The Effects of Non-Local Interactions in Rare B Decays, B -> X_s l^+l^-

The effects of non-local interactions in rare B decays, \Bsll, are investigated. We show the correlation between the branching ratio and the forward-backward asymmetry via two coefficients of the non-local interactions. This will certainly help us find any deviations from the standard model through the non-local interactions.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, Accepted for IJMP

Establishment of porcine pulp-derived cell lines and expression of recombinant dentin sialoprotein and recombinant dentin matrix protein-1

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72436/1/j.1600-0722.2007.00426.x.pd

CP Asymmetry of B→Xsl+l−B\to X_sl^+l^- in Low Invariant Mass Region

I analyzed the CP asymmetry of $B\to X_sl^+l^-$ based on model-independent analysis which includes twelve independent four Fermi operators. The CP asymmetry is suppressed in the Standard Model, however, if some new physics make it much larger, the present or the next generation B factories may catch the CP violation in this decay mode. In this paper, we studied the correlation of the asymmetry and the branching ratio, and then we will find only a type of interactions can be enlarge the asymmetry. Therefore, in comparison with experiments, we have possibility that we can constrain models beyond the standard model.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, Accepted for Physical Review

How do enamelysin and kallikrein 4 process the 32-kDa enamelin?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74876/1/j.1600-0722.2006.00281.x.pd

New physics effects to the lepton polarizations in the B -> K l^+ l^- decay

Using the general, model independent form of the effective Hamiltonian, the general expressions of the longitudinal, normal and transversal polarization asymmetries for (l^-) and (l^+) and combinations of them for the exclusive (B -> K l^+ l^-) decay are found. The sensitivity of lepton polarizations and their combinations on new Wilson coefficients are studied. It is found that there exist regions of Wilson coefficients for which the branching ratio coincides with the Standard Model result while the lepton polarizations differ substantially from the standard model prediction. Hence, studying lepton polarization in these regions of new Wilson coefficients can serve as a promising tool for establishing new physics beyond the Standard Model.Comment: 18 pp, 14 figures (postscript formatted), LaTex formatte

Analysis of Neutral Higgs-Boson Contributions to the Decays B_s -> l^+l^- and B -> K l^+l^-

We report on a calculation of Higgs-boson contributions to the decays B_s -> l^+l^- and B -> K l^+l^- (l=e, mu) which are governed by the effective Hamiltonian describing b -> s l^+ l^-. Compact formulae for the Wilson coefficients are provided in the context of the type-II two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) and supersymmetry (SUSY) with minimal flavour violation, focusing on the case of large tan(beta). We derive, in a model-independent way, constraints on Higgs-boson-mediated interactions, using present experimental results on rare B decays including b -> s gamma, B_s -> mu^+ mu^-, and B -> K^(*) mu^+ mu^-. In particular, we assess the impact of possible scalar and pseudoscalar interactions transcending the standard model (SM) on the branching ratio of B_s -> mu^+ mu^- and the forward-backward (FB) asymmetry of mu^- in B -> K mu^+ mu^- decay. We find that the average FB asymmetry, which is unobservably small within the SM, and therefore a potentially valuable tool to search for new physics, is predicted to be no greater than 4% for a nominal branching ratio of about 6x10^{-7}. Moreover, striking effects on the decay spectrum of B -> K mu^+ mu^- are already ruled out by experimental data on the B_s -> mu^+ mu^- branching fraction. In addition, we study the constraints on the parameter space of the 2HDM and SUSY with minimal flavour violation. While the type-II 2HDM does not give any sizable contributions to the above decay modes, we find that SUSY contributions obeying the constraint on b -> s gamma can affect significantly the branching ratio of B_s -> mu^+ mu^-. We also comment on previous calculations contained in the literature.Comment: 29 pages, REVTeX, 8 figures. Minor corrections in Eqs. (5.4), (5.11) and (6.3) of the published versio

Amelioration of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in hamsters by dietary supplementation with taurine and niacin: biochemical mechanisms.

Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BL) involves an excess production of reactive oxygen species, unavailability of adequate levels of NAD and ATP to repair the injured pulmonary epithelium, and an overexuberant lung collagen reactivity followed by deposition of highly cross-linked mature collagen fibrils resistant to enzymatic degradation. In the present study, we have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with taurine and niacin offered almost complete protection against the lung fibrosis in a multidose BL hamster model. The mechanisms for the protective effect of taurine and niacin are multifaceted. These include the ability of taurine to scavenge HOCl and stabilize the biomembrane; niacin's ability to replenish the BL-induced depletion of NAD and ATP; and the combined effect of taurine and niacin to suppress all aspects of BL-induced increases in the lung collagen reactivity, a hallmark of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. It was concluded from the data presented at this Conference that the combined treatment with taurine and niacin, which offers a multipronged approach, will have great therapeutic potential in the intervention of the development of chemically induced interstitial lung fibrosis in animals and humans

Non-simply-laced Lie algebras via F theory strings

In order to describe the appearance in F theory of the non--simply--laced Lie algebras, we use the representation of symmetry enhancements by means of string junctions. After an introduction to the techniques used to describe symmetry enhancement, that is algebraic geometry, BPS states analysis and string junctions, we concentrate on the latter. We give an explicit description of the folding of D_{2n} to B_n of the folding of E_6 to F_4 and that of D_4 to G_2 in terms of junctions and Jordan strings. We also discuss the case of C_n, but we are unable in this case to provide a string interpretation.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figure

Exclusive semileptonic rare decays B−>(B ->_ (K,K^*) \ell^+ \ell^- in supersymmetric theories

The invariant mass spectrum, forward-backward asymmetry, and lepton polarizations of the exclusive processes $B\to K(K^*)\ell^+ \ell^-, \ell=\mu, \tau$ are analyzed under supersymmetric context. Special attention is paid to the effects of neutral Higgs bosons (NHBs). Our analysis shows that the branching ratio of the process \bkm can be quite largely modified by the effects of neutral Higgs bosons and the forward-backward asymmetry would not vanish. For the process \bksm, the lepton transverse polarization is quite sensitive to the effects of NHBs, while the invariant mass spectrum, forward-backward asymmetry, and lepton longitudinal polarization are not. For both \bkt and \bkst, the effects of NHBs are quite significant. The partial decay widths of these processes are also analyzed, and our analysis manifest that even taking into account the theoretical uncertainties in calculating weak form factors, the effects of NHBs could make SUSY shown up.Comment: Several references are added, typo are correcte

F-Theory and the Mordell-Weil Group of Elliptically-Fibered Calabi-Yau Threefolds

The Mordell-Weil group of an elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau threefold X contains information about the abelian sector of the six-dimensional theory obtained by compactifying F-theory on X. After examining features of the abelian anomaly coefficient matrix and U(1) charge quantization conditions of general F-theory vacua, we study Calabi-Yau threefolds with Mordell-Weil rank-one as a first step towards understanding the features of the Mordell-Weil group of threefolds in more detail. In particular, we generate an interesting class of F-theory models with U(1) gauge symmetry that have matter with both charges 1 and 2. The anomaly equations --- which relate the Neron-Tate height of a section to intersection numbers between the section and fibral rational curves of the manifold --- serve as an important tool in our analysis.Comment: 29 pages + appendices, 5 figures; v2: minor correction