Moxifloxacin versus Clindamycin/Ceftriaxone in the management of odontogenic maxillofacial infectious processes: a preliminary, intrahospital, controlled clinical trial

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the days of hospitalization length between patients treated with Moxifloxacin with that of patients treated with a Clindamycin/Ceftriaxone combination and additionally, to isolate and identify the oral pathogens involved in orofacial odontogenic infections. Material and Methods: A pilot-controlled-clinical-trial was carried out on hospitalized patients with cervicofacial odontogenic abscesses or cellulitis, who were randomly asigned to two study groups: 1) patients who received Moxifloxacin, and 2) patients receiving Clindamycin/Ceftriaxone combination. Infiltrate samples were collected through transdermic or transmucosal punction and later cultured on a media specific for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Mean hospitalization duration in days until hospital discharge and susceptibility assessment in rates were established. Results: Mean hospitalization time in days of patients treated with Moxifloxacin was 7.0 ± 1.6 days, while in the Clindamycin/Ceftriaxone group, this was 8.4 ± 1.8 days, although significant difference could not be demonstrated ( p =0.074). A total of 43 strains were isolated, all of these Gram-positive. These strains appeared to be highly sen - sitive to Moxifloxacin (97.5%) and Ceftriaxone (92.5%). Conclusions: Moxifloxacin and Ceftriaxone appear to be potential convenient and rational alternatives to traditional antibiotics, for treating severe odontogenic infections, in conjunction with surgical extraoral incision, debridement, and drainage

REVISIÓN DEL ESTADO DEL ARTE DE EMULADORES DE PERTURBACIONES ELÉCTRICAS Y SU POSIBLE APLICACIÓN EN SISTEMAS DE GENERACIÓN EÓLICA (REVISION OF THE STATE OF THE ART OF EMULATORS OF ELECTRICAL DISTURBANCES AND THEIR POSSIBLE APPLICATION IN WIND GENERATION SYSTEMS)

Resumen   Las energías renovables son una alternativa que se ha implementado para amortiguar el impacto negativo que han tenido las energías no renovables en el planeta, entre la amplia gama de energías renovables se encuentran los sistemas de generación eólica, también conocidos como WECS (Wind Energy Conversion System), los cuales normalmente se encuentran interconectados a la red eléctrica.En la red eléctrica existen perturbaciones que pueden provocar efectos negativos en la calidad de la energía, así como posible daño del generador. Entre las perturbaciones eléctricas más comunes en contexto de los generadores eólicos son los armónicos, huecos de voltaje y sobretensiones, mejor conocidos como SAGs y SWELL, respectivamente, los cuales normalmente son provocados por cargas no lineales conectadas a la red eléctrica. En el caso particular de los armónicos, existen diversas soluciones para mitigar los efectos negativos de éstos en los WECS. Sin embargo, con el fin de comprobar correctamente las soluciones planteadas, es necesario contar con un sistema que permita emular la presencia de armónicos en la red eléctrica.En este sentido, este trabajo muestra una revisión del estado del arte respecto a los emuladores de perturbaciones eléctricas, esto debido a que se pretende en un futuro implementar un emulador de este tipo de perturbación en un WECS, con el fin de probar diversos controladores que permitan la mitigación de dicha perturbación eléctrica.Palabra(s) Clave: Emulador de armónicos, generación eólica, perturbaciones armónicas. Abstract   The renewable energies are an alternative that has been implemented to reduce the negative impact on the world, due to the excessive use of nonrenewable energies. Among the renewable energies, there are the Eolic Energy systems or WECS, normally, this kind of systems are regularly connected to the grid.In the grid, there are disturbances that can bring negative effects on the quality of the electrical energy, as well as possible generator damage.The most common disturbances that have been reported in WECS are SAGS, SWELL and harmonics, this kind of disturbances are caused by nonlinear loads that are connected to the grid. Specifically for the harmonic disturbances, there are some alternatives to eliminate the negative effects in WECS. However, in order to ensure that the proposed solutions work correctly, it is necessary to have a system that can emulate the harmonic disturbances from the grid.Therefore, this paper shows a state of art revision regarding the harmonic disturbances emulators; mainly because it is intended to implement in the future a harmonics emulator that will be coupled into a WECS in order to test different harmonic mitigation controllers.Keywords: Eolic generation, harmonics emulator, harmonic disturbance

