Steering bends and changing lanes: the impact of optic flow and road edges on two point steering control

Successful driving involves steering corrections that respond to immediate positional errors whilst also anticipating upcoming changes to the road layout ahead. In popular steering models these tasks are often treated as separate functions using two points: the near region for correcting current errors, and the far region for anticipating future steering requirements. Whilst two-point control models can capture many aspects of driver behaviour, the nature of perceptual inputs to these two ‘points’ remains unclear. Inspired by experiments that solely focused on road-edge information (Land & Horwood, 1995), two-point models have tended to ignore the role of optic flow during steering control. There is recent evidence demonstrating that optic flow should be considered within two-point control steering models (Mole et al., 2016). To examine the impact of optic flow and road edges on two-point steering control we used a driving simulator to selectively and systematically manipulate these components. We removed flow and/or road-edge information from near or far regions of the scene, and examined how behaviours changed when steering along roads where the utility of far-road information varied. Whilst steering behaviours were strongly influenced by the road-edges, there were also clear contributions of optic flow to steering responses. The patterns of steering were not consistent with optic flow simply feeding into two-point control, rather the global optic flow field appeared to support effective steering responses across the time-course of each trajectory

テキオウ セイギョ リロン ト ソノ オウヨウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

京都大学0048新制・論文博士博士(情報学)乙第10697号論情博第15号新制||情||9(附属図書館)UT51-2001-F495(主査)教授 足立 紀彦, 教授 山本 裕, 教授 杉江 俊治学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of InformaticsKyoto UniversityDA

Comparative Analysis of Depth Detection Algorithms using Stereo Vision

In recent years, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in various domains has increased exponentially. Drones are being extensively used in the fields of Agriculture, Transportation, military, etc. Different sensors are being integrated into the drones depending upon the application. Lately, LIDAR sensors are being integrated on the drone for acquiring depth-related information. Though these sensors have advantages, they are very costly and do not perform very well under high sun angles. Stereo cameras can be mounted on drones to get depth perception of the obstacles as they are cheaper and efficient. In this paper, we have developed and compared two different algorithms ( Conventional and deep learning-based) for realtime depth detection of the obstacle using stereo vision with the intention to mount the stereo camera on drone in future. The comparison is based on accuracy, range of operation and load incurred by the algorithm on the system. The coefficient of determination (R 2) and correlation coefficient has also been calculated which shows that Algorithm1 exhibits correlation and R 2 value of 0:9985 and 0:9971 respectively. This is considerably higher than Algorithm2 whose values are around 0:8779 and 0:7707 respectively

Inducible expression of microRNA-194 is regulated by HNF-1α during intestinal epithelial cell differentiation

Maintenance of the intestinal epithelium is based on well-balanced molecular mechanisms that confer the stable and continuous supply of specialized epithelial cell lineages from multipotent progenitors. Lineage commitment decisions in the intestinal epithelium system involve multiple regulatory systems that interplay with each other to establish the cellular identities. Here, we demonstrate that the microRNA system could be involved in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation, and that microRNA-194 (miR-194) is highly induced during this process. To investigate this inducible expression mechanism, we identified the genomic structure of the miR-194-2, -192 gene, one of the inducible class of miR-194 parental genes. Furthermore, we identified its transcriptional regulatory region that contains a consensus-binding motif for hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1α), which is well known as a transcription factor to regulate gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells. By chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and luciferase reporter analysis, we revealed that pri-miR-194-2 expression is controlled by HNF-1α, and its consensus binding region is required for the transcription of pri-miR-194-2 in vivo in an intestinal epithelial cell line, Caco-2. Our observations indicate that microRNA genes could be targets of lineage-specific transcription factors and that microRNAs are regulated by a tissue-specific manner in the intestinal epithelium. Therefore, our work suggests that induced expression of these microRNAs have important roles in intestinal epithelium maturation

Age‐related changes in blood pressure and heart rates of patients with Parkinson's disease

Abstract This study evaluated yearly changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rates (HR) for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Data were collected for the last 10 years from medical records of 28 PD patients and 30 non‐PD patients with other neurological disorders. Age‐related changes in each group were analyzed by year using mean values of SBP, DBP, and HR obtained at their bi‐monthly visits. In results, PD patients had a gradual decrease in SBP with longer disease duration, and mean SBP significantly decreased from Year 7–11 compared to the mean values for Year 1 (p < .001 or p < .01). In non‐PD patients, mean SBP significantly increased from Year 4–11 compared to the mean values for Year 1 (p < .001 or p < .01). This is the first study to report age‐related changes of BP in individual patients with PD over 10 years