1,421 research outputs found
Isoflavones and other compounds from the roots of Iris marsica I. Ricci E Colas. Collected from Majella National Park, Italy
In this study, a phytochemical analysis was performed, for the first time, on Iris marsica I. Ricci e Colas. In particular, the attention was focused on the constituents of the roots. Twenty-one compounds were isolated by column chromatography and were analyzed/identified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. They all own chemotaxonomic, ethno-pharmacological and nutraceutical relevance which allowed us to provide a phytochemical rationale, for the correct botanical classification of this species, for the employment of its roots in folk medicine like for all the other species belonging to the Iris genus and, lastly, for their further uses as food with important healthy benefits. All of these parts were broadly discussed about within the text
Dielectric permittivity of aqueous solutions of electrolytes probed by THz time-domain and FTIR spectroscopy
We have measured the dielectric permittivity of pure water and aqueous chlorides solutions in the range 0.2-1.5THz. We considered the relaxation spectral function as the weighted sum of two independent single-parameter Debye functions. Such an approach allowed to drastically reduce the number of the parameters used in the fit which we set only by physical considerations. The resulting functions allow to fit the experimental data for pure water and solutions of LiCl, KCl, NaCl, and CsCl and to predict the excess response on the high frequency side of the relaxation without “ad hoc” corrective terms
IdentitĂ e relazioni sociali. Dai popoli migranti alla cultura del Web 2.0
Nel saggio è una riflessione preliminare su cos'è da intendere per identità prima di individuare il ruolo che svolge la comunicazione non solo nel mantenere ma anche e soprattutto nel costruire identità e nel gestire relazioni, nel senso di crearle, mutarle o annullarle.The essay is a reflection about identity and role of communication on creating, mantaining and destroying social relations
Evolution of human IgH3 ' EC duplicated structures: both enhancers HS1,2 are polymorphic with variation of transcription factor's consensus sites
The enhancer complex regulatory region at the 3' of the immunoglobulin heavy cluster (IgH3'EC) is duplicated in apes along with four constant genes and the region is highly conserved throughout humans. Both human IgH3'ECs consist of three loci high sensitive (HS) to DNAse I with enhancer activity. It is thus possible that the presence of structural divergences between the two IgH3'ECs and of relative polymorphisms correspond to functional regulatory changes. To analyse the polymorphisms of these almost identical regions, it resulted mandatory to identify the presence of divergent sequences, in order to select distinctive primers for specific PCR genomic amplifications. To this aim, we first compared the two entire IgH3'ECs in silicio, utilising the updated GenBank (GB) contigs, then we analysed the two IgH3'ECs by cloning and sequencing amplicons from independent genomes. In silicio analysis showed that several inversions, deletions and short insertions had occurred after the duplication. We analysed in detail, by sequencing specific regions, the polymorphisms occurring in enhancer HS1,2-A (which lies in IgH3'EC-1, 3' to the C alpha-1 gene) and in enhancer HS1,2-B (which lies in IgH3'EC-2, 3' to C alpha-2). Polymorphisms are due to the repetition (occurring one to four times) of a 38-bp sequence present at the 3' of the core of enhancers HS1,2. The structure of both human HS1,2 enhancers has revealed not yet described polymorphic features due to the presence of variable spacer elements separating the 38-bp repetitions and to variable external elements bordering the repetition cluster. We found that one of the external elements gave rise to a divergent allele 3 in the two clusters. The frequency of the different alleles of the two loci varies in the Italian population and allele 3 of both loci are very rare. The analysis of the Callicebus moloch, Gorilla gorilla and Pan troglodytes HS1,2 enhancers showed the transformation from the ancestral structure with the 31- to the 17-by external element in hominids. The relevance of the polymorphisms in the HS1,2 enhancers is due to the variable number of binding sites for the transcription factors: NF-kappa B, CMYB, BSAP1/2, AP1/4, E47, MyoD and mu E5 and thus to the possible influence of these variations on switch, production of Ig and on maturation of B cells. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Essential oil composition and polar fraction analysis of Tanacetum macrophyllum (Waldst. et Kit.) Schultz Bip.