Potassium and Sodium Transport in Yeast

[EN] As the proper maintenance of intracellular potassium and sodium concentrations is vital for cell growth, all living organisms have developed a cohort of strategies to maintain proper monovalent cation homeostasis. In the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, potassium is accumulated to relatively high concentrations and is required for many aspects of cellular function, whereas high intracellular sodium/potassium ratios are detrimental to cell growth and survival. The fact that S. cerevisiae cells can grow in the presence of a broad range of concentrations of external potassium (10 M–2.5 M) and sodium (up to 1.5 M) indicates the existence of robust mechanisms that have evolved to maintain intracellular concentrations of these cations within appropriate limits. In this review, current knowledge regarding potassium and sodium transporters and their regulation will be summarized. 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Chromium and Ruthenium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films for Propane Sensing Applications

Chromium and ruthenium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Cr) and (ZnO:Ru) thin solid films were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates by the sol-gel dip-coating method. A 0.6 M solution of zinc acetate dihydrate dissolved in 2-methoxyethanol and monoethanolamine was used as basic solution. Chromium (III) acetylacetonate and Ruthenium (III) trichloride were used as doping sources. The Ru incorporation and its distribution profile into the films were proved by the SIMS technique. The morphology and structure of the films were studied by SEM microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively. The SEM images show porous surfaces covered by small grains with different grain size, depending on the doping element, and the immersions number into the doping solutions. The sensing properties of ZnO:Cr and ZnO:Ru films in a propane (C3H8) atmosphere, as a function of the immersions number in the doping solution, have been studied in the present work. The highest sensitivity values were obtained for films doped from five immersions, 5.8 and 900, for ZnO:Cr and ZnO:Ru films, respectively. In order to evidence the catalytic effect of the chromium (Cr) and ruthenium (Ru), the sensing characteristics of undoped ZnO films are reported as well

Cu-Doped ZnO Thin Films Deposited by a Sol-Gel Process Using Two Copper Precursors: Gas-Sensing Performance in a Propane Atmosphere

A study on the propane gas-sensing properties of Cu-doped ZnO thin films is presented in this work. The films were deposited on glass substrates by sol-gel and dip coating methods, using zinc acetate as a zinc precursor, copper acetate and copper chloride as precursors for doping. For higher sensitivity values, two film thickness values are controlled by the six and eight dippings, whereas for doping, three dippings were used, irrespective of the Cu precursor. The film structure was analyzed by X-ray diffractometry, and the analysis of the surface morphology and film composition was made through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), respectively. The sensing properties of Cu-doped ZnO thin films were then characterized in a propane atmosphere, C3H8, at different concentration levels and different operation temperatures of 100, 200 and 300 °C. Cu-doped ZnO films doped with copper chloride presented the highest sensitivity of approximately 6 × 104, confirming a strong dependence on the dopant precursor type. The results obtained in this work show that the use of Cu as a dopant in ZnO films processed by sol-gel produces excellent catalysts for sensing C3H8 gas

Experimental Investigation to Evaluate the Dynamic Properties of a Scaled Rectangular Tuned Liquid Damper Using High-Speed Videos

