1,861 research outputs found
Introduction
https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1035/thumbnail.jp
Symmetric hyperbolic systems for Bianchi equations
We obtain a family of first-order symmetric hyperbolic systems for the
Bianchi equations. They have only physical characteristics: the light cone and
timelike hypersurfaces. In the proof of the hyperbolicity, new positivity
properties of the Bel tensor are used.Comment: latex, 7 pages, accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Gra
Pressure/Temperature Logger (PTL) development and field deployment for the Great Bay, NH, tidal dynamics experiment
Durg 1992 and 1993 experiments were conducted in the shallow east side of Great Bay, New Hampshire. These
experiments were conducted to better understand the morphodynamics and
evolutionary tendencies of shallow tidal
embayments and intertidal fiats. Hardware and software used in the collection of data are described. Discussed also are
techniques used to collect data. Six pressure temperature loggers (PTL) and one current meter (TCSWG) were developed
for the experiments. Both instruments are internally powered and internally recording. The instruments were developed
because no company was found that manufactured a similar instrument within the price range of the project.Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation
through Grant No. OCE91-02429
Strongly Coupled Matter-Field and Non-Analytic Decay Rate of Dipole Molecules in a Waveguide
The decay rate \gam of an excited dipole molecule inside a waveguide is
evaluated for the strongly coupled matter-field case near a cutoff frequency
\ome_c without using perturbation analysis. Due to the singularity in the
density of photon states at the cutoff frequency, we find that \gam depends
non-analytically on the coupling constant as . In contrast
to the ordinary evaluation of \gam which relies on the Fermi golden rule
(itself based on perturbation analysis), \gam has an upper bound and does not
diverge at \ome_c even if we assume perfect conductance in the waveguide
walls. As a result, again in contrast to the statement found in the literature,
the speed of emitted light from the molecule does not vanish at \ome_c and is
proportional to which is on the order of m/s for
typical dipole molecules.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Hexagons become second if symmetry is broken
Pattern formation on the free surface of a magnetic fluid subjected to a
magnetic field is investigated experimentally. By tilting the magnetic field
the symmetry can be broken in a controllable manner. When increasing the
amplitude of the tilted field, the flat surface gives way to liquid ridges. A
further increase results in a hysteretic transition to a pattern of stretched
hexagons. The instabilities are detected by means of a linear array of magnetic
hall sensors and compared with theoretical predictions.Comment: accepted for publication by Physical Review E/Rapid Communicatio
Estuaries as Filters for Riverine Microplastics: Simulations in a Large, Coastal-Plain Estuary
Public awareness of microplastics and their widespread presence throughout most bodies of water are increasingly documented. The accumulation of microplastics in the ocean, however, appears to be far less than their riverine inputs, suggesting that there is a “missing sink” of plastics in the ocean. Estuaries have long been recognized as filters for riverine material in marine biogeochemical budgets. Here we use a model of estuarine microplastic transport to test the hypothesis that the Chesapeake Bay, a large coastal-plain estuary in eastern North America, is a potentially large filter, or “sink,” of riverine microplastics. The 1-year composite simulation, which tracks an equal number of buoyant and sinking 5-mm diameter particles, shows that 94% of riverine microplastics are beached, with only 5% exported from the Bay, and 1% remaining in the water column. We evaluate the robustness of this finding by conducting additional simulations in a tributary of the Bay for different years, particle densities, particle sizes, turbulent dissipation rates, and shoreline characteristics. The resulting microplastic transport and fate were sensitive to interannual variability over a decadal (2010–2019) analysis, with greater export out of the Bay during high streamflow years. Particle size was found to be unimportant while particle density – specifically if a particle was buoyant or not – was found to significantly influence overall fate and mean duration in the water column. Positively buoyant microplastics are more mobile due to being in the seaward branch of the residual estuarine circulation while negatively buoyant microplastics are transported a lesser distance due to being in the landward branch, and therefore tend to deposit on coastlines close to their river sources, which may help guide sampling campaigns. Half of all riverine microplastics that beach do so within 7–13 days, while those that leave the bay do so within 26 days. Despite microplastic distributions being sensitive to some modeling choices (e.g., particle density and shoreline hardening), in all scenarios most of riverine plastics do not make it to the ocean, suggesting that estuaries may serve as a filter for riverine microplastics
Cruise: YR130612, Stations: S5127- S5138, York River Estuary and Pamunkey River, Virginia, MUDBED Longitudinal Profiler Station Survey bracketing a Flood Tide.
Dataset consists of profile and water column burst Data collected as part of a longitudinal profiler station survey at approximately 20 km, 25 km, 35 km, 45 km, 56 km and 62 km upriver from the mouth of the York River Estuary
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