The warped, resolved, deformed conifold gets flavoured

We discuss a simple transformation that allows to generate SU(3) structure solutions of Type IIB supergravity with RR fluxes, starting from non-Kahler solutions of Type I supergravity. The method may be applied also in the presence of supersymmetric source branes. We apply this transformation to a solution describing fivebranes wrapped on the two-sphere of the resolved conifold with additional flavour fivebrane sources. The resulting solution is a generalisation of the resolved deformed conifold solution of Butti et al. by the addition of D5 brane and D3 brane sources. We propose that this solution may be interpreted in terms of a combined effect of Higgsing and cascade of Seiberg dualities in the dual field theory.Comment: 36 pages plus various appendixe

Multimorbidity and patterns of chronic conditions in a primary care population in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study

To characterise in details a random sample of multimorbid patients in Switzerland and to evaluate the clustering of chronic conditions in that sample. 100 general practitioners (GPs) each enrolled 10 randomly selected multimorbid patients aged ≥18 years old and suffering from at least three chronic conditions. The prevalence of 75 separate chronic conditions from the International Classification of Primary Care-2 (ICPC-2) was evaluated in these patients. Clusters of chronic conditions were studied in parallel. The final database included 888 patients. Mean (SD) patient age was 73.0 (12.0) years old. They suffered from 5.5 (2.2) chronic conditions and were prescribed 7.7 (3.5) drugs; 25.7% suffered from depression. Psychological conditions were more prevalent among younger individuals (≤66 years old). Cluster analysis of chronic conditions with a prevalence ≥5% in the sample revealed four main groups of conditions: (1) cardiovascular risk factors and conditions, (2) general age-related and metabolic conditions, (3) tobacco and alcohol dependencies, and (4) pain, musculoskeletal and psychological conditions. Given the emerging epidemic of multimorbidity in industrialised countries, accurately depicting the multiple expressions of multimorbidity in family practices' patients is a high priority. Indeed, even in a setting where patients have direct access to medical specialists, GPs nevertheless retain a key role as coordinators and often as the sole medical reference for multimorbid patients

Elucidation of the Bovine Intramammary Bacteriome and Resistome from healthy cows of Swiss dairy farms in the Canton Tessin

Healthy, untreated cows of nine dairy herds from the Swiss Canton Tessin were analyzed three times within one year to identify the most abundant species of the intramammary bacteriome. Aseptically collected milk samples were cultured and bacteria identified using MALDI-TOF. Of 256 cows analyzed, 96% were bacteriologically positive and 80% of the 1,024 quarters were positive for at least one bacterial species. 84.5% of the quarters were healthy with somatic cell counts (SCC) < 200,000 cells/mL, whereas 15.5% of the quarters showed a subclinical mastitis (SCC ≥ 200,000 cells/mL). We could assign 1,288 isolates to 104 different bacterial species including 23 predominant species. Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) were most prevalent (14 different species; 73.5% quarters). Staphylococcus xylosus and Mammaliicoccus sciuri accounted for 74.7% of all NASM isolates. To describe the intramammary resistome, 350 isolates of the predominant species were selected and subjected to short-read whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phenotypic antibiotic resistance profiling. While complete genomes of eight type strains were available, the remaining 15 were de novo assembled with long reads as a resource for the community. The 23 complete genomes served for reference-based assembly of the Illumina WGS data. Both chromosomes and mobile genetic elements were examined for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using in-house and online software tools. ARGs were then correlated with phenotypic antibiotic resistance data from minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Phenotypic and genomic antimicrobial resistance was isolate-specific. Resistance to clindamycin and oxacillin was most frequently observed (65 and 30%) in Staphylococcus xylosus but could not be linked to chromosomal or plasmid-borne ARGs. However, in several cases, the observed antimicrobial resistance could be explained by the presence of mobile genetic elements like tetK carried on small plasmids. This represents a possible mechanism of transfer between non-pathogenic bacteria and pathogens of the mammary gland within and between herds. The-to our knowledge-most extensive bacteriome reported and the first attempt to link it with the resistome promise to profoundly affect veterinary bacteriology in the future and are highly relevant in a One Health context, in particular for mastitis, the treatment of which still heavily relies on antibiotics

New ABA-Hypersensitive Arabidopsis Mutants Are Affected in Loci Mediating Responses to Water Deficit and Dickeya dadantii Infection

On water deficit, abscisic acid (ABA) induces stomata closure to reduce water loss by transpiration. To identify Arabidopsis thaliana mutants which transpire less on drought, infrared thermal imaging of leaf temperature has been used to screen for suppressors of an ABA-deficient mutant (aba3-1) cold-leaf phenotype. Three novel mutants, called hot ABA-deficiency suppressor (has), have been identified with hot-leaf phenotypes in the absence of the aba3 mutation. The defective genes imparted no apparent modification to ABA production on water deficit, were inherited recessively and enhanced ABA responses indicating that the proteins encoded are negative regulators of ABA signalling. All three mutants showed ABA-hypersensitive stomata closure and inhibition of root elongation with little modification of growth and development in non-stressed conditions. The has2 mutant also exhibited increased germination inhibition by ABA, while ABA-inducible gene expression was not modified on dehydration, indicating the mutated gene affects early ABA-signalling responses that do not modify transcript levels. In contrast, weak ABA-hypersensitivity relative to mutant developmental phenotypes suggests that HAS3 regulates drought responses by both ABA-dependent and independent pathways. has1 mutant phenotypes were only apparent on stress or ABA treatments, and included reduced water loss on rapid dehydration. The HAS1 locus thus has the required characteristics for a targeted approach to improving resistance to water deficit. In contrast to has2, has1 exhibited only minor changes in susceptibility to Dickeya dadantii despite similar ABA-hypersensitivity, indicating that crosstalk between ABA responses to this pathogen and drought stress can occur through more than one point in the signalling pathway