The use of tuned liquid dampers (TLDs) as an alternative to reduce the response of flexible structures with a low amount of structural damping is a viable option. The correct characterization of the dynamic properties of the TLD plays an important role in the performance of the TLD-main structure system. This work presents the results of an experimental study to evaluate the dynamic properties of a scaled rectangular TLD using high-speed videos. For the experimental investigation, a scaled rectangular TLD is subjected to lateral displacement of the sinusoidal type with amplitudes that range from 5 to 40 mm and frequency equal to 0.625 Hz. The dynamic properties of the TLD system are identified with the use of high-speed videos with a duration of 28.96 s and recorded at 500 frames per second (fps). The recorded videos are analyzed with the software Tracker to extract time histories of wave elevation at predefined locations. The frequency and damping of the TLD system are identified from the time histories of wave elevation through Fourier analysis and free-vibration decay. The findings of this study revealed that the identified dynamic properties of the TLD by using high-speed videos presented small differences with respect to the target values, with errors that range from 0.93 to 2.9% for frequency and from 1.6 to 8.8% for damping, indicating that the use of high-speed videos can be an alternative to evaluate the dynamic properties of TLD systems

Use of Neural network to predict the peak ground accelerations and pseudo spectral accelerations for Mexican Inslab and Interplate Earthquakes

El uso de redes neuronales artificiales es explorado para predecir aceleraciones máximas del terreno y pseudoaceleraciones para sismos de tipo intraslabe interplaca. Un total de 277 y 418 registros sísmicos de dos componentes para sismos de intraslabe interplaca, respectivamente, son usados para entrenar los modelos de las redes neuronales artificiales con alimentación hacia adelante y con un algoritmo de aprendizaje de retroalimentación. Se consideran redes neuronales artificiales con una y dos capas ocultas. Con fines de comparación, valores de aceleración máxima del terreno y pseudoaceleración predichos con los modelos de las redes neuronales son comparados con los estimados mediante relaciones de atenuación o relaciones de movimiento fuerte. La comparación indica que los valores predichos, en general, siguen la tendencia de los valores obtenidos con las relaciones de movimiento fuerte. Sin embargo, se debe llevar a cabo una verificación extensa de los modelos entrenados antes que estos puedan emplearse en análisis de peligro y riesgo sísmico ya que, en ocasiones, los valores predichos no reflejan el comportamiento observado de los registros. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7169(14)71489-

Parametric Study of Stay Cables of a Bridge Under Simulated Spatially Correlated Turbulent Wind

Abstract The main objective of this work is to carry out a parametric study of stay cables of a bridge under simulated spatially correlated buffeting forces. This vibration mechanism is simulated with an Autoregressive and Moving Average (ARMA) model, and applied to mathematical models of the stay cables of the tallest cable-stayed bridge in Mexico. The use of auxiliary damping devices to mitigate vibration is evaluated. The analysis results showed that the use of a more realistic model to represent and characterize the variation in space and time of the fluctuating wind, which is not capture by the white noise or harmonic functions, is advantageous and offers a new alternative to evaluate the structural response of stay cables without and with dampers. The implications of the analyses results in the structural behavior of the stay cables of the bridge are discussed

CO Gas Sensing Properties of Pure and Cu-Incorporated SnO2 Nanoparticles: A Study of Cu-Induced Modifications

Pure and copper (Cu)-incorporated tin oxide (SnO2) pellet gas sensors with characteristics provoking gas sensitivity were fabricated and used for measuring carbon monoxide (CO) atmospheres. Non-spherical pure SnO2 nano-structures were prepared by using urea as the precipitation agent. The resultant SnO2 powders were ball milled and incorporated with a transition metal, Cu, via chemical synthesis method. The incorporation is confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis. By utilizing Cu-incorporated SnO2 pellets an increase in the CO sensitivity by an order of three, and a decrease in the response and recovery times by an order of two, were obtained. This improvement in the sensitivity is due to two factors that arise due to Cu incorporation: necks between the microparticles and stacking faults in the grains. These two factors increased the conductivity and oxygen adsorption, respectively, at the pellets’ surface of SnO2 which, in turn, raised the CO sensitivity