La autoficción en El viaje, de Sergio Pitol

41 páginas. Especialización en Literatura Mexicana del Siglo XX.El presente trabajo indaga en la obra ensayística de Sergio Pitol, concretamente a partir de El viaje, para situar su posición literaria y estética dentro del esquema convencional de los géneros literarios. Para ello establece una relación intertextual e intratextual con su propia ficción narrativa, en este caso, a partir de la novela Domar a la divina garza. En este sentido se discute la hibridez genérica en su obra ensayística, a la par de abrir la polémica sobre los límites y lindes entre géneros como la novela y el ensayo, para lo cual retoma convenciones discursivas propias de los géneros autobiográficos, tales como las memorias o el diario. A partir de los cuales construye una propuesta significativa para el panorama literario actual, puesto que autores contemporáneos retoman sus indagaciones y hallazgos para incorporarlos en su propia obra. De este modo, los conceptos autobiografía, autoficción, figuraciones del Yo, intertextualidad, intratextualidad, parodia e ironía son centrales para esta lectura de la obra de Sergio Pitol.Esta investigación recibió el apoyo del Programa Nacional de Posgrados de Calidad del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT

Gut Microbiota Composition Can Predict Colonization by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in SARS-CoV-2 Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Study

The SARS-CoV-2 infection has increased the number of patients entering Intensive Care Unit (ICU) facilities and antibiotic treatments. Concurrently, the multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDRB) colonization index has risen. Considering that most of these bacteria are derived from gut microbiota, the study of its composition is essential. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 infection may promote gut dysbiosis, suggesting an effect on microbiota composition. This pilot study aims to determine bacteria biomarkers to predict MDRB colonization risk in SARS-CoV-2 patients in ICUs. Seventeen adult patients with an ICU stay >48 h and who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study. Patients were assigned to two groups according to routine MDRB colonization surveillance: non-colonized and colonized. Stool samples were collected when entering ICUs, and microbiota composition was determined through Next Generation Sequencing techniques. Gut microbiota from colonized patients presented significantly lower bacterial diversity compared with non-colonized patients (p < 0.05). Microbiota in colonized subjects showed higher abundance of Anaerococcus, Dialister and Peptoniphilus, while higher levels of Enterococcus, Ochrobactrum and Staphylococcus were found in non-colonized ones. Moreover, LEfSe analysis suggests an initial detection of Dialister propionicifaciens as a biomarker of MDRB colonization risk. This pilot study shows that gut microbiota profile can become a predictor biomarker for MDRB colonization in SARS-CoV-2 patients.Junta de Andalucía (CTS 164; CV20-77708)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/01058; PI20/01447Fundación Andaluza de Farmacia Hospitalaria” (3095/2020)

Loneliness and Psychosocial Resources among Indigenous and Afro-Descendant Older People in Rural Areas of Chile

(1) Background: loneliness is a problem that becomes increasingly acute in old age, with greater repercussions among socially disadvantaged groups such as indigenous and Afro-descendant older adults. The aim of this research is to analyze the psychosocial variables related to loneliness in old age. (2) Methods: a multi-ethnic sample was involved, with the participation of eight indigenous peoples and Afro-descendant tribal people (n = 1.348). Various gerontological scales previously validated among the Chilean population (De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, Brief Resilient Coping Scale, Health Problems Questionnaire, and Family APGAR questionnaire) and a model are contrasted, establishing the relationship between psychosocial variables and loneliness. (3) Results: Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed the existence of indirect relationships between health problems, via family functioning and resilience, and loneliness. Resilience and family functioning were directly related to loneliness (WLSMV-χ2 (df = 345) = 875.106, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.992; TLI = 0.991; RMSEA = 0.034 [C.I. 90% = 0.031–0.037]). (4) Conclusions: loneliness has cross-culturally affected older Chilean people living in rural areas and it appears that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on well-being. This study proves that loneliness is related to several psychosocial variables that can be intervened.Fac. de Trabajo SocialTRUEAgencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID, Chile) FONDECYT Regularpu