Tanacetum macrophyllum (Waldst. et Kit.) Schultz Bip, also known as Tansy, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. This species is typical of the Balcan area but is punctually spread in other European countries as a rare species [1]. In Italy, it is found mainly within forests [1, 2]. This species is often erroneously confused with Achillea grandifolia Friv. [1, 2]. In this work, a comprehensive phytochemical analysis on the volatile components and polar fraction of T. macrophyllum growing in central Italy was carried out. Flowers and leaves were separately analyzed for the essential oil composition and were characterized by oxygenated monoterpenes (39.4%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (28.0%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (39.3%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (25.4%), respectively. The phytochemical analysis conducted on the ethanolic extract of the total aerial parts evidenced the presence of twelve compounds: apigenin, cirsimaritin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, kaempferol-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-7-O-glucuronide, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, shikimic acid, quinic acid and 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-vanillic acid. Most of these compounds were reported for the first time in the species while three of them are new phytochemicals for the Tanacetum genus. The presence of all these compounds provides a phytochemical rationale for the botanical classification of this species and encourages further ethno-pharmacological studies just like for T. parthenium [3]
Emotion Regulation in Schizophrenia : a Pilot Clinical Intervention as Assessed by EEG and Optical Imaging (Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy)
Previous research on Schizophrenia (S) revealed anomalies in brain responsiveness during emotion processing, as shown by neuroimaging and electroencephalography (EEG) measures. Nonetheless preserved capacities to explicitly evaluate the emotional significance of affective stimuli in term of valence have been found. The present study applied functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) and EEG to explore the spatial and temporal expressions of emotion processing in the brain before (T0) and after (T2) an emotional Neurofeedback (NF) training of patients, assigned to the control or the experimental group. Explicit measures revealed correct identifications of stimuli emotional valence before (T0) and after (T2) the treatment, while implicit measures (EEG and fNIRS) showed a modulation and increased competencies only after the NF (T2), with more balanced prefrontal activity
NaNet: a Low-Latency, Real-Time, Multi-Standard Network Interface Card with GPUDirect Features
While the GPGPU paradigm is widely recognized as an effective approach to
high performance computing, its adoption in low-latency, real-time systems is
still in its early stages.
Although GPUs typically show deterministic behaviour in terms of latency in
executing computational kernels as soon as data is available in their internal
memories, assessment of real-time features of a standard GPGPU system needs
careful characterization of all subsystems along data stream path.
The networking subsystem results in being the most critical one in terms of
absolute value and fluctuations of its response latency.
Our envisioned solution to this issue is NaNet, a FPGA-based PCIe Network
Interface Card (NIC) design featuring a configurable and extensible set of
network channels with direct access through GPUDirect to NVIDIA Fermi/Kepler
GPU memories.
NaNet design currently supports both standard - GbE (1000BASE-T) and 10GbE
(10Base-R) - and custom - 34~Gbps APElink and 2.5~Gbps deterministic latency
KM3link - channels, but its modularity allows for a straightforward inclusion
of other link technologies.
To avoid host OS intervention on data stream and remove a possible source of
jitter, the design includes a network/transport layer offload module with
cycle-accurate, upper-bound latency, supporting UDP, KM3link Time Division
Multiplexing and APElink protocols.
After NaNet architecture description and its latency/bandwidth
characterization for all supported links, two real world use cases will be
presented: the GPU-based low level trigger for the RICH detector in the NA62
experiment at CERN and the on-/off-shore data link for KM3 underwater neutrino
telescope
GPU-based Real-time Triggering in the NA62 Experiment
Over the last few years the GPGPU (General-Purpose computing on Graphics
Processing Units) paradigm represented a remarkable development in the world of
computing. Computing for High-Energy Physics is no exception: several works
have demonstrated the effectiveness of the integration of GPU-based systems in
high level trigger of different experiments. On the other hand the use of GPUs
in the low level trigger systems, characterized by stringent real-time
constraints, such as tight time budget and high throughput, poses several
challenges. In this paper we focus on the low level trigger in the CERN NA62
experiment, investigating the use of real-time computing on GPUs in this
synchronous system. Our approach aimed at harvesting the GPU computing power to
build in real-time refined physics-related trigger primitives for the RICH
detector, as the the knowledge of Cerenkov rings parameters allows to build
stringent conditions for data selection at trigger level. Latencies of all
components of the trigger chain have been analyzed, pointing out that
networking is the most critical one. To keep the latency of data transfer task
under control, we devised NaNet, an FPGA-based PCIe Network Interface Card
(NIC) with GPUDirect capabilities. For the processing task, we developed
specific multiple ring trigger algorithms to leverage the parallel architecture
of GPUs and increase the processing throughput to keep up with the high event
rate. Results obtained during the first months of 2016 NA62 run are presented
and discussed
High energy pulse dynamics in multimode GRIN fibers
High energy, ultra-short multimode soliton pulse fission is observed and numerically studied in multimode GRIN fibers, showing complex dynamics bringing to multiple fundamental solitons that do not entirely follow standard single mode soliton perturbation theory predictions
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