Investigation of pilot scale manufacturing of polysulfone (PSf) membranes by wet phase inversion method

Membranes are used as a support layer for the fabrication of thin film composite membranes. Sup- port layer properties can affect many performance parameters of TFC membranes such as flux, rejection, morphology and stability against pressure. Although studies in lab scale fabrication exist, investigation the pilot scale polysulfone membrane fabrication has not been done. In this study, opti- mization of polysulfone support membranes fabrication was conducted in pilot scale. Coagulation bath temperature; casting speed and solution content were selected as main parameters for the opti- mization. Membrane surface properties were investigated in details with SEM and pore size dis- tribution. Membrane performance were determined with permeability experiments. Differences in pilot scale and lab scale membrane manufacturing were observed and compared with literature. On the contrary to literature it was found that, coagulation bath temperature has exact opposite effect in pilot scale membrane formation compared to lab scale studies. 10°C drop (from 25°C to 15°C) in coagulation bath temperature decreased mean pore size of membranes from 27 nm to 8 nm and per- meability from 464 l/m2h to 100 l/m2h while everything else was kept constant

Contribution of 'susceptibility weighted imaging' sequence in magnetic resonans imaging of Parkinson's disease patients to diagnosis

YÖK Tez No: 344199Amaç: Parkinson hastalığı, Alzheimer hastalığından sonra görülen en sık nörodejeneratif hastalık olup 60 yaş üstü toplumun %2?sinde görülmektedir. Parkinson hastalığı gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıklarda ve yaşla beraber beyinde bazal gangliyonlarda demir miktarı artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Parkinson hastalarında bazal gangliyonlardaki demir birikiminin susseptibilite ağırlıklı görüntüleme (SWI) ile değerlendirilerek, bu sekansın tanıya katkısının araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem ve gereç: Hastanemiz nöroloji polikliniğinde klinik olarak Parkinson hastalığı tanısı almış 35 hasta ile yine nöroloji polikliniğine baş ağrısı nedeniyle başvurmuş benzer yaş grubundan, bilinen bir hastalığı olmayan 19 kontrol hastası çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların var olan manyetik rezonans görüntüleri retrospektif olarak incelendi ve kontrol grubunun görüntüleriyle karşılaştırıldı. Hastaların demografik verileri, hastalık süreleri, tanı alma yaşı ve Parkinson hastalığı klinik skorları kaydedildi. SWI sekansında bazal gangliyonlardan intensite ölçümleri yapıldı. Elde edilen ölçümlerden kantitatif sinyal analizi yapmak amacıyla sinyal-gürültü oranı (SNR) hesaplandı. Bulgular: SWI sekansında bazal gangliyonlardan yapılan SNR ölçümleri hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (p0,05). Sonuç: Manyetik rezonans görüntülemede SWI sekansı Parkinson hastalığının tanısını destekleyici bir yöntem olarak kullanılabilir ancak hastalığın klinik şiddeti, tarafı ve progresyonunu göstermede SWI sekansı çok yararlı bulunmamıştır.Background and purpose: Parkinson disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer disease and it is seen in 2 % of the population older than 60 years of age. In neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson diseaese and with advancing age iron content in basal ganglia of the brain increases. In the present study the contribution of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) to the diagnosis of Parkinson disease was evaluated by investigating iron deposition in the basal ganglia of Parkinson disease patients. Materials and methods: 35 patients who had a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease and 19 patients with a diagnosis of headache from the neurology clinic of our hospital from a similar age group were selected. Magnetic resonance images of the patients were compared retrospectively with the images obtained from the control group. Demographic data, disease duration, age of first diagnosis and Parkinson clinical scores of the patients were recorded. Intensity measurements of the basal ganglia were obtained in SWI sequence. To make a quantitative analysis signal-noice ratio (SNR) was calculated from obtained measurements. Results: SNR results obtained from the basal ganglia with SWI sequence were significantly lower in the patient group compared with that from the control group (p0,05). Conclusion: SWI sequence of magnetic resonance imaging may be used as supporting method for the diagnosis of Parkinson disease but it was not found very helpful in evaluating clinical severity, side of involvement and progression of the disease

Economical Method for Producing Nascent Iodine Products with Aprotic Solvents (NMP, DMSO) Possessing Highly Effective Antimicrobial Properties

© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polar and aprotic solvents when used as solvents separately on the antimicrobial activity of nascent iodine products. In the literature, as much as we are aware of, this subject has not been studied in detail. The results of this investigation showed that there is critical water content for each solvent used for the preparation of suitable, homogenous and stable antimicrobial nascent iodine products. The critical water content was 25% for polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and propylene glycol, 50% for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 75% for n-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP). During the preparation of these products, if the water content of the product was unequal to these critical water contents, it was found that iodine present in the product separates out and precipitates. Among these solvents, NMP was found to be the most suitable solvent. It helps to produce a product possessing the highest antimicrobial activities. It is the most economical solvent, and it possesses improved penetration enhancement properties to skin. It was also observed that the product prepared with NMP can be dilutable infinitely. Even though it was diluted four times with water and its iodine content dropped to 0.3% iodine, the sample showed much higher antimicrobial activities than the well-known commercial povidone iodine. During this investigation, it was surprising to observe that even when the well-known povidone iodine product was diluted with an equal amount of water (when its iodine content was reduced to 0.6%), it completely lost its antimicrobial activity

