14 research outputs found

    O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES NA PERCEPÇÃO DOS ESTAGIÁRIOS

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    O presente artigo tem como orientação o seguinte problema: Quais os desafios e possibilidades foram percebidos pelos licenciandos no decorrer da realização das diferentes etapas do Estágio Supervisionado no curso de Licenciatura em Química? Por conseguinte, objetivamos identificar as percepções dos licenciandos em Química acerca das experiências vivenciadas no decorrer do estágio supervisionando, intencionando construir um plano de ações para aprimorar e contemplar as necessidades formativas deles. A pesquisa se caracteriza pela abordagem qualitativa desenvolvida em cinco dimensões: questionários; organização do I Encontro do Estágio Supervisionado; plano de ações; grupo focal; e proposição de alterações no regulamento do estágio. A construção de dados se deu a partir de questionário semiestruturado, registros em caderno de campo e gravação em áudio. Os investigados foram 18 alunos do curso de Licenciatura em Química de uma instituição pública federal. A trajetória de análise de dados foi do tipo analítico-descritiva a luz da literatura da área. Os resultados apontam como fragilidades e dificuldades o distanciamento entre Universidade - Escola, o espaço restrito para propor atividades junto aos professores supervisores e, o controle da turma no espaço do laboratório. Por conseguinte, a pesquisa estimulou um processo crítico reflexivo sobre o estágio, em que as “vozes” dos participantes se convergiram para (re)pensar a organização curricular das disciplinas, de forma a promover um espaço formativo dialógico, com sólida relação entre teoria e prática

    Seroepidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in population groups in Goiás

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    Submitted by Franciele Moreira ([email protected]) on 2017-12-06T14:07:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Nara Rubia de Freitas - 2017.pdf: 2833609 bytes, checksum: 076cf0403097b47f1822c7d1d4d3972d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-12-06T14:14:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Nara Rubia de Freitas - 2017.pdf: 2833609 bytes, checksum: 076cf0403097b47f1822c7d1d4d3972d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-06T14:14:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Nara Rubia de Freitas - 2017.pdf: 2833609 bytes, checksum: 076cf0403097b47f1822c7d1d4d3972d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-14Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEGHepatitis E, caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), is a major public health problem worldwide. However, studies on HEV infection are rare in Central Brazil. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of this infection, to analyze associated factors, and to detect viral RNA in anti-HEV positive samples in urban (recyclable waste pickers) and rural (residents of settlements) populations, as well as in patients with acute non-A, non- B, non-C hepatitis. A total of 1,274 individuals were studied in the state of Goiás, 431 recyclable waste pickers, 464 individuals living in rural settlements and 379 patients with non-A, non-B, non-C acute hepatitis. All participants were interviewed and blood samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of serological markers of hepatitis E (anti-HEV IgG and IgM), and the positive samples were confirmed by immunoblot. The anti-HEV IgM positive samples from recyclable waste pickers were examined for the presence of HEV RNA by nested reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), while the other groups by real-time PCR (anti-HEV IgG/IgM positive). In recyclable waste pickers, the prevalences of anti-HEV IgG and IgM markers were 5.1% (95% CI: 3.4-7.6) and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4-2.4), respectively. After multivariate analysis, age >40 years was associated with the presence of anti-HEV. For rural settlers, the anti- HEV IgG rate was 3.4% (95% CI: 2.0-5.7). None of the samples tested were positive for anti-HEV IgM. Time of dwelling in rural settlement for more than five years was associated with anti-HEV positivity. For patients with non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis, prevalences of 5.3% (95% CI: 3.3-8.2) and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.0-1.7) were estimated for anti-HEV IgG and IgM, respectively. Low level of schooling was associated with HEV seropositivity, as well as living in rural areas, with borderline p. HEV RNA was not detected in any of the tested samples from the three groups. The seroprevalences found for the anti-HEV IgG marker reveal low exposure to HEV in the three groups analyzed and rare cases of acute infection. These findings suggest that the epidemiological profile of HEV infection observed is similar to that reported in regions with low endemicity.A hepatite E, causada pelo vírus da hepatite E (HEV), tem uma elevada distribuição mundial e representa um importante problema de saúde pública. No entanto, são raros os estudos sobre a infecção pelo HEV no Brasil Central. Esta investigação teve como objetivos estimar a prevalência dessa infecção, analisar os fatores associados e detectar o RNA viral nas amostras anti-HEV reagentes em populações emergentes urbana (catadores de materiais recicláveis) e rural (moradores de assentamentos), além de pacientes com hepatite aguda não A-C. Um total de 1.274 indivíduos foi estudado no estado de Goiás, sendo 431 catadores de materiais recicláveis, 464 moradores de assentamentos rurais e 379 pacientes com hepatite aguda não A, não B, não C. Todos os participantes foram entrevistados e amostras sanguíneas testadas por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) para a detecção de marcadores sorológicos da hepatite E (anti-HEV IgG e IgM), sendo as reagentes submetidas à confirmação pelo immunoblot. As amostras anti-HEV IgM positivas de catadores de materiais recicláveis foram examinadas quanto à presença do RNA do HEV pela nested PCR pós-transcrição reversa (RT-PCR), enquanto dos demais grupos pela PCR em tempo real (amostras anti-HEV IgG/IgM reagentes). Em catadores de materiais recicláveis, as prevalências para os marcadores anti-HEV IgG e IgM foram de 5,1% (IC 95%: 3,4-7,6) e 0,7% (IC 95%: 0,4-2,4), respectivamente. Pela análise multivariada, idade >40 anos foi associada à presença de anti-HEV. Quanto aos moradores de assentamentos rurais, a taxa de anti-HEV IgG foi de 3,4% (IC 95%: 2,0- 5,7). Nenhuma das amostras testadas foi reagente para o marcador anti-HEV IgM. Tempo de moradia em assentamento rural por mais de cinco anos foi associado à positividade ao anti-HEV. Para pacientes com hepatite não A-C, prevalências de 5,3% (IC 95%: 3,3-8,2) e 0,3% (IC 95%: 0,0-1,7) foram estimadas para marcadores anti-HEV IgG e IgM, respectivamente. Baixo nível de escolaridade foi associado à soropositividade ao HEV, bem como moradia em área rural, com p limítrofe. O RNA viral não foi detectado em nenhuma das amostras testadas dos três grupos. As soroprevalências encontradas para o marcador anti-HEV IgG revelam uma exposição baixa ao HEV nos três grupos analisados e casos raros de infecção aguda. Esses achados sugerem que o perfil epidemiológico da infecção pelo HEV observado é semelhante ao reportado em regiões com baixa endemicidade