Elaboración de un folleto ilustrado para fomentar la cultura y tradición de las fiestas del príncipe San Miguel, patrono del cantón Salcedo provincia de Cotopaxi durante el periodo 2016

The reason of this project is a source of support to strengthen information of the history and religion of “Principe San Miguel”, since this was a historical and transcendental event. As they mark the first celebration, they did it with Mr. Juan Clavijo, who chose on September 29, 1573 to found the town of “San Miguel de Molleambato”. The most important of this celebration is the Eucharist, there, the votary are grateful to Principe San Miguel for the favors granted, further in this celebrated known rites are performed, such as sung mass, to this ceremony assist priests from different parts, this Eucharist go on for two hour. The project to be developed with the purpose to make known this tradition., while encouraging the citizenry to appreciate the importance of this representative icon by a digital and print support as well as promote awareness of this historical figure, at the same time while promoting religious values in the inhabitants to have notion of who was el “Principe San Miguel”. Making of an illustrated booklet helps identify the characters that make up this religious festival. We as designers arises a creative and innovative proposal, to share the history with the rest of the community.La razón de este proyecto es presentar una fuente de apoyo que fortalezca la información de la historia y religión del Príncipe San Miguel, pues éste fue un hecho histórico y trascendental. Al conmemorar la primera fiesta, la hicieron con el Señor Juan Clavijo, quien eligió el 29 de septiembre de 1573 para fundar el pueblo de “San Miguel de Molleambato”. Lo más importante de esta celebración es la Eucaristía, los devotos agradecen al Príncipe San Miguel por los favores concedidos, además en esta fiesta se realizan ritos conocidos como misa cantada, a esta ceremonia asisten sacerdotes de distintas partes, la misa dura alrededor de dos horas. El proyecto a realizar, tuvo como finalidad dar a conocer esta tradición, a la vez incentivar a la ciudadanía a apreciar la importancia de este icono representativo por medio de un soporte digital e impreso, para promover el conocimiento de este personaje histórico y al mismo tiempo fomentar los valores religiosos en los habitantes para que tengan noción de quien fue el Príncipe San Miguel. La elaboración de un folleto ilustrado contribuyó a identificar a los personajes que componen esta fiesta religiosa. Como diseñadores se planteó una propuesta creativa e innovadora a manera de un folleto ilustrado para la comunidad

Propuesta de mejora en las áreas de producción y logística para reducir los costos en la empresa Molino El Cortijo S. A. C. – Trujillo

RESUMEN La presente tesis consiste en una propuesta de mejora en las áreas de producción y logística en la empresa Molino el cortijo S.A.C. que tiene como objeto reducir los costos de esta. Para lo cual se realizó un diagnóstico de la empresa y posteriormente se utilizaron métodos de ingeniería como: mantenimiento preventivo, plan maestro de producción Layout de planta, método 5´S, Kardex y método ABC. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis económico para comprobar que el estudio realizado es viable para la empresa. Los resultados de los análisis realizados con las metodologías nos permitió reducir un total de S/. 36612.45 anuales. Los costos de almacén bajaron en un 4%, aumentaron las actividades productivas en un 13%, se logró reducir las paradas de máquina por mantenimiento correctivo, implementar control de inventarios, agilizar procesos de búsqueda y organizar los productos con una inversión que al año, nos permite llegar a obtener un Valor Actual Neto (VAN) de S/. 2851.19 nuevos soles y una Tasa Interna de Retorno del 25.38%.ABSTRACT This thesis is a proposal for improvement in the areas of production and logistics of Company Molino El Cortijo which aims to reduce the cost of this. For which a diagnosis of the company was held and subsequently engineering methods as were used: preventive maintenance, master production plant layout, 5S method, Kardex and ABC method plan. Subsequently an economic analysis was performed to verify that the study is viable for the company. The results of the analyzes performed with the methodologies allowed us to reduce S/. 36612.45 yearly. About the storage costs by 4%, increase productive activities by 13%, was reduced downtime machine for corrective maintenance, implement inventory control, streamline processes search and organize products with an investment that year, allows us to obtain a Net Present Value (NPV) of S/. 2851.19 soles and internal rate of return of 25.38%

