User-friendly interactive affective system to leverage aggressive driving behavior

Aggressive driving behavior has been proven to be one of the major contributors to road accidents. Traditional solutions to leverage aggressive driving behavior still have some obvious short comings such as low user experience and unsatisfactory effectiveness. This article explores user-friendly design method for intervening aggressive driving behavior based on human-centered motivation theory such as persuasive technology. We proposed an interactively affective system based on design ethnography and persuasive technology that offered drivers an emotional mediator and allowed them to express their feelings in a natural way that does not affect traffic. We validated our design and system in a driving simulating environment with 16 participants, results showed that our system could promote drivers emotional state effectively. Our system have broad application prospect such as traffic safety, driver health, intelligent cockpit human-vehicle interaction

Evaluation Method and Empirical Study of Regional Collaborative Sustainable Development under Environmental Regulation

16-20According to the “pollution haven hypothesis”, polluting industries may shift from developed areas to underdeveloped areas, which may lead to an unbalanced environmental regulation effect in a region consisting of several provinces. This means that the environmental regulation in various provinces will have on impact on regional collaborative sustainable development (RCSD). Therefore, this paper adds environmental regulation to the RCSD evaluation system, adopts a combination of TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) and grey relational analysis, establishes a distance collaborative model, and uses the empirical data of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region (BTH region) from 2007 to 2016, evaluate the RCSD under environmental regulation. The evaluation results show that the development levels in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei are quite different and that there is a feature of unbalanced development; From 2007 to 2016, the level of comprehensive synergy development in the BTH region is at a steady rising stage, but the upward trend is not obvious and there is little change

Research on supply chain partner selection and task allocation based on fuzzy theory under an uncertain environment

Nowadays the enterprises pay the closer attention to the relationship among suppliers, manufacturers and distributors due to the global competitive market economy. And they manage the supply chain through establishing strategic cooperative partnership, which can greatly enhance the competitive advantage and obtain greater overall profits. In this paper, the fuzzy theory is applied to study the supply chain partner selection and the task coarse allocation problem in under multi-attribute fuzzy comprehensive decision-making and fuzzy constraints. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive decision of supply chain network structure was verified through the case of Shaoxing textile.Hoy en día las empresas prestan más atención a la relación entre proveedores, fabricantes y distribuidores debido a la competitiva economía de mercado global. Y manejan la cadena de suministro a través del establecimiento de una asociación estratégica de cooperación, que puede mejorar en gran medida la ventaja competitiva y obtener mayores beneficios en general. En este artículo, la teoría difusa se aplica para estudiar la selección de socios de la cadena de suministro y el problema de asignación de tareas gruesas en la toma de decisiones globales difusas de múltiples atributo y las restricciones difusas. Por último, la decisión global difusa de la estructura de la red de la cadena de suministro se verificó a través del caso de Shaoxing textil

Differentially Private Learning with Per-Sample Adaptive Clipping

Privacy in AI remains a topic that draws attention from researchers and the general public in recent years. As one way to implement privacy-preserving AI, differentially private learning is a framework that enables AI models to use differential privacy (DP). To achieve DP in the learning process, existing algorithms typically limit the magnitude of gradients with a constant clipping, which requires carefully tuned due to its significant impact on model performance. As a solution to this issue, latest works NSGD and Auto-S innovatively propose to use normalization instead of clipping to avoid hyperparameter tuning. However, normalization-based approaches like NSGD and Auto-S rely on a monotonic weight function, which imposes excessive weight on small gradient samples and introduces extra deviation to the update. In this paper, we propose a Differentially Private Per-Sample Adaptive Clipping (DP-PSAC) algorithm based on a non-monotonic adaptive weight function, which guarantees privacy without the typical hyperparameter tuning process of using a constant clipping while significantly reducing the deviation between the update and true batch-averaged gradient. We provide a rigorous theoretical convergence analysis and show that with convergence rate at the same order, the proposed algorithm achieves a lower non-vanishing bound, which is maintained over training iterations, compared with NSGD/Auto-S. In addition, through extensive experimental evaluation, we show that DP-PSAC outperforms or matches the state-of-the-art methods on multiple main-stream vision and language tasks.Comment: To appear in AAAI 2023, Revised acknowledgments and citation

Model development of dust emission and heterogeneous chemistry within the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system and its application over East Asia