    Epidemiological aspects and hepatitis c virus genotypes in long distance truck drivers in Brazil

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    Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:30:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao nara rubia de freitas.pdf: 797605 bytes, checksum: 8cb4f0057aeb5da4a4c5a7c9db0264ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-22Globally, the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is about 3%, with a significant variation according to geographic areas and population groups. However, studies concerning this infection in truck drivers population are rare. This study aimed to determine the HCV infection prevalence, to analyse associated risk factors and also to identify this virus genotypes in a population of long distance truck drivers in Brazil. In 2005-2006, 641 truck drivers who were circulating on BR-153 Federal road were interviewed and blood samples collected. Blood samples (sera) were tested for anti-HCV antibodies detection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-HCV reactive sera were retested for confirmation by immunoblot and also for HCV RNA detection by polymerase chain reaction. HCV RNA positive samples were genotyped by line probe assay (LiPA). Nine samples were anti-HCV positive, resulting in a prevalence of 1.4% (95% CI: 0.7-2.7). By multivariate analysis, use of illicit drug and hepatitis B virus seropositivity (anti-HBc marker) were risk factors for this infection. Genotyping of HCV RNA positive samples revealed the presence of genotypes 1 (37.5%), 2 (25.0%) and 3 (37.5%). The findings of this study indicate an intermediate endemicity for HCV infection in truck drivers in Brazil, the relevance of drug use in the transmission of this agent and the circulation of genotypes 1, 2 and 3 in the studied population.Globalmente, a prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV) é de aproximadamente 3%, variando consideravelmente de acordo com as áreas geográficas e grupos populacionais. Contudo, são poucos os estudos sobre essa infecção na população de caminhoneiros. Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar a prevalência da infecção pelo HCV, analisar os fatores de risco e identificar os genótipos virais em uma população de caminhoneiros de rota longa no Brasil. Em 2005-2006, 641 motoristas de caminhão, que circulavam na Rodovia Federal BR-153, foram entrevistados e tiveram amostras sanguíneas coletadas. As amostras de sangue (soros) foram submetidas à detecção de anticorpos anti-HCV pelo ensaio imunoenzimático. Os soros reagentes foram retestados para anti-HCV por immunoblot e para a detecção do RNA viral pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. As amostras RNA-HCV positivas foram genotipadas pelo método line probe assay (LiPA). Nove amostras foram positivas para o marcador anti-HCV, resultando numa prevalência de 1,4% (IC 95%: 0,7-2,7). Pela análise multivariada, configurou-se como fatores de risco associados a esta infecção: uso de drogas ilícitas e soropositividade ao vírus da hepatite B (marcador anti-HBc). A genotipagem realizada nas amostras RNA-HCV positivas identificou os genótipos 1 (37,5%), 2 (25,0%) e 3 (37,5%). Os achados deste estudo indicam uma endemicidade intermediária para a infecção pelo HCV em caminhoneiros no Brasil, assim como a relevância do uso de drogas na transmissão desse agente e a circulação dos genótipos 1, 2 e 3 na população estudada

