New developments in autopsy pathology and forensic diagnostics

Niessen, J.W.M. [Promotor]Jiwa, N.M. [Copromotor]Krijnen, P.A.J. [Copromotor

Community College Academic Leadership: Examining Effective Leadership Teams

In community colleges across the country, the division of academic affairs faces many challenges. Chief academic affairs officers (CAAOs) and academic-leadership teams need to effectively lead the division. Academic deans support the division of academic affairs, and the CAAO provides guidance and resources, and empower individuals in these roles to be effective. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the formation of an effective academic-leadership team in selected Illinois community colleges. This qualitative study applied case-study methodology. Eight Illinois community colleges were selected using the Illinois Community College Board’s seven peer groups. Purposeful sampling, in conjunction with maximum variation criteria, was employed. Maximum variation criteria were based on different levels of administrative positions in Illinois community colleges, full-time student enrollment, and geographic disparity of Illinois community colleges. Surveys and face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect rich and meaningful data. The conceptual framework consisted of Hawkins’s team-coaching concept and Zachary’s mentorship theory. Adult-learning theory, developed by Knowles (1984), offered another lens through which the research was examined. Data analysis revealed that members of academic teams embrace concepts of mentorship. Factors identified influencing the success of an academic-leadership team included a shared vision by the team and CAAO, open and honest dialog among team members and the CAAO, and having an approachable CAAO. Team members felt the CAAO’s guidance of the team was enhanced by not only working with individual team members, but also by investing time and energy with the group as a unit or “the whole.” Findings also revealed that professional-development programs and mentorship opportunities at Illinois community colleges for academic deans are largely informal. Dean participants acknowledged a need for the establishment of formal mentorship programs to enhance their institutional effectiveness and career growth. Participants agreed these avenues for professional development and mentorship must be consistent and systematic to be successful. As a result of the findings, a model was designed to implement effective mentorship when forming teams, which can be applicable in many different team settings. The Fronczek six-step mentorship model is a specific guide for formal mentorship practices that produces set expectations

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen

A case of accessory spleen located in the tail of the pancreas in a stillbirth male foetus is reported. The congenital anomaly was revealed at autopsy. The intrapancreatic spleen was well demarcated and was composed of red and white pulp; however, same pancreatic ducts were intermingled with the splenic parenchyma. As well as the intrapancreatic lesion another minute accessory spleen was also found at the hilum of the proper organ. Since a lack of morphological features of trisomy 13 syndrome were found in the foetus, the ectopic spleens were regarded as incidental findings

Trimethylsulfonium Methanesulfonate

In the title compound, C3H9S+.CH3O3S-, a thermal decomposition product of dimethyl sulfoxide, both cation and anion lie on mirror planes. In the cation, the S atom lies 0.792 (2) Å out of the plane defined by the three C atoms, with S-C distances of 1.781 (2) and 1.786 (3) Å. In the anion, the S-O distances are 1.4556 (14) and 1.4646 (19) Å, and the S-C distance is 1.759 (3) Å

Crystal Structure of Di-Aqua-Bis-(7-Di-Ehtyl-Amino-3-Formyl-2-Oxo-2H-Chromen-4-Olato-κ(2) O (3), O (4))zinc(II) Dimethyl Sulfoxide Disolvate

The structure of the title coordination complex, [Zn(C14H14NO4)2(H2O)2]·2C2H6OS, shows that the ZnII cation adopts an octa­hedral geometry and lies on an inversion center. Two organic ligands occupy the equatorial positions of the coordination sphere, forming a chelate ring motif via the O atom on the formyl group and another O atom of the carbonyl group (a pseudo--diketone motif). Two water mol­ecules occupy the remaining coordination sites of the ZnII cation in the axial positions. The water mol­ecules are each hydrogen bonded to a single dimethyl sulfoxide mol­ecule that has been entrapped in the crystal lattice

Crystal Structure of Di-Aqua-Bis-(7-Di-Ehtyl-Amino-3-Formyl-2-Oxo-2H-Chromen-4-Olato-κ(2) O (3), O (4))zinc(II) Dimethyl Sulfoxide Disolvate

The structure of the title coordination complex, [Zn(C14H14NO4)2(H2O)2]·2C2H6OS, shows that the ZnII cation adopts an octa­hedral geometry and lies on an inversion center. Two organic ligands occupy the equatorial positions of the coordination sphere, forming a chelate ring motif via the O atom on the formyl group and another O atom of the carbonyl group (a pseudo--diketone motif). Two water mol­ecules occupy the remaining coordination sites of the ZnII cation in the axial positions. The water mol­ecules are each hydrogen bonded to a single dimethyl sulfoxide mol­ecule that has been entrapped in the crystal lattice