The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model has been further developed in terms of simulating natural wind-blown dust in this study, with a series of modifications aimed at improving the model\u27s capability to predict the emission, transport, and chemical reactions of dust. The default parameterization of initial threshold friction velocity constants are revised to correct the double counting of the impact of soil moisture in CMAQ by the reanalysis of field experiment data; source-dependent speciation profiles for dust emission are derived based on local measurements for the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in East Asia; and dust heterogeneous chemistry is also implemented. The improved dust module in the CMAQ is applied over East Asia for March and April from 2006 to 2010. The model evaluation result shows that the simulation bias of PM10 and aerosol optical depth (AOD) is reduced, respectively, from −55.42 and −31.97 % by the original CMAQ to −16.05 and −22.1 % by the revised CMAQ. Comparison with observations at the nearby Gobi stations of Duolun and Yulin indicates that applying a source-dependent profile helps reduce simulation bias for trace metals. Implementing heterogeneous chemistry also results in better agreement with observations for sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfate (SO42−), nitric acid (HNO3), nitrous oxides (NOx), and nitrate (NO3−). The investigation of a severe dust storm episode from 19 to 21 March 2010 suggests that the revised CMAQ is capable of capturing the spatial distribution and temporal variation of dust. The model evaluation also indicates potential uncertainty within the excessive soil moisture used by meteorological simulation. The mass contribution of fine-mode particles in dust emission may be underestimated by 50 %. The revised CMAQ model provides a useful tool for future studies to investigate the emission, transport, and impact of wind-blown dust over East Asia and elsewhere

Evaluation Method and Empirical Study of Regional Collaborative Sustainable Development under Environmental Regulation

According to the “pollution haven hypothesis”, polluting industries may shift from developed areas to underdeveloped areas, which may lead to an unbalanced environmental regulation effect in a region consisting of several provinces. This means that the environmental regulation in various provinces will have on impact on regional collaborative sustainable development (RCSD). Therefore, this paper adds environmental regulation to the RCSD evaluation system, adopts a combination of TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) and grey relational analysis, establishes a distance collaborative model, and uses the empirical data of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region (BTH region) from 2007 to 2016, evaluate the RCSD under environmental regulation. The evaluation results show that the development levels in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei are quite different and that there is a feature of unbalanced development; From 2007 to 2016, the level of comprehensive synergy development in the BTH region is at a steady rising stage, but the upward trend is not obvious and there is little change

Exploring the Effects of Online PBL in Xuexitong

The objective of this research paper is to critically examine the advantages and challenges of implementing online Problem-Based Learning (PBL) using the Xuexitong learning app. The paper highlights the diverse range of functionalities offered by Xuexitong that align with the principles of PBL. Students can access shared materials, form study teams, submit assignments and receive feedback, conduct online surveys, and engage in group discussions. Teachers, on the other hand, can upload electronic textbooks, communicate with students conveniently, provide guidance on student projects, and assess assignments. Furthermore, the paper presents a comparative analysis of PBL with other teaching methods. The findings reveal that online PBL transcends spatial barriers and facilitates face-to-face communication. It enhances students’ problem-solving skills, promotes effective time management, and fosters a sense of cooperation among learners. For teachers, online PBL promotes more active teacher-student interaction, allowing for effective guidance and feedback exchange with students. Despite the advantages, the paper also acknowledges the challenges associated with online PBL, including technical issues related to online devices and learning materials. By analyzing various online PBL cases, the paper identifies potential obstacles that may arise in the implementation of PBL through Xuexitong. The other problems are students’ reluctance to learn independently and the lack of attention when studying online. The paper serves as a valuable resource for enhancing the online PBL system, providing teachers and students with a comprehensive understanding of the functionalities offered by Xuexitong and how they can be effectively utilized in online PBL courses. However, it is important to note that further research is warranted to identify and address potential technical challenges associated with online PBL

Nanodiamond for Biomedicine

京都大学アカデミックデイ2023開催日時: 2023年9月24日(日) 11:00-18:00会場: ゼスト御池（京都市役所前地下街）河原町広場、寺町広場、御幸町広場主催: 学術研究展開センター(KURA)，研究推進部研究推進課，「国民との科学・技術対話」ワーキンググループ京都大学の学術研究成果発信の一環として包括的に登

Vehicle Bridge Interaction Analysis on Concrete and Steel Curved Bridges

This study investigation is intended to research the dynamic response of horizontally curved bridges under heavy vehicle loads. Most of the main factors that affect the bridge dynamic response due to moving vehicles are considered. An improved 3D grid model, based on commercial software ANSYS Mechanical APDL, is developed for the analysis of curved bridges following the 3D shear-flexibility grillage analyzing method. A simplified numeric method, considering the effect of random road roughness and its velocity term, is developed for solving the interaction problem. With the model and numerical method presented, a series of parametric studies are conducted to study the curved bridge dynamic interaction. Based on the investigation of determining factors of curve bridge dynamic interaction, the expression of the upper-bound envelop for impact factors of maximum deflection is given with different surface conditions and highway speed limits as a function of bridge fundamental frequency or bridge central angle. A study is conducted on comparing these empirical equations and serval other major design codes, comments and suggestions are then made based on the discoveries