1,533 research outputs found
Two dimensional numerical simulations of Supercritical Accretion Flows revisited
We study the dynamics of super-Eddington accretion flows by performing
two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. Compared with previous
works, in this paper we include the component of the viscous
stress and consider various values of the viscous parameter . We find
that when is included, the rotational speed of the
high-latitude flow decreases, while the density increases and decreases at the
high and low latitudes, respectively. We calculate the radial profiles of
inflow and outflow rates. We find that the inflow rate decreases inward,
following a power law form of . The value of
depends on the magnitude of and is within the range of .
Correspondingly, the radial profile of density becomes flatter compared with
the case of a constant . We find that the density profile can be
described by , and the value of is almost same for a
wide range of ranging from to . The inward
decrease of inflow accretion rate is very similar to hot accretion flows, which
is attributed to the mass loss in outflows. To study the origin of outflow, we
analyze the convective stability of slim disk. We find that depending on the
value of , the flow is marginally stable (when is small) or
unstable (when is large). This is different from the case of
hydrodynamical hot accretion flow where radiation is dynamically unimportant
and the flow is always convectively unstable. We speculate that the reason for
the difference is because radiation can stabilize convection. The origin of
outflow is thus likely because of the joint function of convection and
radiation, but further investigation is required.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Weighted estimates for powers and smoothing estimates of Schrödinger operators with inverse-square potentials
Let \La be a Schr\"odinger operator with
inverse square potential on \Rd, d\geq 3. The main aim of this paper is to prove weighted estimates for fractional powers of \La. The proof is based on weighted Hardy inequalities and weighted inequalities for square functions associated to \La. As an application, we obtain smoothing estimates regarding the propagator e^{it\La}
Weighted estimates for powers and smoothing estimates of Schrödinger operators with inverse-square potentials
Let \La be a Schr\"odinger operator with
inverse square potential on \Rd, d\geq 3. The main aim of this paper is to prove weighted estimates for fractional powers of \La. The proof is based on weighted Hardy inequalities and weighted inequalities for square functions associated to \La. As an application, we obtain smoothing estimates regarding the propagator e^{it\La}
DEC2 modulates orexin expression and regulates sleep.
Adequate sleep is essential for physical and mental health. We previously identified a missense mutation in the human DEC2 gene (BHLHE41) leading to the familial natural short sleep behavioral trait. DEC2 is a transcription factor regulating the circadian clock in mammals, although its role in sleep regulation has been unclear. Here we report that prepro-orexin, also known as hypocretin (Hcrt), gene expression is increased in the mouse model expressing the mutant hDEC2 transgene (hDEC2-P384R). Prepro-orexin encodes a precursor protein of a neuropeptide producing orexin A and B (hcrt1 and hcrt2), which is enriched in the hypothalamus and regulates maintenance of arousal. In cell culture, DEC2 suppressed prepro-orexin promoter-luc (ore-luc) expression through cis-acting E-box elements. The mutant DEC2 has less repressor activity than WT-DEC2, resulting in increased orexin expression. DEC2-binding affinity for the prepro-orexin gene promoter is decreased by the P384R mutation, likely due to weakened interaction with other transcription factors. In vivo, the decreased immobility time of the mutant transgenic mice is attenuated by an orexin receptor antagonist. Our results suggested that DEC2 regulates sleep/wake duration, at least in part, by modulating the neuropeptide hormone orexin
Digital LLRF system for TRIUMF ISIS buncher
The ISIS buncher system at TRIUMF operates at frequencies of 23MHz, 46MHz,
and 4.6MHz. The 23MHz and 46MHz signals drive two buncher cavities, while the
4.6MHz signal drives the 5:1 selector. The previous analog-digital hybrid
system has been replaced with a new digital LLRF system due to occasional
drifts in the setpoints of the control loops during operation. The reference
signal for the LLRF system is obtained from the pickup signal of the
cyclotron's cavity, ensuring that all frequencies are synchronized with it. In
the event of a spark occurring in the cyclotron's cavity, the LLRF system may
lose its reference signal. To address this, a phase-locked loop with a track
and hold function is designed to maintain the frequency when the reference
signal is absent. The 4.6MHz frequency is derived by dividing the 23MHz
reference signal frequency by 5. Designing the divide-by-5 circuitry posed
specific challenges in a binary system. The LLRF system is built upon TRIUMF's
versatile digital LLRF hardware system, with firmware optimized specifically
for the ISIS buncher system. This paper will delve into the details of the
hardware and firmware.Comment: Poster presented at LLRF Workshop 2023 (LLRF2023, arXiv: 2310.03199
Excitation of Trapped Waves in Simulations of Tilted Black Hole Accretion Disks with Magnetorotational Turbulence
We analyze the time dependence of fluid variables in general relativistic,
magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accretion flows onto a black hole with
dimensionless spin parameter a/M=0.9. We consider both the case where the
angular momentum of the accretion material is aligned with the black hole spin
axis (an untilted flow) and where it is misaligned by 15 degrees (a tilted
flow). In comparison to the untilted simulation, the tilted simulation exhibits
a clear excess of inertial variability, that is, variability at frequencies
below the local radial epicyclic frequency. We further study the radial
structure of this inertial-like power by focusing on a radially extended band
at 118 (M/10Msol)^-1 Hz found in each of the three analyzed fluid variables.
The three dimensional density structure at this frequency suggests that the
power is a composite oscillation whose dominant components are an over dense
clump corotating with the background flow, a low order inertial wave, and a low
order inertial-acoustic wave. Our results provide preliminary confirmation of
earlier suggestions that disk tilt can be an important excitation mechanism for
inertial waves.Comment: 8 Pages, 6 Figures, accepted for publication in Ap
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