    Prevalence of hepatitis E virus RNA and antibodies in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients in Central Brazil

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    Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-06-12T13:14:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 andresa_lemos_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 287595 bytes, checksum: e3f18737eed7adedbd55482898af3e1e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-06-12T13:21:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andresa_lemos_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 287595 bytes, checksum: e3f18737eed7adedbd55482898af3e1e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-12T13:21:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andresa_lemos_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 287595 bytes, checksum: e3f18737eed7adedbd55482898af3e1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.To assess the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA and antibodies among kidney transplant recipients (KTR) in Central Brazil. The presence of chronic HEV infection was also investigated

    Hepatitis E virus infection in patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in Central Brazil

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    Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has a worldwide distribution and represents an important cause of acute hepatitis. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of HEV infection and factors associated with this infection in patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in Central Brazil. From April 2012 to October 2014, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in the City of Goiania, Central Brazil. Serum samples of all patients were tested for serological markers of HEV infection (anti-HEV IgM and IgG) by ELISA. Positive samples were confirmed using immunoblot test. Anti-HEV IgM and IgG positive samples were tested for HEV RNA. Of the 379 serum samples, one (0.3%) and 20 (5.3%) were positive for anti-HEV IgM and IgG, respectively. HEV RNA was not found in any sample positive for IgM and/or IgG anti-HEV. After multivariate analysis, low education level was independently associated with HEV seropositivity (p = 0.005), as well as living in rural area, with a borderline p-value (p = 0.056). In conclusion, HEV may be responsible for sporadic self-limited cases of acute hepatitis in Central Brazil

    Hepatitis E seroprevalence and associated factors in rural settlers in Central Brazil

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    Abstract INTRODUCTION: Prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and associated factors were investigated in rural settlements in Central Brazil. METHODS: A total of 464 settlers were interviewed, and serum samples were tested for anti-HEV IgG/IgM. Positive samples were tested for HEV RNA. RESULTS: Sixteen participants (3.4%; 95% CI 2.0-5.7) were positive for anti-HEV IgG. None was positive for anti-HEV IgM. HEV RNA was not detected. Dwelling in a rural settlement for >5 years was associated with HEV seropositivity. CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed the absence of acute infection and a low prevalence of previous exposure to HEV

    Hepatitis E virus infection in patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in Central Brazil

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    Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has a worldwide distribution and represents an important cause of acute hepatitis. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of HEV infection and factors associated with this infection in patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in Central Brazil. From April 2012 to October 2014, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in the City of Goiania, Central Brazil. Serum samples of all patients were tested for serological markers of HEV infection (anti-HEV IgM and IgG) by ELISA. Positive samples were confirmed using immunoblot test. Anti-HEV IgM and IgG positive samples were tested for HEV RNA. Of the 379 serum samples, one (0.3%) and 20 (5.3%) were positive for anti-HEV IgM and IgG, respectively. HEV RNA was not found in any sample positive for IgM and/or IgG anti-HEV. After multivariate analysis, low education level was independently associated with HEV seropositivity (p = 0.005), as well as living in rural area, with a borderline p-value (p = 0.056). In conclusion, HEV may be responsible for sporadic self-limited cases of acute hepatitis in Central Brazil
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