Prise en charge du choc septique par les médecins urgentistes de Vendée (impact à trois ans de la mise en place d'un protocole)

Introduction : Une EPP réalisée en 2011 a montré une prise en charge hétérogène du choc septique dans les services d'urgences de Vendée. Depuis, un protocole et une formation ont été mis en place. Nous souhaitions faire le point trois ans plus tard. Méthode : Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective sur 16 mois, incluant tous les chocs septiques pris en charge initialement par les médecins urgentistes de Vendée et hospitalisés en réanimation au Centre Hospitalier Départemental de La Roche sur Yon. Résultats : Cent trois patients ont été étudiés. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre les deux populations concernant l'âge, le sexe, les scores de Knaus et Mac Cabe. Le remplissage était réalisé majoritairement par des cristalloïdes (77,7% vs 31% ; p<0,001). Les amines étaient prescrites dans 55,3% vs 67% (p=0,209) des cas. L'antibiothérapie était plus précoce (1h54 vs 3h21 ; p<0,001) et adaptée (75,5% vs 31% ; p<0,001). L'antibiothérapie n'était réalisée que dans 32% des cas dans l'heure suivant le diagnostic. La mortalité en réanimation a été diminuée de 54,8% (p=0,03) entre les deux études. Conclusion : La mise en place d'un protocole sepsis a montré des prises en charges plus conformes aux recommandations, et une diminution de la mortalité en réanimation de 54,8%.NANTES-BU Médecine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Correction des aberrations et mise en forme spatiale d'un faisceau laser par contrôle de phase intracavité

VERSAILLES-BU Sciences et IUT (786462101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Inférence des processus épidémiques chez la rouille du peuplier dans la vallée de la Durance

La vallée de la Durance constitue une zone propice à l’étude de la dispersion du champignon phytopathogène Melampsora larici-populina, l’agent de la rouille du peuplier. En raison du cycle de vie du champignon, ce paysage confine l’initiation des épidémies à la partie amont de la vallée (zone de présence du mélèze, hôte de la reproduction sexuée du champignon). La vallée la Durance est bordée de manière quasiment continue d’une ripisylve formée de peupliers noirs, hôtes de la reproduction asexuée et sur lequel se déroulent les épidémies résultant de la propagation du champignon par multiplication clonale. Ce système écologique en corridor canalise les épidémies de rouille du peuplier d’amont en aval de la rivière. De juillet à novembre 2008, nous avons réalisé un suivi spatio- temporel de l’incidence de la maladie sur 13 sites situés le long de la vallée de la Durance au cours de sept campagnes de notation. Ces notations ont permis de confirmer le déroulement graduel de l’épidémie de l’amont vers l’aval. Les sites sont infectés les uns après les autres en fonction de leur position le long de la vallée et l’infection arrive à saturation dans l’ordre des sites le long de la rivière. Un travail de modélisation du processus épidémiologique et d’estimation des paramètres du modèle a été effectué. Nous avons adopté une approche mécanistico-statistique dans laquelle nous avons couplé un modèle de la dynamique épidémique basé sur une équation intégro-différentielle à un modèle du processus d’observation basé sur des lois de probabilité de comptages. L’ajustement de ce modèle aux données nous a permis d’estimer les paramètres de croissance démographique et de dispersion du champignon. Cette étude démographique a été couplée à une analyse de génétique du paysage qui a permis de détecter et de tracer la dispersion de plusieurs groupes génétiques chez des individus collectés lors des campagnes de notations. Nous avons ainsi constaté l’existence de deux sources d’inoculum dont les individus contribuent à la même vague épidémique mais ne s’hybrident pas entre eux (Xhaard et al. 2012). En conclusion, nous reviendrons sur la complémentarité des approches de modélisation mécanico-statistique et d’épidémiologie moléculaire pour l’étude de la dispersion des agents pathogènes dans des paysages plus complexes

Questing Dermacentor reticulatus harbouring Babesia canis DNA associated with outbreaks of canine babesiosis in the Swiss Midlands

In 2011 and 2012, outbreaks of clinical canine babesiosis were observed in 2 areas of the Swiss Midlands that had no history of this disease so far. In one area, cases of canine babesiosis occurred over 2 consecutive tick seasons. The outbreaks involved 29 dogs, 4 of which died. All dogs were infected with large Babesia sp. as diagnosed in Giemsa-stained blood smears and/or PCR. These were identified as B. canis (formerly known as B. canis canis) by subsequent partial sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene of Babesia sp. Interestingly, the sequence indicated either a genotype with heterogeneity in the ssrRNA gene copies or double infection with different B. canis isolates. None of the dogs had a recent travel history, but one had frequently travelled to Hungary and had suffered twice from clinical babesiosis 18 and 24 months prior to the outbreak in autumn 2011. Retrospective sequencing of a stored blood DNA sample of this dog revealed B. canis, with an identical sequence to the Babesia involved in the outbreaks. For the first time in Switzerland, the partial 18S rRNA gene of B. canis could be amplified from DNA isolated from 19 out of 23 adult Dermacentor reticulatus ticks flagged in the same area. The sequence was identical to that found in the dogs. Furthermore, one affected dog carried a female D. reticulatus tick harbouring B. canis DNA. Our findings illustrate that, under favourable biogeographic and climatic conditions, the life-cycle of B. canis can relatively rapidly establish itself in previously non-endemic areas. Canine babesiosis should therefore always be a differential diagnosis when dogs with typical clinical signs are presented, regardless of known endemic areas