Anti-Inflammatory and Chemopreventive Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lamarck) Leaf Extract in Experimental Colitis Models in Rodents

Inflammatory bowel diseases, mainly ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine. Currently several therapeutic strategies available to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Though, most treatments can be associated with serious adverse effects what justifies the search for new treatments. In this sense, we highlight the interest in herbal products rich in bioactive compounds which immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties as is the case of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Crassulaceae). This plant is used in traditional medicine in Brazil for treating inflammatory diseases. We hypothesized that hydroethanolic B. pinnatum leaf extract has intestinal anti-inflammatory effects on two experimental colitis models: 2.4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) in rats, and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Ultra-fast liquid chromatography method used for the quantification of the main compounds indicated good linearity, specificity, selectivity, precision, robustness and accuracy. The major flavonoids (mg/g of the extract) quantified were: quercetin 3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1!2)-a-L-rhamnopyranoside (35.56 ± 0.086 mg/g), kaempferol 3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1!2)-a-L-rhamnopyranoside (4.66 ± 0.076 mg/g) and quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (4.56 ± 0.026 mg/g). The results obtained in the DNBS and DSS models indicate that extract has both chemopreventive and antiinflammatory effects, observing a significant reduction in the disease activity index score, and less macroscopic and microscopic damage. The extract promoted downregulation of Tolllike receptor and kappa B p65 nuclear factor gene expression, leading to a reduction in pro-inflammatory and oxidative mediators, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules. This immunomodulatory property was proposed that one of the possible action mechanisms of extract. An improvement in intestinal damage was also associated with a reduction in oxidative stress and infiltration of leukocytes, as evidenced by the reduction in malonaldialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity and increase in total glutathione in the colonic tissue. Moreover, the extract improved the cytoarchitecture of the colonic tissue and the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier by restoring the expression of the proteins associated with mucosa protection. In view of the beneficial effects showed by the B. pinnatum leaf extract in preclinical rodent models of colitis there is the potential to conduct some future clinical studies to ensure safe and effective development of a phytotherapeutic treatment for human inflammatory bowel diseases.CAPESJunta de Andalucia CTS 164Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness AGL2015-67995-C3-3-REuropean Union (EU)Instituto de Salud Carlos II

Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Insights

This work was supported by the Junta de Andalucía (CTS 164) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/01058) with funds from the European Union.M.J. Rodríguez-Sojo is a predoctoral fellow from University of Granada (“Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina”); A.J. Ruiz-Malagón is a predoctoral fellow from Formación de Profesorado Universitario Program (“Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública”), and A. Rodríguez-Nogales is a postdoctoral fellow of Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Miguel Servet Program).Probiotics microorganisms exert their health-associated activities through some of the following general actions: competitive exclusion, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, production of bacteriocins, improvement of altered microbiota, and modulation of the immune response. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 has become one of the most promising probiotics and it has been described to possess potential beneficial effects on inflammatory processes and immunological alterations. Different studies, preclinical and clinical trials, have evidenced its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and elucidated the precise mechanisms of action involved in its beneficial effects. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the effect on host health, mechanisms, and future therapeutic approaches.Junta de Andalucia CTS 164Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI19/01058European Commissio

Gasto público en educación y su impacto en el trabajo infantil en Cajamarca y Huancavelica

