2,365 research outputs found
Binary Mixtures of Particles with Different Diffusivities Demix
The influence of size differences, shape, mass and persistent motion on phase
separation in binary mixtures has been intensively studied. Here we focus on
the exclusive role of diffusivity differences in binary mixtures of equal-sized
particles. We find an effective attraction between the less diffusive
particles, which are essentially caged in the surrounding species with the
higher diffusion constant. This effect leads to phase separation for systems
above a critical size: A single close-packed cluster made up of the less
diffusive species emerges. Experiments for testing of our predictions are
outlined.Comment: 5 figures in main text, 8 figures in Supplemental Materia
The Life Satisfaction Approach to Environmental Valuation
In many countries environmental policies and regulations are implemented to improve environmental quality and thus individuals’ well-being. However, how do individuals value the environment? In this paper, we review the Life Satisfaction Approach (LSA) representing a new non-market valuation technique. The LSA builds on the recent development of subjective well-being research in economics and takes measures of reported life satisfaction as an empirical approximation to individual welfare. Micro-econometric life satisfaction functions are estimated taking into account environmental conditions along with income and other covariates. The estimated coefficients for the environmental good and income can then be used to calculate the implicit willingness-to-pay for the environmental good.life satisfaction approach, subjective well-being, non-market valuation, cost-benefit analysis, air pollution
The Life Satisfaction Approach to Environmental Valuation
In many countries environmental policies and regulations are implemented to improve environmental quality and thus individuals’ well-being. However, how do individuals value the environment? In this paper, we review the Life Satisfaction Approach (LSA) representing a new non-market valuation technique. The LSA builds on the recent development of subjective well-being research in economics and takes measures of reported life satisfaction as an empirical approximation to individual welfare. Micro-econometric life satisfaction functions are estimated taking into account environmental conditions along with income and other covariates. The estimated coefficients for the environmental good and income can then be used to calculate the implicit willingness-to-pay for the environmental good.life satisfaction approach, subjective well-being, non-market valuation, costbenefit analysis, air pollution
The Life Satisfaction Approach to Environmental Valuation
In many countries environmental policies and regulations are implemented to improve environmental quality and thus individuals' well-being. However, how do individuals value the environment? In this paper, we review the Life Satisfaction Approach (LSA) representing a new non-market valuation technique. The LSA builds on the recent development of subjective well-being research in economics and takes measures of reported life satisfaction as an empirical approximation to individual welfare. Micro-econometric life satisfaction functions are estimated taking into account environmental conditions along with income and other covariates. The estimated coefficients for the environmental good and income can then be used to calculate the implicit willingness-to-pay for the environmental good.life satisfaction approach, subjective well-being, non-market valuation, cost-benefit analysis, air pollution
The Life Satisfaction Approach to Environmental Valuation
The present paper examines the joint effect of fixed-term employment and work organization on job satisfaction using individual-level data from the German Socio-Economic Panel GSOEP). Specifically, we analyze whether workers who are heterogeneous in terms of the type of working contract (fixed-term vs. permanent) do also differ with regard to job satisfaction, when they perform under comparable work organizational conditions. Such information would be quite valuable for employers, because they can learn about the responsiveness of heterogeneous workers to innovative work organizational practices. For this purpose, we at first estimate a linear fixed effects model, thereby controlling for unobserved time-constant characteristics. In a second step, we account for potential remaining endogeneity by combining the fixed effects approach with a two-stage estimation strategy. Our empirical results show that in terms of job satisfaction fixed-term workers and their permanent counterparts respond differently to a number of organizational practices including task diversity, employee involvement, social relations at work, general working conditions, and career prospects. The results may be used by employers to improve their concept of diversity management and specifically the job design of heterogeneous workers. �
Calculating Tragedy: Assessing the Costs of Terrorism
The trends and consequences of terrorist activities are often captured by counting the number of incidents and casualties. More recently, the effects of terrorist acts on various aspects of the economy have been analyzed. These costs are surveyed and put in perspective. As economic consequences are only a part of the overall costs of terrorism, possible approaches for estimating the utility losses of the people affected are discussed. Results using the life satisfaction approach, in which individual utility is approximated by self-reported subjective well-being, suggest that people’s utility losses may far exceed the purely economic consequences.terrorism, subjective well-being, life satisfaction, utility loss
Investigating the use of Virtual Learning Environments by teachers in schools and colleges
Investigating the use of Virtual Learning Environments by teachers in schools and college
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