Diseño de una escala sobre percepción docente acerca de la deserción escolar en instituciones educativas de secundaria

La deserción escolar es la ausencia o abandono de los estudiantes a su entorno escolar, este es un fenómeno multicausal que abarca factores intrínsecos del individuo, así como otros factores sociales relacionados con sistemas familiares, económicos y educativos. El presente artículo describe el desarrollo de una escala sobre percepción docente acerca de la deserción escolar en instituciones educativas de secundaria a través de un estudio enfoque cuantitativo, psicométrico de corte transversal, 137 docentes respondieron la encuesta sobre percepción. Los análisis de confiabilidad muestran que la escala tiene un nivel aceptable (Alfa de Cronbach= 0,73) y los análisis factorial exploratorio mediante Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) = 0,779. La prueba de esfericidad de Barlett obtuvo un �� = 799,979 con gl= 120 y 2 un valor p= 0,000.School dropout is the absence or abandonment of students to their school environment, this is a multicausal phenomenon that encompasses intrinsic factors of the individual, as well as other social factors related to family, economic and educational systems. This article describes the development of a scale on teacher perception about school dropout in secondary educational institutions through a cross-sectional, quantitative, psychometric study, 137 teachers answered the survey on perception. The reliability analyzes show that the scale has an acceptable level (Cronbach's alpha = 0.73) and the exploratory factor analyzes using Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) = 0.779. The Bartlett test of sphericity obtained X ^ 2 = 799.979 with df = 120 and a p-value = 0.000

Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in southern regions of Colombia

Background: Recent reports suggest that by 2050 there will be an increase of around 310% of cases affected by dementia in Latin American countries. A previous study in a Southern region reported one of the highest prevalences of dementia in Latin America. It is important to explore current prevalence rates of dementia risk conditions such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methods: a cross-sectional study recruited a community-dwelling sample of 823 adults from rural and urban areas of two Southern provinces of Colombia from 2020-2022. Participants were assessed with a neuropsychological protocol validated in Colombia. To obtain general and region-specific prevalence rates, age, sex, schooling, and socioeconomic level were considered and controlled for. Results: Most of the participants reported low education and socioeconomic level, the participation of women was higher. It was determined that the prevalence of MCI was 53.6%, with 56.6% in the province of Caquetá followed by 51.9% in the province of Huila. The amnestic MCI represented 42.6%, the multidomain amnestic was 16.55%, and the non-amnestic was 1.81%. Our participants reported comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. We also observed a relationship between exposure to pesticides and MCI. Conclusion: We observed one of the highest prevalences of MCI in Latin America reported to date. Variables such as age, gender, and education proved risk factors for MCI in the explored regions. Our findings are very much in line with recent studies that highlight the influence of non-canonical risk factors of dementia in underrepresented countries from Latin America