Удосконалення комерційної діяльності як фактор підвищення конкурентоспроможності підприємства

Additional file 5. ELISA to assess the interaction between Campylobacter -specific nanobodies and purified MOMP. The saturation binding curve of the interaction between coated MOMP (1 µg/mL) and a His-tagged nanobody (1 × 10−6 to 1 × 102 µg/mL) was obtained via ELISA. The dose-dependent inhibitory effect of a strep-tagged nanobody (1 × 10−6 to 1 × 102 µg/mL) on the interaction between His-tagged Nb84 (5.10−2 µg/mL) and MOMP (1 µg/mL), is demonstrated in the competition binding curve. Inhibition by strep-tagged (A) Nb5, (B) Nb22, (C) Nb23, (D) Nb24, (E) Nb49, (F) 84, (G) Nb15, (H) Nb32, (I) Nb34, (J) Nb45, (K) Nb48 and (L) Nb63, was assessed. The ELISA was developed with mouse anti-Histidine tag monoclonal antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. The error bars represent the standard deviations

MOESM3 of Amphibian chytridiomycosis: a review with focus on fungus-host interactions

Additional file 3. Chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards amphibian skin mucus. Experimental set-up and results from in vitro experiments examining chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards skin mucus isolated from Xenopus laevis

MOESM4 of Amphibian chytridiomycosis: a review with focus on fungus-host interactions

Additional file 4. Chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards free integumental sugars. Experimental set-up and results from in vitro experiments examing chemotaxis of B. dendrobatidis towards the free integumental sugars α-L-fucose, α-D-N-acetylgalactosamine, β-D-N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic acid or sialic acid, α-D-galactose and α-d-mannose

Boletín de Segovia: Número 120 - 1884 octubre 3

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 200

<i>Brachyspira hyodysenteriae</i> Infection Regulates Mucin Glycosylation Synthesis Inducing an Increased Expression of Core‑2 <i>O</i>‑Glycans in Porcine Colon

<i>Brachyspira hyodysenteriae</i> causes swine dysentery (SD), leading to global financial losses to the pig industry. Infection with this pathogen results in an increase in <i>B. hyodysenteriae</i> binding sites on mucins, along with increased colonic mucin secretion. We predict that <i>B. hyodysenteriae</i> modifies the glycosylation pattern of the porcine intestinal mucus layer to optimize its host niche. We characterized the swine colonic mucin <i>O</i>-glycome and identified the differences in glycosylation between <i>B. hyodysenteriae</i>-infected and noninfected pigs. <i>O-</i>Glycans were chemically released from soluble and insoluble mucins isolated from five infected and five healthy colon tissues and analyzed using porous graphitized carbon liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 94 <i>O</i>-glycans were identified, with healthy pigs having higher interindividual variation, although a larger array of glycan structures was present in infected pigs. This implied that infection induced loss of individual variation and that specific infection-related glycans were induced. The dominating structures shifted from core-4-type <i>O</i>-glycans in noninfected pigs toward core-2-type <i>O</i>-glycans in infected animals, which correlated with increased levels of the C2GnT glycosyl transferase. Overall, glycan chains from infected pigs were shorter and had a higher abundance of structures that were neutral or predominantly contained NeuGc instead of NeuAc, whereas they had a lower abundance of structures that were fucosylated, acidic, or sulfated than those from noninfected pigs. Therefore, we conclude that <i>B. hyodysenteriae</i> plays a major role in regulating colonic mucin glycosylation in pigs during SD. The changes in mucin <i>O</i>-glycosylation thus resulted in a glycan fingerprint in porcine colonic mucus that may provide increased exposure of epitopes important for host–pathogen interactions. The results from this study provide potential therapeutic targets and a platform for investigations of <i>B. hyodysenteriae</i> interactions with the host via mucin glycans

MOESM6 of In-feed bambermycin medication induces anti-inflammatory effects and prevents parietal cell loss without influencing Helicobacter suis colonization in the stomach of mice

Additional file 6. Overview of the relative fold changes of altered markers for gastric acid secretion in the bambermycin-supplemented and non-supplemented groups. The data are presented as fold changes in gene expression normalized to 3 reference genes and relative to control groups 1 and 4 (i.e. group 2-4 relative to group 1 and group 5-6 relative to group 4) which are considered as 1. The fold changes are shown as means with the standard error of the mean. Statistical differences were calculated using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis H test SPSS statistics 24®. A P-value lower than 0.05 is considered to be significant. Group 2 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; group 3 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; group 4 = H. suis-positive control group without bambermycin supplementation; group 5 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group; group 6 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group

MOESM10 of In-feed bambermycin medication induces anti-inflammatory effects and prevents parietal cell loss without influencing Helicobacter suis colonization in the stomach of mice

Additional file 10. An overview of the main differences in relative abundance of taxa at phylum, family, genus and species level in the bambermycin-supplemented and non-supplemented groups. The data are presented as the mean relative abundance of the taxa with the standard error of the mean. Statistical differences were calculated using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests with Tukey post hoc tests and Benjamini–Hochberg False Discovery Rate were performed using STAMP®. A P-value lower than 0.05 is considered to be significant

MOESM8 of In-feed bambermycin medication induces anti-inflammatory effects and prevents parietal cell loss without influencing Helicobacter suis colonization in the stomach of mice

Additional file 8. Bacterial community compositions present in the stomach of each individual mice. The cumulated histograms show the relative abundance of the identified taxa at phylum (A), family (B) or genus (C) level. At family and genus level, taxa with a relative abundance < 1% are merged in the category “others”. M1_ = group 1 = H. suis-negative control group without bambermycin supplementation; M2_ = group 2 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; M3_ = group 3 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; M4_ = group 4 = H. suis-positive control group without bambermycin supplementation; M5_ = group 5 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group; M6_ = group 6 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group. The unclassified populations correspond to defined groups of the genus level for which a taxonomical classification assignation to the genus cannot be attributed. These populations are therefore labelled with the first defined superior hierarchical taxonomic level followed by “_unclassified” to prevent confusion

MOESM7 of In-feed bambermycin medication induces anti-inflammatory effects and prevents parietal cell loss without influencing Helicobacter suis colonization in the stomach of mice

Additional file 7. Overview of the number of pyrosequencing reads for each mice. Group 1 = H. suis-negative control group without bambermycin supplementation; group 2 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; group 3 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, non-H. suis infected group; group 4 = H. suis-positive control group without bambermycin supplementation; group 5 = 32 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group; group 6 = 64 ppm bambermycin supplemented, H. suis infected group

Adhering <i>B. dendrobatidis</i> zoospore on swan toe webbings.

<p>Scanning electron microscopic image of a <i>B. dendrobatidis</i> zoospore adhering on toe webbings of a swan 30 minutes after incubation.</p