uyarlanabilir olması son derece önemli bir özelliktir. Robot kolun açık kaynak olması oluşabilecek telif haklarından kaynaklı sorunlarında giderilmesi açısından son derece önemlidir. Robot kol profesyonel özellikte endüstriyel boyutlarda kullanıma uygun özelliklere sahiptir. Çalışmada kullanılan robot kol 3D yazıcıdan basılmış ve robot kol 5 serbestlik derecesine (5 DoF) sahip mafsallı robot koldur. 3D yazıcıdan basılabilir olması bu tür profesyonel robot kollar açısından maliyet olarak ciddi tasarruf sağlamaktadır. Robot kolun çalışma uzayının belirlenmesi ve ayrıca kontrolü açısından kinematik analiz önemlidir. Bu makalede, çalışma uzayının belirlenmesi, erişebilir noktalarının tespiti için ileri kinematik analizi derin öğrenme ile yapıldı

Evaluation of the Readability of Informed Consent Forms Used for Emergency Procedures

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate the readability levels of informed consent forms used for patient consent before emergency procedures applied in emergency service in Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Emergency Service Clinic through readability formula. METHOD: Fifteen informed patient consent forms used for emergency medical applications in Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Emergency Medicine Department were evaluated. Information text available on the forms was transferred into Microsoft Word program. Average word number, syllable number and words with syllable number of four and above were calculated. Ateşman and Bezirci-Yılmaz formulas defined for determining the readability level of Turkish texts and Gunning fog, Flesch kincaid formulas measuring the general readability level were used for calculating the readability level of consent forms. RESULTS: Readability levels of all consent forms were detected at average difficulty level according to Ateşman formula, very difficult according to Flesch-Kincaid formula, difficult according to Gunning fog formula and at high school level according to Bezirci-Yılmaz. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the readability level of emergency intervention consent forms used in the clinic was detected as hard and required high school or higher education level. The conclusion is that attention should be paid to this subject which is both medically and legally binding for the doctors and verbal and visual support should be provided for informing the patients in addition to consent forms

The relationship between problematic smartphone use and psychiatric symptoms among adolescents who applied to psychiatry clinics

Problematic mobile phone use is an important problem which has increasing prevalence among adolescents. We should address risk factors to create intervention frameworks related to this problem. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of problematic smartphone use among adolescents who were referred to clinics, its relationship to sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric symptoms and emotion regulation problems. We included 150 adolescents aged 12–18 years who own smartphones. All participants filled out the Sociodemographic Information Form, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Problematic Mobile Phone Use Scale (PMPUS). Problematic smart phone use was detected in 50.6% of the sample. Adolescents with problematic use were found to be older than the others, with lower levels of maternal education and self-achievement. Regression analysis revealed that the factors predicting the risk of problematic smartphone use are somatization, interpersonal sensitivity and hostility symptoms. According to our results, we suggest psychiatrists consider the high prevalence of problematic smartphone use, address the relationship between hostility, somatic symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity (susceptibility) and the effects of this current problem on social-academic functioning while evaluating and treating adolescents

Problematic whatsApp use among adolescents: linking fear of missing out and psychiatric symptoms

Objective: WhatsApp (WA) is the most popular instant message application all over the world. Although communication has become easier and enjoyable with the help of this application, the overuse, and addiction of WA has become an important problem among adolescents. WhatsApp addiction is a part of problematic smartphone use (PSU). When we examined previous studies, we found that the samples were generally composed of young adults, but studies on adolescents who are at high risk for problematic Whatsapp use (PWU) were insufficient, and almost no studies were conducted in the clinical adolescent sample. In this study, we aimed to increase our knowledge about problematic PWU and possible risk factors including fear of missing out (FoMO), PSU, and psychiatric symptoms among adolescents who applied to outpatient psychiatry clinics.Methods: 197 adolescents (136 boys, 61 girls, age: 12-18 years) recruited the study. Problematic Mobile Phone Usage Scale (PMPUS), Bergen Whatsapp Addiction Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) Scale were used.Results: We grouped the sample as PWU (Problematic WhatsApp use) and Normal Use group due to Bergen WA Addiction Scale. PWU group’s adolescents were significantly older than others (p=0.03), and had higher scores in all subscales of Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), FoMO and PMPUS (for all scale scores p<0.001). Regression analysis demonstrated that FoMO is a predictor of PWU. Also, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, phobic anxiety, and somatization had a positive effect (ß=1.80, 0.98, 1.26, 0.52; respectively) while obsession compulsion and depression had a negative effect on PWU (ß=-0.76, – 1.22, respectively).Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that problematic Whatsapp use is an important internet-related behavioral problem and have specific risk factors among adolescents. Adolescents use Whatsapp generally with their real friends/relatives. Adolescents who have depression, obsession-compulsion mostly have social withdrawal, and would not be interested in communicating their real social environment. On the other hand, adolescents who have phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism and somatization symptoms would follow the changes and events more closely. The associations between different psychiatric symptoms and PWU could guide the practitioners in the psychiatric care of adolescents