Hoodigogenin A from Hoodia gordonii

The title mol­ecule (systematic name: 12-O-β-tigloyl-3β,14β-dihydroxy­pregn-5-en-20-one), C26H38O5, isolated from aerial parts of Hoodia gordonii, has its steroid A and C rings in chair conformations, its B ring in a half-chair conformation, and its five-membered ring in an envelope conformation. The OH group at the C/D ring junction forms an intra­molecular hydrogen bond with the keto substituent. The OH group on the A ring forms an inter­molecular hydrogen bond with the tiglate C=O group, propagating [010] chains in the crystal structure

3,6,9,16,19,22-Hexaaza­tricyclo­[22.2.2.211,14]­triaconta-1(27),11 (30),12,14(29),24(28),25-hexa­ene hexa­kis(p-toluene­sulfonate) dihydrate

In the title compound, C24H44N6 6+·6C7H7O3S−·2H2O, the macrocycle crystallizes in its hexa­protonated form, accompanied by six p-toluene­sulfonate ions and two water mol­ecules, and lies on an inversion center. The three independent p-toluene­sulfonate anions and their inversion equivalents at (1 − x, 1 − y, 1 − z) are linked to the macrocyclic cation through N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Of these, two p-toluene­sulfonate ions are located on opposite sides of the macrocyclic plane and are linked to bridgehead N atoms via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The remaining four p-toluene­sulfonate ions bridge two adjacent macrocyclic cationic units through N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding involving other N atoms, forming a chain along the a axis. The water mol­ecules, which could not be located and may be disordered, do not inter­act with the macrocycle; however, they form hydrogen bonds with anions

Impact Of Sleep Restriction And Recovery On Motivation During Repeated Cognitive Performance Testing

Introduction: Both motivation and sleep deprivation affect cognitive performance. Especially during long-lasting studies with repeated cognitive performance tasks there is concern that subjects will lose motivation over time. Results may be confounded due to changes in motivation. Methods: In an ongoing study, 29 healthy volunteers performed 55 cognitive performance tasks at three-hourly intervals in a 12-day inpatient study. After two baseline nights with 8 h time in bed (TIB) the intervention group (N=20; mean age 26 ± 4 years, 9 females) underwent chronic sleep restriction for 5 nights (5 h TIB) with a following recovery night of 8 h TIB. The control group (N=9; mean age 25 ± 5 years, 3 females) had the opportunity to sleep 8 hours every night. Participants completed the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and a questionnaire about their motivation (from 1=very little/not motivated to 5=very motivated) at 6 p.m. on all days. Results: Wilcoxon signed-rank tests showed a significant decrease in motivation (p=.0439) and a significant increase in subjective sleepiness (p=.0184) from baseline (motivation: 2.8 ± 0.6 (SD), sleepiness: 3.2 ± 1.2) to the last day of chronic sleep restriction (motivation: 2.2 ± 0.5, sleepiness: 5.1 ± 1.8) for the experimental group. Motivation remained low after recovery sleep (2.2 ± 0.8; p=.0198). Sleepiness and motivation scores showed a significant Spearman correlation (r=-0.43, p<0.001). Discussion: Chronic sleep restriction for five days leads to an increase in sleepiness and a decrease in motivation. One night of recovery is insufficient to reverse the motivation loss, contrasting with the beneficial effect on sleepiness. During chronic sleep restriction conditions subjective motivation seems to decrease as a function of subjective sleepiness

tert-Butyl (2S)-2-{3-[(R)-bis­(tert-but­oxy­carbon­yl)amino]-2-oxopiperidin-1-yl}-3-methyl­butano­ate1

The title compound, C24H42N2O7, is a chiral lactam-constrained amino acid with a six-membered ring backbone and isopropyl and tert-butyl ester side chains. The conformation of the six-membered ring can be described as a half chair, with two CH2 C atoms lying 0.443 (1) and −0.310 (1) Å out of the best plane of the other four atoms (mean deviation = 0.042 Å). Both N atoms are sp 2 hybridized, lying 0.0413 (9) and 0.067 (1) Å out of the planes defined by the three C atoms bonded to them. The absolute configuration was determined, based on resonant scattering of light atoms in Cu Kα radiation