Examination of Issues and Future Roles of School Counselors in Terms of Recognition and the Image of School Counselors － Support for Children Who Have Difficulty in Requesting Assistance －

The purpose of this survey is to examine the feelings of students who did not receive counseling and the support they need. The survey revealed that more than half of the students answered “don't know SC” or “no SC” if they had a school counselor（SC）, and 75％ of them had never been involved with a SC. The factors that inhibit students from requesting assistance from SCs are “lack of information about SCs and their use,” “lack of opportunities to get involved, and “ the threat to self-esteem.” In order to increase the ability of students to request assistance, it is necessary to increase opportunities for SCs to naturally get involved with students. In the future, it is expected to be effective to improve the mental health of students if SC activities are conducted with an awareness of “fostering the ability of students to ask for help”.departmental bulletin pape

Communication and Timidity in The Zoo Story

Edward Albee made his debut with The Zoo Story in 1951. There are only two characters in this play: Jerry and Peter. Jerry has a strong eagerness to “really talk; like to get to know somebody, know all about him”（Albee 19）, but he cannot communicate with the others. Jerry attempts to make Peter recognize the problem of superficial or manualized communication, which prevents people from ‘talking’ and makes them lonely, but Peter pretends not to notice it. This shows their different attitudes toward life which is restricted not only physically but also mentally by the biopower in modern society. This paper examines the biopolitical reading of The Zoo Story. The different recognition of life, especially bios and zoé, of Jerry and Peter reveals the loneliness caused by timidity in communicating which is common between Jerry and Peter even though they appear to be in contrast.departmental bulletin pape

Self-Governing Administration in the Federal Republic of Austria −The Municipalities（Gemeinden）and The Legal Representatives of Occupational Interests（Kammern）－ （２）

The Austrian Constitution, Bundes-Verfassungsgesetz（B-VG）, classifies the self-governing administration in Austria into Gemeinden - the territorial selfgoverning administration（cities, towns and villages）and Kammern - the personal self-governig administration（the legal representatives of occupational interests, social insurance, etc.）. The Fundamental characteristics of the self-governing administration system are autonomy, the juridical person, the internal democracy of organization, and the control of the Bund（federal government）and Land（state government）. The Selbstverwaltungkörper（the self-governing body）executes all or part of the public administration of the federal and state governments. For this reason, the autonomy of the self-governing administration is in contradiction to the parliamentary democracy and the public administration hierarchy. This paper examines the relationship between the democseracy of the selfgoverning administration and the parliamentary democracy of the federal and the state administration. Currently in Austria, the cooperative federalism of all three levels; the Bund（the federation）, the Länder（the state）and the Gemeinden（municipalities）is under Debate. In this paper, the position, competence, and organization of the municipality is considered.departmental bulletin pape

An evaluation of USA Learns and its lesson plan based on content-based instruction

This paper presents a lesson plan based on the content-based instruction（CBI）approach in an English class, combining“ USA Learns,” a website for English as a second language learners. USA Learns is a free website developed by the Sacramento County Office of Education in collaboration with other institutions that assists adults in learning English autonomously. However, it also provides instructors with a page where they can monitor their students’ learning records. This fact enables the instructor to conduct CBI classes for university students in class. This article provides an introduction to usage-based language learning, a broad overview of USA Learns, a theoretical evaluation of CBI, and a lesson plan that incorporates CBI into USA Learns.departmental bulletin pape

A Study of Students’ Career Consciousness Based on Class Assignments in the 2023 Career Design A Course at Osaka International University

This paper analyzes students’ career consciousness to enhance the development of career education courses. Teaching students from diverse backgrounds in a large lecture format poses challenges, and its validity always requires verification. In this study, I examined the degree of optimism with which students envision their careers. This analysis was based on assignments from the Career Design A course at Osaka International University in 2023, involving 550 second-year students. I applied the analytical framework of result expectations and efficacy expectations, which are commonly used in career selfefficacy research, and conducted a cross-analysis. Consequently, I identified variations in characteristics based on the students’ departments. While further in-depth analysis is needed in the future, I have acquired valuable insights to enhance education.departmental bulletin pape

The Relationship Between Health Concerns and Self-efficacy Among New University Students

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the interest in understanding of health knowledge and health behaviors and the trait of self-efficacy of new university students. We surveyed the level of interest in and understanding of health knowledge of ‘exercise’, ‘diet’ and ‘sleep/rest’, and generalized self-efficacy of 260 new university students. We compared the scores of generalized self-efficacy in the groups based on a combination of the degree of interest in the three health areas and the average number of correct answers in health knowledge. Notably, the group with a higher interest in health and higher understanding of health knowledge had a significantly a higher generalized self-efficacy than the group with a lower interest in health（p< 0.05）. To promote health education and its retention among new university students and to encourage health behaviors based on such knowledge, it was considered that assessing the high level of generalized self-efficacy as an internal factor of individuals would be an effective method.departmental bulletin pape

The Real Situation of Modern Monetary Theory in Japan

Modern Monetary Theory（MMT）attracts attention and debate all over the world. MMT argues that governments that can issue currency will never go bankrupt. The primary constraint on government spending is not the fiscal deficit but inflation. The Japanese government has historically pursued deficit spending to stimulate the economy and fund various projects. MMT has its roots in the works of economists like Abba Lerner and Hyman Minsky and debate among economists and policymakers still continues. The focus should be on the fact that banks can create money through lending and the government can influence money supply through taxation and spending policies. While critics claim that excessive government spending has led to fiscal collapse. Japan actually has one of the highest levels of government debt relative to GDP among developed countries. This debt is largely financed through the issuance of Japanese Government Bonds（JGBs）which are subject to monetary easing through exchanges between the government, the Bank of Japan, and commercial banks. The situation is dynamic and subject to evolving economic conditions and policy choices. We will analyze this situation in Japan and discuss the legitimacy of MMT.departmental bulletin pape

The State of Dietary Habits Among Students in Nutritionist Training Courses: A Report on Breakfast Habits, Vegetable and Salt Intake

In this study, a food questionnaire was administered to students in the nutritionist training course from 2020 to 2023 with the purpose of reviewing their dietary habits. The 144 students who responded were included in the analysis. They were divided into two groups according to the frequency of breakfast: "4 or more days a week"（breakfast intake habit group）and "3 or less days a week"（not applicable group）. Survey items related to breakfast intake, vegetable intake, and salt intake were compared. The breakfast intake habitual group had a significantly lower percentage of those living alone. In addition, a significantly higher proportion of the breakfast habituated respondents had a breakfast consisting of a staple meal, main dishes, and side dishes, and a significantly higher proportion of them consumed vegetables for breakfast. However, the results also indicated that breakfast was not sufficient even for those who were habitual breakfast eaters.departmental bulletin pape

FD Activities for Two Years Based on Lecture Evaluation Questionnaire with CS Analysis

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