The bulge-disk orthogonal decoupling in galaxies: NGC 4698 and NGC 4672

We report the case of the geometrical and kinematical decoupling between the bulge and the disk of the Sa galaxy NGC 4698. The R-band isophotal map of this spiral shows that the bulge structure is elongated perpendicularly to the major axis of the disk. At the same time a central stellar velocity gradient is found along the major axis of the bulge. We also present the Sa NGC 4672 as good candidate of a spiral hosting a bulge and a disk orthogonally decoupled with respect to one other. This decoupling of the two fundamental components of a visible galaxy suggests that the disk could represent a second event in the history of early-type spirals.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures (LaTeX, cupconf.sty). To appear in "The Formation of Bulges" C. M. Carollo, H. C. Ferguson, R. F. G. Wyse (eds.), Cambridge University Pres

Mixed Early and Late-Type Properties in the Bar of NGC 6221: Evidence for Evolution along the Hubble Sequence?

Rotation curves and velocity dispersion profiles are presented for both the stellar and gaseous components along five different position angles (P.A.=5, 50, 95, 125 and 155 degrees) of the nearby barred spiral NGC 6221. The observed kinematics extends out to about 80" from the nucleus. Narrow and broad-band imaging is also presented. The radial profiles of the fluxes ratio [NII]/Halpha reveal the presence of a ring-like structure of ionized gas, with a radius of about 9" and a deprojected circular velocity of about 280 km/s. The analysis of the dynamics of the bar indicates this ring is related to the presence of an inner Lindblad resonance (ILR) at 1.3 kpc. NGC6221 is found to exhibit intermediate properties between those of the early-type barred galaxies: the presence of a gaseous ring at an ILR, the bar edge located between the ILR's and the corotation radius beyond the steep rising portion of the rotation curve, the dust-lane pattern, and those of the late-type galaxies: an almost exponential surface brightness profile, the presence of Halpha regions along all the bar, the spiral-arm pattern. It is consistent with scenarios of bar-induced evolution from later to earlier-type galaxies.Comment: 1 File ds7406.tar.gz which contains: one latex file (ds7406.tex), and 10 encsulated postscript figures (ds7406f**.eps). To be compiled with aa-l latex2e macro style. To be published in A&A Sup. Serie

Halide abstraction competes with oxidative addition in the reactions of aryl halides with [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))4]

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used to study the oxidative addition of aryl halides to complexes of the type [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))4], revealing the crucial role of an open shell singlet transition state for halide abstraction. The formation of NiI versus NiII has been rationalised through the study of three different pathways: (i) halide abstraction by [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))3], via an open shell singlet transition state; (ii) SN2-type oxidative addition to [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))3], followed by phosphine dissociation; and (iii) oxidative addition to [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))2]. For the case of [Ni(PMe3)4], a microkinetic model was used to show that these data are consistent with the experimentally-observed ratios of NiI and NiII. Importantly, [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))2] complexes often have little if any role in the oxidative addition reaction because they are relatively high in energy. The behaviour of [Ni(PR3)4] complexes in catalysis is therefore likely to differ considerably from those based on diphosphine ligands in which two coordinate Ni0 complexes are the key species undergoing oxidative addition

Circumnuclear Keplerian Disks in Galaxies

In this paper we demonstrate the possibility of inferring the presence of Keplerian gaseous disks using optical ground-based telescopes properly equipped. We have modeled the peculiar bidimensional shape of the emission lines in a sample of five S0-Sa galaxies as due to the motion of a gaseous disk rotating in the combined potential of a central point-like mass and of an extended stellar disk. The value of the central mass concentration estimated for four galaxies of the sample (NGC 2179, NGC 4343, NGC 4435 and NGC 4459) is ~10^9 Msolar. For the remaining galaxy NGC 5064 an upper limit of 5*10^7 Msolar is estimated.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, with 3 PostScript figures, Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal Letter

Diferenciación de clases de ocupación del suelo según su multiangularidad

Desde los años 70 se conoce que la reflectancia de las distintas ocupaciones del suelo varía según los ángulos de observación e iluminación, es decir, las cubiertas son anisotrópicas. Por tanto, la geometría de captación es un condicionante importante a tener en cuenta a la hora de analizar las imágenes captadas, pero al mismo tiempo se podría aprovechar lo que tal anisotropía nos infiere. A este respecto, existen varios trabajos que hablan de la capacidad de estimar características estructurales de la vegetación y caracterizar distintas ocupaciones del suelo, utilizando variables multiangulares. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la posibilidad en primera instancia, de poder diferenciar distintas ocupaciones del suelo a partir de la información multiangular que nos proporciona el sensor Multi Angle Spectro Radiometer (MISR) a bordo del satélite TERRA.Para ello se ha trabajado con el producto elaborado MISR L2 Land Surface de 1.1 km de pixel, que proporciona los parámetros ρ, Θ y k para cuatro bandas, azul, verde, rojo e infrarrojo cercano, del modelo RPV, un modelo semiempírico de factor de reflectancia bidireccional (BRF). Los datos utilizados son de fecha 21/7/2005, para píxeles puros de CORINE Land Cover 2006 de la España peninsular. Los resultados muestran que las clases agrícolas tienen medias significativamente más bajas para el parámetro ρ y más altas para los parámetros Θ y k que las clases forestales para todas las bandas. Tales resultados invitan a pensar que la multiangularidad puede ayudar a la hora de mejorar las clasificaciones de imágenes y determinar estructuras en las ocupaciones del suelo