Morphology, Myxocarpy, Mineral Content And İn Vitro Antimicrobial And Antiproliferative Activities Of Mericarps Of The Vulnerable Turkish Endemic Salvia Pilifera

Salvia L., the largest genus of the family Lamiaceae, is composed of many well-known plants of medicinal value. This study provides the first data on micromorphology, myxocarpy, mineral content and in vitro antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of mericarps of Salvia pilifera, considered to be a vulnerable endemic species from Turkey. The macro-and micromorphological mericarp traits were documented and illustrated via stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Mineral content of mericarps was analyzed using ICP-MS. Ethanol extract of mericarps was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata using broth microdilution method. Antimycobacterial activity was performed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using resazurin microtiter plate method. Ampicillin, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, and Fluconazole were chosen as reference drugs. Antiproliferative effect of the extract was tested against A549 human lung cancer cell lines using MTT test. The size of the mericarps was 4.38±0.17 mm in length and 3.28±0.13 mm in width. The general shape was elliptic to widely elliptic. The abscission scar was nearly rounded. The ornamentation pattern of the surface was colliculate with polygonal exocarp cells. Myxocarpy was observed on the surface of the mericarps when they become hydrated. Transparent mucilaginous cells showed a moderate reaction with extensions more than 0.1 mm long. Potassium and calcium were determined as major minerals (80.662±0.234 and 41.892±0.399 µg/g, respectively). The extract showed greater antibacterial activity against A. baumannii compared to Ampicillin (62.5 and 125 µg/mL MIC values, respectively). Cell viability level of the extract (100 ?g/mL) was found to be statistically lower than control group against A549 human lung cancer cell lines (P<0.05). © 2019 Marmara University Press.Afyon Kocatepe ÜniversitesiWe offer grateful thanks to Lecturer Serhat T?k?z at The Technology Application and Research Centre (TUAM), Afyon Kocatepe University (Afyonkarahisar, Turkey) for taking excellent SEM micrographs; Dr. Erkan Halay at Scientific Analysis and Technological Research and Application Center (UBATAM), Usak University (Usak, Turkey) for ICP analysis

Wound Healing Properties, Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Salvia Kronenburgii Rech. F. And Salvia Euphratica Montbret, Aucher & Rech. F. Var. Euphratica On Excision And Incision Wound Models In Diabetic Rats

PubMed ID: 30841440Diabetic patients suffer from persistent and non-healing wounds. Salvia species are traditionally used for the treatment of wounds and colds. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the in vivo wound healing potential, in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the aerial parts of two endemic taxa, Salvia kronenburgii Rech. f. (SK) and Salvia euphratica Montbret, Aucher &amp; Rech. f. var. euphratica (SE). Two different concentrations (0.5% and 1% (w/w)) of ethanol extracts were investigated in incision and excision wound models on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using biomechanical, biochemical, histopathological, macroscopic, and genotoxic methods for 7 and 14 days. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis using the broth microdilution and the resazurin microtiter assay plate methods. Fito ® , Ampicillin, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, and Fluconazole were used as reference drugs. Antioxidant capacities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of both extracts were detected using DPPH free radical scavenging assay, Folin-Ciocalteu, and Al(NO 3 ) 3 methods, respectively. SK ointment at 0.5% and 1% (w/w) concentrations and SE ointment at 1% (w/w) concentration showed 99.9%, 99.5%, and 99.7% contraction, respectively for excision wounds, and SK and SE ointments at 1% (w/w) concentration showed 99.4% and 99.2% contraction for incision wounds while Fito ® showed 98.9% and 98.5% contraction, respectively. Increased re-epithelialization (P &lt; 0.01 and P &lt; 0.001), angiogenesis, and decreased dermal inflammation (P &lt; 0.001) were determined for SK and SE ointments at both 7 and 14 days. SE ointment on day 7 and SK ointment on day 14 reduced oxidative damage to DNA when compared to control (P &lt; 0.01 and P &lt; 0.001). Both tested plants had greater antibacterial activity against A. baumannii (62.5 ?g/mL MIC value) and SE had greater antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis (0.24 ?g/mL MIC value) when compared to reference drugs Ampicillin, Isoniazid, and Ethambutol (125, 0.97, and 1.95 ?g/mL MIC values, respectively). Antioxidant capacities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of SE and SK were 87.08%, 76.21 ?g GAE/mg, 43.43 ?g QE/mg and 72.17%, 41.81 ?g GAE/mg, 33.62 ?g QE/mg, respectively. SK and SE had strong wound healing effects while SK found to be more effective than SE at both 7 and 14 days. © 201