Aristide Bruant, Léon de Bercy, L’Argot au xxesiècle. Edition inversée et raisonnée du dictionnaire français-argot (1901 et 1905) par Denis Delaplace

Se il lemmario de L’Argot au xxe siècle di A. Bruant e L. de Bercy (1901; 1905) era costituito da entrate lessicali francesi mentre gli equivalenti in argot venivano forniti nel corpo dell’articolo, con la presente edizione D. Delaplace ci restituisce la struttura inversa che consente la consultazione a partire dall’entrata lessicale in argot. Il dizionario vero e proprio è preceduto da un Mode d’emploi in cui, dopo aver ricordato le principali caratteristiche dell’opera di Bruant, l’A. entra..

La definizione nel Tr\ue9sor de la Langue Fran\ue7aise: studio tipologico e metalinguistico

L'opera lessicografica pi\uf9 ponderosa della storia della lessicografia francese viene concepita nel novembre 1957 in occasione del "Colloque de Strasbourg", intrapreso su iniziativa di Paul Imbs. Debitore della tradizione inaugurata nel secolo precedente da \uc9mile Littr\ue9, il Tr\ue9sor de la Langue Fran\ue7aise richiede un lavoro di redazione che si estende su poco pi\uf9 di un trentennio: il primo volume viene pubblicato nel 1971, mentre il sedicesimo ed ultimo volume nel 1994; dal 2000, l'intera opera \ue8 consultabile in rete ad accesso libero. Con il presente lavoro intendiamo condurre uno studio tipologico e metalinguistico delle definizioni che compaiono nella microstruttura del T.L.F. Dato che i sedici volumi che compongono il Tr\ue9sor sono il risultato di momenti di riflessione che si succedono nel tempo ci preoccuperemo, in un primo momento, di collocare tale monumento lessicografico all'interno della tradizione lessicografica e lessicologica nonch\ue9, pi\uf9 ampiamente, della tradizione linguistica francese, ripercorrendo le diverse tappe storico-politiche che hanno contribuito alla realizzazione del progetto, avendo cura di soffermarci, di volta in volta, sui momenti salienti che hanno avuto ripercussioni sul lavoro di compilazione. Un dizionario deve essere in grado di confrontarsi con la tradizione e, soprattutto se elaborato in un arco di tempo molto ampio, saper mettere in discussione, con regolare periodicit\ue0, le modalit\ue0 di redazione, cercando di circoscrivere, anche a livello teorico, il proprio campo di indagine rispetto alle discipline affini e con riferimento alla linguistica. Per compilare gli articoli di dizionario che venivano loro assegnati, i redattori facevano riferimento al "Centre de documentation" che, fra le altre cose, si occupava di costituire i "dossiers de mots". Tali fascicoli, classificati in ordine alfabetico e divisi per famiglie morfologiche di parole, contenevano, per ciascun lemma, diversi tipi di informazioni: oltre ad una copia di tutti gli articoli compilati, per lo stesso lemma, dai principali dizionari della tradizione lessicografica francese, essi riportavano dati riassuntivi desunti dallo spoglio informatico e statistico del corpus. Ci siamo occupati di sottoporre a spoglio dettagliato l'insieme dei "dossiers de mots", attualmente conservato negli archivi dell'A.T.I.L.F. La presentazione dei risultati di tale spoglio, che individuano fasi diverse nella redazione dei "dossiers de mots" e di cui la metalessicografia non si \ue8 mai occupata, sino ad oggi, in maniera analitica, costituisce un primo momento di riflessione rispetto agli elementi paratestuali che hanno influito sulle modalit\ue0 di redazione. Lo spoglio \ue8 seguito dalla presentazione di un insieme di documenti interni inediti risalenti agli anni '70, destinati ai redattori: "Normes de r\ue9daction", "Pour un nouveau cahier de normes" e "Cahier de normes". Tali documenti costituiscono un insieme di norme cui i redattori dovevano attenersi ai fini di rendere la compilazione del dizionario quanto pi\uf9 omogenea e coesa. L'interesse di tali documenti, che come i "dossiers de mots" sono stati dimenticati dalla metalessicografia, \ue8 duplice: essi sono un'importante testimonianza dei principi che presiedono alla stesura della definizione e rappresentano, attraverso le diverse fasi di riflessione individuabili, uno dei rari momenti in cui la lessicografia affronta la questione della definizione dal punto di vista teorico, confrontandosi apertamente con la linguistica, nei riguardi della quale viene presa una posizione precisa. Le diverse fasi individuabili da tali elementi paratestuali emergono in maniera pi\uf9 sintetica all'interno delle prefazioni che accompagnano i volumi del T.L.F.: prendendo le mosse da quanto dichiarato, stabiliremo una corrispondenza fra le fasi individuabili dalla lettura delle prefazioni e i momenti in cui si articola la riflessione all'interno dei documenti inediti.Non disponibil