Median nerve entrapment due to accessory palmaris longus muscle: MRI and sonography findings

PubMed ID: 29724876[No abstract available

The Evaluation of Core Needle Breast Biopsy Analyzes Performed with 14 and 18 Gauge Needles: A Single Center Experience for Eight Years

Aim: Percutaneous imaging-guided core needle breast biopsy has become widely used as analternative to incisional biopsy in the diagnosis of breast lesions. In this study, it was aimed toevaluate and report our core needle breast biopsy experiences performed with 14- and 18-gauge needles.Material and Methods: Patients who underwent core needle breast biopsy between March2012 and December 2019 in our radiology department and whose biopsy specimens wereevaluated in the pathology department, of all age groups and both sexes, were included in thisstudy. A total of 628 (615 female and 13 male) patients with breast masses were examined.Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.20±13.94 (median= 51, range, 13-96) years,90.4% (n=568) of the lesions were masses and the majority of lesions (53.2%, n=334) were11-20 mm in size. The most of cases (47.2%, n=268) were BI-RADS 5. There was nosignificant difference between the two needles in terms of gender distribution, age, type ofsurgery, and core needle breast biopsy results. In 86.5% (n=141) of the patients, there wasdiagnostic accuracy between the surgical specimen and the core needle breast biopsy result.Conclusion: We demonstrated that the 14-gauge and 18-gauge needles have similarperformance of results. Smaller needles should be used for ultrasound-guided breast biopsies,which is less invasive, less painful, and creates less risk of hemorrhage. Moreover, no patientadmitted to the emergency department because of the core needle breast biopsy acutecomplications such as hematoma, bleeding, etc. during this time.Amaç: Perkutan görüntüleme eşliğinde kor iğne meme biyopsisi, meme lezyonlarının teşhisinde insizyonel biyopsiye alternatif olarak yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; 14 ve 18 gauge iğnelerle yapılan kor iğne meme biyopsisi deneyimlerimizin değerlendirilmesi ve sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya, Mart 2012 ve Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında Radyoloji Anabilim Dalında kor iğne meme biyopsisi uygulanmış olan ve biyopsi örnekleri Patoloji Anabilim Dalında değerlendirilmiş olan, tüm yaş gruplarından ve her iki cinsiyetten hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Meme lezyonu olan toplam 628 (615 kadın ve 13 erkek) hasta incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 52.20±13.94 (medyan= 51, aralık, 13-96) yıl olup, lezyonların %90,4'ü (n=568) kitle lezyonu şeklindeydi ve lezyonların büyük çoğunluğu (53.1%; n=334) 11-20 mm boyutundaydı. Vakaların çoğu (%47,2; n=268) BI-RADS 5 idi. İki iğne arasında cinsiyet dağılımı, yaş, ameliyat türü ve kor iğne meme biyopsisi sonuçları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık yoktu. Hastaların %86,5'ünde (n=141) cerrahi olarak çıkartılan materyallerin histopatolojik sonucu ve kor iğne meme biyopsisi sonucu arasında tanısal doğruluk vardı. Sonuç: 14-gauge ve 18-gauge iğnelerin benzer sonuç gösterme potansiyeline sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Daha az invaziv, daha az ağrılı ve daha az kanama olma riski içeren ultrason eşliğindeki meme biyopsileri için daha küçük iğnelerin kullanılması daha uygundur. Ayrıca, çalışma süresi içinde hematom, kanama vb. gibi akut kor iğne meme biyopsisi komplikasyonları nedeniyle hiçbir hasta acil servise başvurmamıştır.2-s2.0-8510546480

Accessory occipital suture mimicking fracture in head trauma

Naldemir, Ibrahim Feyyaz/0000-0002-0804-7378WOS: 000428231100063PubMed: 29277494The occipital bone is a complex structure due to its anatomy and accessory sutures. Fracture - accessory suture differential diagnosis should be performed carefully in patients with a history of head trauma [4]. In this case report we wanted to emphasize that accessory sutures can be difficult to diagnose in patients with head trauma. We also specified the points to be considered in the suture - fracture differentional diagnosis. A bilateral, symmetrical fissure line was observed in the occipital bone basal part of the patient who was admitted to our emergency department due to head trauma. The patient was followed up with accessory suture and then discharged after paying attention to important points in the differential diagnosis. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

1985–1993 yılları arasında Turgut Özal döneminde yaşanan önemli siyasi-dosyal olayların ve Turgut Özal'ın bir siyasi figür olarak Gırgır dergisi üzerinden incelenmesi