Objective: Determine the impact of public spending on education on child labor in Cajamarca and Huancavelica, 2012-2020 period. Method: The research was of a quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional type; with an explanatory scope; the population was based on the data from the statistical series of public spending on education for both primary and secondary education along with the rate of boys, girls and teenagers in the departments of Cajamarca and Huancavelica, which were obtained from the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics and the platform of Educational Quality Statistics (Peru’s Ministry of Education). Results: The impact of total spending on education in soles per student is less than 0,0078%; being clear when the economic theory of education coincides with the statistical and econometric evidence found with the fixed effects method. It is evidenced that Huancavelica has adverse conditions to the economic well-being, since it has its own characteristics that increase the level of child labor, unlike Cajamarca. Conclusion: Public spending on education for both primary and secondary levels have a negative impact on child labor.Objetivo: Determinar el impacto del gasto público en educación en el trabajo infantil en Cajamarca y Huancavelica, periodo 2012-2020. Método: La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativo no experimental y transversal, de alcance explicativo. La población estuvo compuesta por los datos de las series estadísticas del gasto público en educación, tanto para primaria y secundaria, y por la tasa de niños, niñas y adolescentes de los departamentos de Cajamarca y Huancavelica, los cuales fueron obtenidos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática y de la plataforma de Estadística de Calidad Educativa (Ministerio de Educación). Resultados: El impacto del gasto total, en soles, en educación por alumno es menos de 0,0078%, siendo claro al coincidir la teoría económica de educación con la evidencia estadística y econométrica hallada con el método de efectos fijos. Se evidencia que Huancavelica posee condiciones adversas al bienestar económico, puesto que tiene características propias que aumentan el nivel de trabajo infantil a diferencia de Cajamarca. Conclusión: El gasto público en educación tanto para el nivel primario como secundario tiene un impacto negativo en el trabajo infantil

Deliverología en la capacidad de cumplimiento en la atención prioritaria del área crítica Río Santiago

La investigación tiene como objetivo principal evaluar los factores que han limitado la eficacia de la intervención interinstitucional que articula, monitorea y evalúa el Consejo Nacional de Fronteras e Integración Fronteriza (Conadif) en el área crítica de frontera del río Santiago, de la provincia de Condorcanqui, departamento de Amazonas, durante el periodo 2013-2017, y que sirvan de base para la determinación de una propuesta de mejora de la intervención interinstitucional mediante la articulación gubernamental que establece la deliverología. En ese sentido, el estudio generó tres aportes importantes: el diagnóstico cuantitativo de dicha intervención, su evaluación metodológica y sus propuestas de mejora a la luz de la deliverología. La justificación principal de la investigación se centra en el hecho de que recientemente fueron incorporadas nuevas competencias a este organismo sin considerar una evaluación a su desempeño como articulador. En efecto, las disposiciones del Poder Ejecutivo del primer semestre de 2018 relacionadas con la implementación de la política nacional de desarrollo e integración fronteriza no solo buscan potenciar las competencias originales del Conadif, otorgadas cinco años atrás, sino también le incorporan otras nuevas mediante la definición de acciones de atención prioritaria para las áreas críticas de frontera

Novel Horizons in Postbiotics: Lactobacillaceae Extracellular Vesicles and Their Applications in Health and Disease

Lactobacillus probiotics contained in dietary supplements or functional foods are wellknown for their beneficial properties exerted on host health and diverse pathological situations. Their capacity to improve inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and regulate the immune system is especially remarkable. Although bacteria–host interactions have been thought to occur directly, the key role that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from probiotics play on this point is being unveiled. EVs are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles that carry a wide range of cargo compounds and act in different signalling pathways. Notably, these EVs have been recently proposed as a safe alternative to the utilisation of live bacteria since they can avoid the possible risks that probiotics may entail in vulnerable cases such as immunocompromised patients. Therefore, this review aims to give an updated overview of the existing knowledge about EVs from different Lactobacillus strains, their mechanisms and effects in host health and different pathological conditions. All of the information collected suggests that EVs could be considered as potential tools for the development of future novel therapeutic approaches.Junta de Andalucia CTS 164 PY20_01157Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI19/01058 European Commissio