Le Grand Concours. “Dissertation sur les causes de l’universalité de la langue françoise et la durée vraisemblable de son empire” par Johann Christoph Schwab. Étude et présentation des textes par Freeman G. Henry

Antoine de Rivaral et Johann Christoph Schwab remportèrent ex-aequo le prix du Grand Concours de l’Académie des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Berlin de 1782-1784. Seul l’ouvrage de Rivarol jouit aussitôt d’une grande renommée alors que la Dissertation de Schwab tomba dans l’oubli. Afin de combler ce vide de plus de deux siècles, Freeman G. Henry nous propose le texte de Schwab dans la traduction française, qu’en fit Denis Robelot en 1803. Le texte est précédé d’un avant-propos et d’une étude ..

Paolo Frassi, La définition dans le Trésor de la Langue Française : une étude typologique et métalinguistique.

Le Trésor de la Langue Française se compose de seize pondéreux volumes contenant 54.280 articles renvoyant à autant d'entrées principales. Il s'agit, sans nul doute, du plus grand ouvrage que nous offre la tradition lexicographique française et, en même temps, du plus grand corpus où aller puiser du matériel pour toute sorte d'études concernant la définition lexicographique. Dans ma thèse j'ai analysé un échantillon de 2.174 définitions tirées du T.L.F. selon les deux perspectives typologique..

Chest sonography: a useful tool to differentiate acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema from acute respiratory distress syndrome

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Differential diagnosis between acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (APE) and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) may often be difficult. We evaluated the ability of chest sonography in the identification of characteristic pleuropulmonary signs useful in the diagnosis of ALI/ARDS and APE.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Chest sonography was performed on admission to the intensive care unit in 58 consecutive patients affected by ALI/ARDS or by acute pulmonary edema (APE).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Ultrasound examination was focalised on finding in the two groups the presence of: 1) alveolar-interstitial syndrome (AIS) 2) pleural lines abnormalities 3) absence or reduction of "gliding" sign 4) "spared areas" 5) consolidations 6) pleural effusion 7) "lung pulse".</p> <p>AIS was found in 100% of patients with ALI/ARDS and in 100% of patients with APE (p = ns). Pleural line abnormalities were observed in 100% of patients with ALI/ARDS and in 25% of patients with APE (p < 0.0001). Absence or reduction of the 'gliding sign' was observed in 100% of patients with ALI/ARDS and in 0% of patients with APE. 'Spared areas' were observed in 100% of patients with ALI/ARDS and in 0% of patients with APE (p < 0.0001). Consolidations were present in 83.3% of patients with ALI/ARDS in 0% of patients with APE (p < 0.0001). A pleural effusion was present in 66.6% of patients with ALI/ARDS and in 95% of patients with APE (p < 0.004). 'Lung pulse' was observed in 50% of patients with ALI/ARDS and in 0% of patients with APE (p < 0.0001).</p> <p>All signs, except the presence of AIS, presented a statistically significant difference in presentation between the two syndromes resulting specific for the ultrasonographic characterization of ALI/ARDS.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Pleuroparenchimal patterns in ALI/ARDS do find a characterization through ultrasonographic lung scan. In the critically ill the ultrasound demonstration of a dyshomogeneous AIS with spared areas, pleural line modifications and lung consolidations is strongly predictive, in an early phase, of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.</p

Efficacy of canakinumab in patients with Still's disease across different lines of biologic therapy: real-life data from the International AIDA Network Registry for Still's Disease

Introduction: The effectiveness of canakinumab may change according to the different times it is used after Still's disease onset. This study aimed to investigate whether canakinumab (CAN) shows differences in short- and long-term therapeutic outcomes, according to its use as different lines of biologic treatment.Methods: Patients included in this study were retrospectively enrolled from the AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) International Registry dedicated to Still's disease. Seventy-seven (51 females and 26 males) patients with Still's disease were included in the present study. In total, 39 (50.6%) patients underwent CAN as a first-line biologic agent, and the remaining 38 (49.4%) patients were treated with CAN as a second-line biologic agent or subsequent biologic agent.Results: No statistically significant differences were found between patients treated with CAN as a first-line biologic agent and those previously treated with other biologic agents in terms of the frequency of complete response (p =0.62), partial response (p =0.61), treatment failure (p &gt;0.99), and frequency of patients discontinuing CAN due to lack or loss of efficacy (p =0.2). Of all the patients, 18 (23.4%) patients experienced disease relapse during canakinumab treatment, 9 patients were treated with canakinumab as a first-line biologic agent, and nine patients were treated with a second-line or subsequent biologic agent. No differences were found in the frequency of glucocorticoid use (p =0.34), daily glucocorticoid dosage (p =0.47), or concomitant methotrexate dosage (p =0.43) at the last assessment during CAN treatment.Conclusion: Canakinumab has proved to be effective in patients with Still's disease, regardless of its line of biologic treatment

