179 research outputs found
The maximum density droplet to lower density droplet transition in quantum dots
We show that, Landau level mixing in two-dimensional quantum dot wave
functions can be taken into account very effectively by multiplying the exact
lowest Landau level wave functions by a Jastrow factor which is optimized by
variance minimization. The comparison between exact diagonalization and fixed
phase diffusion Monte Carlo results suggests that the phase of the many-body
wave functions are not affected much by Landau level mixing. We apply these
wave functions to study the transition from the maximum density droplet state
(incipient integer quantum Hall state with angular momentum L=N(N-1)/2) to
lower density droplet states (L>N(N-1)/2).Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Structure of the Coulomb and unitarity corrections to the cross section of pair production in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions
We analyze the structure of the Coulomb and unitarity corrections to the
single pair production as well as the cross section for the multiple pair
production. In the external field approximation we consider the probability of
pair production at fixed impact parameter between colliding
ultra-relativistic heavy nuclei. We obtain the analytical result for this
probability at large as compared to the electron Compton wavelength. We
estimate also the unitary corrections to the total cross section of the
process.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX, references correcte
Blood Pressure and Age Are the Main Determinants of Aortic Stiffness
WOS: 000418303200017PubMed ID: 28982100
Correlation Induced Inhomogeneity in Circular Quantum Dots
Properties of the "electron gas" - in which conduction electrons interact by
means of Coulomb forces but ionic potentials are neglected - change
dramatically depending on the balance between kinetic energy and Coulomb
repulsion. The limits are well understood. For very weak interactions (high
density), the system behaves as a Fermi liquid, with delocalized electrons. In
contrast, in the strongly interacting limit (low density), the electrons
localize and order into a Wigner crystal phase. The physics at intermediate
densities, however, remains a subject of fundamental research. Here, we study
the intermediate-density electron gas confined to a circular disc, where the
degree of confinement can be tuned to control the density. Using accurate
quantum Monte Carlo techniques, we show that the electron-electron correlation
induced by an increase of the interaction first smoothly causes rings, and then
angular modulation, without any signature of a sharp transition in this density
range. This suggests that inhomogeneities in a confined system, which exist
even without interactions, are significantly enhanced by correlations.Comment: final version, modified introduction and clarifications, 4 page
Strong suppression of Coulomb corrections to the cross section of e+e- pair production in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
The Coulomb corrections to the cross section of pair production in
ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions are calculated in the next-to-leading
approximation with respect to the parameter
( are the Lorentz factors of colliding nuclei). We found
considerable reduction of the Coulomb corrections even for large
due to the suppression of the production of pair
with the total energy of the order of a few electron masses in the rest frame
of one of the nuclei. Our result explains why the deviation from the Born
result were not observed in the experiment at SPS.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe
Real-world indoor mobility with simulated prosthetic vision:The benefits and feasibility of contour-based scene simplification at different phosphene resolutions
Contains fulltext :
246314.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Neuroprosthetic implants are a promising technology for restoring some form of vision in people with visual impairments via electrical neurostimulation in the visual pathway. Although an artificially generated prosthetic percept is relatively limited compared with normal vision, it may provide some elementary perception of the surroundings, re-enabling daily living functionality. For mobility in particular, various studies have investigated the benefits of visual neuroprosthetics in a simulated prosthetic vision paradigm with varying outcomes. The previous literature suggests that scene simplification via image processing, and particularly contour extraction, may potentially improve the mobility performance in a virtual environment. In the current simulation study with sighted participants, we explore both the theoretically attainable benefits of strict scene simplification in an indoor environment by controlling the environmental complexity, as well as the practically achieved improvement with a deep learning-based surface boundary detection implementation compared with traditional edge detection. A simulated electrode resolution of 26 x 26 was found to provide sufficient information for mobility in a simple environment. Our results suggest that, for a lower number of implanted electrodes, the removal of background textures and within-surface gradients may be beneficial in theory. However, the deep learning-based implementation for surface boundary detection did not improve mobility performance in the current study. Furthermore, our findings indicate that, for a greater number of electrodes, the removal of within-surface gradients and background textures may deteriorate, rather than improve, mobility. Therefore, finding a balanced amount of scene simplification requires a careful tradeoff between informativity and interpretability that may depend on the number of implanted electrodes.14 p
Coulomb Effects on Electromagnetic Pair Production in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
We discuss the implications of the eikonal amplitude on the pair production
probability in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion transits. In this context the
Weizs\"acker-Williams method is shown to be exact in the ultrarelativistic
limit, irrespective of the produced particles' mass. A new equivalent
single-photon distribution is derived which correctly accounts for the Coulomb
distortions. As an immediate application, consequences for unitarity violation
in photo-dissociation processes in peripheral heavy-ion encounters are
discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 4 .eps figure
Asymptotic channels and gauge transformations of the time-dependent Dirac equation for extremely relativistic heavy-ion collisions
We discuss the two-center, time-dependent Dirac equation describing the
dynamics of an electron during a peripheral, relativistic heavy-ion collision
at extreme energies. We derive a factored form, which is exact in the
high-energy limit, for the asymptotic channel solutions of the Dirac equation,
and elucidate their close connection with gauge transformations which transform
the dynamics into a representation in which the interaction between the
electron and a distant ion is of short range. We describe the implications of
this relationship for solving the time-dependent Dirac equation for extremely
relativistic collisions.Comment: 12 pages, RevTeX, 2 figures, submitted to PR
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