Effect of extrusion-cooking in total carotenoids content in cream and orange flesh sweet potato cultivars.

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a food crop that supplies energy, minerals and vitamins C and B. Some cultivars are very rich in carotenoids (pro-vitamin A). In this study were evaluated and compared the total carotenoids content of two cultivars and the losses on the dehydrated extruded sweet potato flour. Samples from organic and conventional crops were analyzed, in the form of fresh and dehydrated extruded samples. Total carotenoids content of the fresh product, expressed on wet basis, was of 437 µg 100 g-1 for the cream cultivar and 10,12 µg 100 g-1 for the orange cultivar. After dehydration, losses of total carotenoids were of 41% and 38%, respectively. The fresh orange cultivar presented high total carotenoids content in comparison to the cream cultivar. The extruded orange sweet potato flour showed the lowest losses in total carotenoids. Therefore, the processed flour of orange sweet potato could be used to obtain pre-gelatinized extruded flour with high total carotenoids content.A batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas) é um alimento fonte rico em energia, minerais, vitaminas C e B. Algumas cultivares são ricas em pró-vitamina A. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar e comparar o conteúdo de carotenóides totais em duas cultivares de batata-doce e determinar suas perdas na obtenção da farinha desidratada e processada por extrusão. Foram analisadas amostras de sistema de cultivo orgânico e convencional, tanto as frescas como as extrusadas desidratadas. O conteúdo de carotenóides totais do produto fresco, expressos em base úmida, foi de 437 µg 100 g-1 para a cultivar creme e de 10,120 µg 100g-1 para a cultivar alaranjada. Após o processo de desidratação das amostras, as perdas de carotenóides totais foram de 41% para a batata-doce creme e 38% para a alaranjada, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram alto conteúdo de carotenóides totais para a cultivar alaranjada fresca, quando comparado com a cultivar creme. A amostra de farinha de batata-doce extrusada apresentou menor perda de carotenóides totais. Desta forma, verifica-se que a farinha de batata-doce alaranjada pode ser utilizada na obtenção de uma farinha pré-gelatinizada com alto conteúdo de carotenóides totais

Discriminação de quatro classes de solos irrigados com águas salinas, com o uso de análise multivariada.

A salinidade do solo constitui um sério problema nas áreas irrigadas, principalmente quando sua intensidade interfere no desenvolvimento das culturas, reduzindo a produção e a produtividade das plantas, a níveis anti-econômicos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi a aplicação de análise estatística multivariada por meio de componentes principais na discriminação de diferentes classes solos irrigados com águas salinas, na região de Mossoró, RN. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 8 x 2, constituído pela combinação de quatro solos (Latossolo, Cambissolo, Argissolo e Neossolo Flúvico), oito valores de CE (100, 250, 500, 750, 1.250, 1.750, 2.250 e 3.000 mS cm -1 ) e dois de RAS (4 e 12), com três epetições. Avaliou-se a ação conjunta dos atributos químicos como os cátions trocáveis e os cátions e ânios solúveis, na iscriminação dos solos. A análise estatística multivariada de componentes principais classificou os solos em três grupos de solos de acordo com a similaridade de seus atributos químicos, independente de sua classificação taxonômica, como também permitiu a identificação de duas tendências claras de acordo com a gênese do solo, principalmente o fator de formação tempo

Queima das folhas e frutos em rambotãzeiro.

