Endothelial Dysfunction, Increased Arterial Stiffness, and Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: FMD‐J (Flow‐Mediated Dilation Japan) Study A

BackgroundThe usefulness of vascular function tests for management of patients with a history of coronary artery disease is not fully known.Methods and ResultsWe measured flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in 462 patients with coronary artery disease for assessment of the predictive value of FMD and baPWV for future cardiovascular events in a prospective multicenter observational study. The first primary outcome was coronary events, and the second primary outcome was a composite of coronary events, stroke, heart failure, and sudden death. During a median follow‐up period of 49.2 months, the first primary outcome occurred in 56 patients and the second primary outcome occurred in 66 patients. FMD above the cutoff value of 7.1%, derived from receiver‐operator curve analyses for the first and second primary outcomes, was significantly associated with lower risk of the first (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.06–0.74; P=0.008) and second (hazard ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.79; P=0.01) primary outcomes. baPWV above the cutoff value of 1731 cm/s was significantly associated with higher risk of the first (hazard ratio, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–3.44; P=0.04) and second (hazard ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–3.90; P=0.008) primary outcomes. Among 4 groups stratified according to the combination of cutoff values of FMD and baPWV, stepwise increases in the calculated risk ratio for the first and second primary outcomes were observed.ConclusionsIn patients with coronary artery disease, both FMD and baPWV were significant predictors of cardiovascular events. The combination of FMD and baPWV provided further cardiovascular risk stratification

FMD, PWV, and Cardiovascular Events

Background The usefulness of vascular function tests for management of patients with a history of coronary artery disease is not fully known. Methods and Results We measured flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in 462 patients with coronary artery disease for assessment of the predictive value of FMD and baPWV for future cardiovascular events in a prospective multicenter observational study. The first primary outcome was coronary events, and the second primary outcome was a composite of coronary events, stroke, heart failure, and sudden death. During a median follow‐up period of 49.2 months, the first primary outcome occurred in 56 patients and the second primary outcome occurred in 66 patients. FMD above the cutoff value of 7.1%, derived from receiver‐operator curve analyses for the first and second primary outcomes, was significantly associated with lower risk of the first (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.06–0.74; P=0.008) and second (hazard ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.79; P=0.01) primary outcomes. baPWV above the cutoff value of 1731 cm/s was significantly associated with higher risk of the first (hazard ratio, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–3.44; P=0.04) and second (hazard ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–3.90; P=0.008) primary outcomes. Among 4 groups stratified according to the combination of cutoff values of FMD and baPWV, stepwise increases in the calculated risk ratio for the first and second primary outcomes were observed. Conclusions In patients with coronary artery disease, both FMD and baPWV were significant predictors of cardiovascular events. The combination of FMD and baPWV provided further cardiovascular risk stratification

コメデンプンの糊化に及ぼす香辛料の影響

　The effects of saffron and turmeric on the gelatinization of rice starch were investigated. Flours made from Japonica and Indica rice were heated in solutions of saffron and turmeric extract. In the case of Japonica, the solubility and swelling power during the gelatinization of rice starch heated at 90℃ were suppressed by the addition of saffron and turmeric. On the other hand, the solubility was suppressed only slightly by the addition of turmeric in the case of Indica.　The swelling power of Indica starch was low compared with that of Japonica. The swelling power of Japonica starches was suppressed by the addition of saffron, while that of Indica was not affected by the addition of both spices.　These results showed that the gelatinization of starches in Japonica was affected by the addition of saffron and turmeric in comparison with that of Indica

クワイ ノ セイアン テキセイ ノ ケントウ

　This research investigated the suitability of arrowhead as a raw material for an, paste used as a filling in Japanese-style confections. Examination under a microscope showed that the arrowhead cells separated during the manufacturing process. The proportion of starch solubilized by treatment with amylase for unsweetened an of arrowhead was about 12.3%, which was higher than those of azuki beans(5.9%). The sensory evaluation scored both sweetened and unsweetened arrowhead an as inferior to the azuki product.　It was concluded that it is possible to use arrowhead as the raw material for the production of an, but some adjustments to the manufacturing process was necessary

夜間勤務者の食生活に関する実態調査

The number of people with nighttime work in the service and other industries is believed to have increased in recent years. Therefore, a study was done of their dietary habits with nighttime work defined as regular employment shifts, not overtime work, beginning at 20:00. The subjects studied worked an average of 7.3 hours a night. A large percentage of these people admitted to irregular dietary habits compared to persons who do not work at night. The following tendencies were recognized the more frequently nighttime work was performed: (1) a high percentage ate out or took out meals, (2) subjects consumed large amounts of alcohol before sleeping and drank alcohol on many days, and (3) subjects smoked a lot. From these findings, the impact of nighttime work on health is alarming because of, in addition to the irregular physical rhythm, there are the compounding factors of irregular eating habits, high alcohol consumption and smoking

ケンコウ ニ イイ アブラ ワ オイシイ ノカ キノウセイ オ ユウスル アブラ ノ ブッセイ ニ ツイテ

The physical property of edible oils which are claimed to be good for health was examined. Compared with viscosity of salad oils with no particular health claims, those of the healthy oils were high. The viscosity of edible oils affected food palatability. So it was suggested that the taste of healty oils were different from those of salada oils. The healthy oils were also higher in polar compounds, but this did not appear to be a useful measure of their suitability for deep-frying. The results indicated that suitable recipes need to developed for healthy edible oils