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2014.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Harun Yeni

Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine Başvuran Obez Hastaların Tiroid Hormon Düzeylerinin ve Tiroid Ultrasonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

KARA, ISMAIL HAMDI/0000-0003-2022-1882WOS: 000375099700004Objective: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate obesity in terms of its effect on thyroid function and morphology. Methods: We included 327 consecutive obese patients (mean age 41.0 +/- 11.6) who applied to the Department of Family Medicine Obesity and Check-up Polyclinic of Dzce University School of Medicine and had an ultrasound scan (USG) between the months January to July 2012. Cases were classified as patients with obesity (n=130), patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM) (n=27) and patients with Metabolic Syndrome (METS) (n=170). USG findings, as well as hematological, biochemical and hormonal parameters, were compared among these groups Results: When body mass index (BMI) values were compared between the groups, the highest results were found in DM group, and these results were statistically significant. In USG examinations of patients, 108 (29.2%) patients had nodules. There was no difference between the groups in terms nodule prevalence. When thyroid volumes were compared between the groups, the largest volumes were found in the DM group; however, this was statistically not significant. When thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared, the highest levels were in the obesity group; however, these results were again statistically insignificant. We observed that obese women and women with METS had higher TSH levels. Thyroid disorders were found less frequent in the DM group than the other groups, and these results were statistically significant. Conclusion: Although no significant difference was found between the groups in our study in terms of thyroid pathology, in the light of other studies, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients and patients with METS is 2-3 times higher than the normal population. Therefore the measurement of TSH should be made for all obese patients

Temas tipi yanıklarda Hypericum perforatum (sarı kantaron) ile tedavi: Deneysel bir çalışma

Aim: Burns are one of the most difficult physical and psychological traumas that people face. Generally, protection and prevention strategies from burns are practiced. The young and the elderly are most likely to be affected tragically. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Hypericum perforatum methanol extractcontaining gel on the healing of burn wounds. Materials and Methods: Forty male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into four groups after a 4x4 area of their back was shaved, and an experimental burn was created with the direct contact of an aluminum metal stamp heated in boiling water for 15 seconds. There was no implementation on or treatment of the control group (Group 1). Burn wounds were irrigated with saline solution (Saline group, Group 2), and silver sulphadiazine 1% (Silverdin®) cream (Group 3), Hypericum perforatum methanol extract-containing gel (Group 4), and a placebo gel (Group 5) were applied topically 4 times a day after the contact burn. Histopathological analyses of the burned area were made at 4, 8, and 24 hours. Results: The topical use of Hypericum perforatum methanol extract-containing gel in the experimental contact burns, histologically; resulted in the reduction of collagen discoloration, vascular damage and hair follicle and glandula sebaceous damage while preserving total number of hair follicles, number of vessels and epidermal thickness compared to Silver Sulphadiazine 1% (Silverdin®) cream treatment. Conclusion: Positive effects of topical Hypericum perforatum gel were detected on experimental burns and its use might have beneficial effects on acute burn wounds.Amaç: Yanık insanların karşılaştığı en zor fiziksel ve psikolojik travmalardan biridir. Genellikle yanıktan koruma ve önleme stratejileri uygulanmaktadır. Yaşlılar ve gençler yanıktan en trajik olarak etkilenen popülasyondur. Bu çalışmada, metanol ekstraksiyonu yöntemiyle elde edilen Hypericum perforatum (sarı kantaron) jelinin uzun süreli olumlu etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kırk adet Sprague-Dawley cinsi erkek sıçanlar 100°C de 15 saniye kaynamış suda ısıtılmış metalle dağlanarak yakılıp 5 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubuna hiçbir işlem ve tedavi uygulanmadı (Grup 1). Salin grubuna (Grup 2), yanık uygulaması yapılıp % 0, 9' luk NaCl solüsyonu ile irrigasyon yapıldı. Ticari bir ürün olan Silverdin® kremi (Grup 3), metanol ekstrasyonu ile elde eldilmiş Hypericum perforatum jeli (Grup 4) ve plasebo jel (Grup 5), aynı gün topikal olarak 4 kez uygulandı. Yanık alanı ve histopatolojik analizler 4., 8. ve 24. saatte biyopsi alınıp değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Metanol ekstrasyonu ile elde eldilmiş Hypericum perforatum jelinin deneysel yanık modeli sonrası topikal uygulaması; kollajen diskolorizasyonunu, vasküler hasar, kıl folikülü ve sebasöz bezlerde meydana gelen hasarı düşürürken ayrıca tüm damarların epidermal kalınlığının Silverdin®’e göre daha tedavi edici özellikte olduğu gözlemlendi. Sonuç: Deneysel yanıklar üzerinde Hypericum perforatum jelinin olumlu etkilerinin olduğu ve kullanımının akut yanıklar üzerinde yararlı etkileri olabileceği görüldü