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Discovery of near-ultraviolet counterparts to millisecond pulsars in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae

We report the discovery of the likely white dwarf companions to radio millisecond pulsars 47 Tuc Q and 47 Tuc S in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. These blue stars were found in near-ultraviolet images from the Hubble Space Telescope for which we derived accurate absolute astrometry, and are located at positions consistent with the radio coordinates to within 0.016 arcsec (0.2sigma). We present near-ultraviolet and optical colours for the previously identified companion to millisecond pulsar 47 Tuc U, and we unambiguously confirm the tentative prior identifications of the optical counterparts to 47 Tuc T and 47 Tuc Y. For the latter, we present its radio-timing solution for the first time. We find that all five near-ultraviolet counterparts have U300-B390 colours that are consistent with He white dwarf cooling models for masses ~0.16-0.3 Msun and cooling ages within ~0.1-6 Gyr. The Ha-R625 colours of 47 Tuc U and 47 Tuc T indicate the presence of a strong Ha absorption line, as expected for white dwarfs with an H envelope.Comment: Accepted for publication on MNRAS. 12 pages, 5 figures, 3 table

Diferentes composições de substratos no crescimento de mudas de genótipos de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes).

Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T19:02:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EA2010487.pdf: 131204 bytes, checksum: 9842812798344d359b7b508b130a7398 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-21201

Prevalence of overweight and metabolic syndrome, and associated sociodemographic factors among adult Ecuadorian populations: the ENSANUT-ECU study

Background: Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are key risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Little information exists on the prevalence of obesity and MetS in Latin America and specifically in Ecuador. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and MetS among adults in Ecuador. Methods: We analyzed data from a nation-wide population-based survey in Ecuador (ENSANUT-ECU) among 10,318 participants (3684 men, 6634 women; age range: 18–59 years) conducted in 2012. Data related to residential location (urban versus rural), altitude ( 1500 m above sea level (MASL)), region (highland, coast, amazon, or Galápagos), and socioeconomic status were collected. BMI, waist circumference, blood lipids, glucose, and blood pressure were measured by trained fieldworkers following standardized procedures. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of overweight was 39.5%; 22.3% was obese; and 31.2% had MetS. The prevalence of obesity, low HDL-cholesterol, and abdominal obesity were higher in women than in men, whereas men had a higher prevalence of hypertension (p < 0.05). Sex differences were not observed regarding the prevalence of combined MetS. Prevalence of both obesity and MetS was higher in urban areas, at low altitude regions (coast and Galapagos), and at high socioeconomic status (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Prevalence of obesity and MetS in Ecuador are high. There are important demographic differences in the prevalence of MetS between Ecuadorian subpopulations that requires targeted research and prevention efforts, to hold and reduce the current public health problem of metabolic disorders

Mean curvature flow with triple junctions in higher space dimensions

We consider mean curvature flow of n-dimensional surface clusters. At (n-1)-dimensional triple junctions an angle condition is required which in the symmetric case reduces to the well-known 120 degree angle condition. Using a novel parametrization of evolving surface clusters and a new existence and regularity approach for parabolic equations on surface clusters we show local well-posedness by a contraction argument in parabolic Hoelder spaces.Comment: 31 pages, 2 figure

Resuscitative procedures at birth in late preterm infants

Objective: Evaluate the need for resuscitative procedures at birth, in late prematures.Study Design: This prospective cohort study enrolled all liveborn infants from 1 to 30 September 2003, with 34 to 41 weeks of gestation without congenital anomalies, born in 35 public hospitals of 20 Brazilian state capitals. Logistic regression analyzed variables associated with the need for bag and mask ventilation.Result: of the 10 774 infants studied, 1054 were late preterms and 485 required resuscitative measures. of the 1054, 338 ( 32%) received only free-flow oxygen, 143 ( 14%) were bag and mask ventilated, 27 ( 3%) were intubated and 10/27 received chest compressions and/or medications. Bag and mask ventilation in late preterms was associated with twin gestation, maternal hypertension, nonvertex presentation, cesarean delivery and lower gestational age.Conclusion: Improving control of maternal hypertension, prolonging gestation for 1 to 2 weeks and restricting operative deliveries could decrease the need of resuscitation of late preterms at birth.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, São Paulo, BrazilMed Sch Barbacena, Dept Epidemiol, Barbacena, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Pediat, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Brasilia, Dept Pediat, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Produção de mudas de Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.).

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