Development and Implementation of the AIDA International Registry for Patients With Still's Disease

Objective: Aim of this paper is to present the design, construction, and modalities of dissemination of the AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) International Registry for patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), which are the pediatric and adult forms of the same autoinflammatory disorder. Methods: This Registry is a clinical, physician-driven, population- and electronic-based instrument implemented for the retrospective and prospective collection of real-world data. The collection of data is based on the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) tool and is intended to obtain evidence drawn from routine patients' management. The collection of standardized data is thought to bring knowledge about real-life clinical research and potentially communicate with other existing and future Registries dedicated to Still's disease. Moreover, it has been conceived to be flexible enough to easily change according to future scientific acquisitions. Results: Starting from June 30th to February 7th, 2022, 110 Centers from 23 Countries in 4 continents have been involved. Fifty-four of these have already obtained the approval from their local Ethics Committees. Currently, the platform counts 290 users (111 Principal Investigators, 175 Site Investigators, 2 Lead Investigators, and 2 data managers). The Registry collects baseline and follow-up data using 4449 fields organized into 14 instruments, including patient's demographics, history, clinical manifestations and symptoms, trigger/risk factors, therapies and healthcare access. Conclusions: This international Registry for patients with Still's disease will allow a robust clinical research through collection of standardized data, international consultation, dissemination of knowledge, and implementation of observational studies based on wide cohorts of patients followed-up for very long periods. Solid evidence drawn from "real-life " data represents the ultimate goal of this Registry, which has been implemented to significantly improve the overall management of patients with Still's disease. NCT 05200715 available at

Axial spondyloarthritis in patients with recurrent fever attacks: data from the AIDA network registry for undifferentiated autoInflammatory diseases (USAIDs)

BeckgroundDespite the recent advances in the field of autoinflammatory diseases, most patients with recurrent fever episodes do not have any defined diagnosis. The present study aims at describing a cohort of patients suffering from apparently unexplained recurrent fever, in whom non-radiographic axial spondylarthritis (SpA) represented the unique diagnosis identified after a complete clinical and radiologic assessment.Materials and methodsPatients’ data were obtained from the international registry on Undifferentiated Systemic AutoInflammatory Diseases (USAIDs) developed by the AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) network.ResultsA total of 54 patients with recurrent fever episodes were also affected by non-radiographic axial SpA according to the international classification criteria. SpA was diagnosed after the start of fever episodes in all cases; the mean age at the diagnosis of axial SpA was 39.9 ± 14.8 years with a diagnostic delay of 9.3 years. The highest body temperature reached during flares was 42°C, with a mean temperature of 38.8 ± 1.1°C. The most frequent manifestations associated to fever were: arthralgia in 33 (61.1%) cases, myalgia in 24 (44.4%) cases, arthritis in 22 (40.7%) cases, headache in 15 (27.8%) cases, diarrhea in 14 (25.9%) cases, abdominal pain in 13 (24.1%) cases, and skin rash in 12 (22.1%) cases. Twenty-four (44.4%) patients have taken daily or on-demand non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and 31 (57.4%) patients have been treated with daily or on demand oral glucocorticoids. Colchicine was used in 28 (51.8%) patients, while other conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) were employed in 28 (51.8%) patients. Forty (74.1%) patients underwent anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents and 11 (20.4%) were treated with interleukin (IL)-1 inhibitors. The response to TNF inhibitors on recurrent fever episodes appeared more effective than that observed with anti-IL-1 agents; colchicine and other cDMARDs were more useful when combined with biotechnological agents.ConclusionSigns and symptoms referring to axial SpA should be inquired in patients with apparently unexplained recurrent fever episodes. The specific treatment for axial SpA may lead to a remarkable improvement in the severity and/or frequency of fever episodes in patients with unexplained fevers and concomitant axial SpA

Clinical and laboratory features associated with macrophage activation syndrome in Still's disease: data from the international AIDA Network Still's Disease Registry

: To characterize clinical and laboratory signs of patients with still's disease experiencing macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and identify factors associated with MAS development. patients with still's disease classified according to internationally accepted criteria were enrolled in the autoInflammatory disease alliance (AIDA) still's disease registry. clinical and laboratory features observed during the inflammatory attack complicated by MAS were included in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated to MAS development. A total of 414 patients with Still's disease were included; 39 (9.4%) of them developed MAS during clinical history. At univariate analyses, the following variables were significantly associated with MAS: classification of arthritis based on the number of joints involved (p = 0.003), liver involvement (p = 0.04), hepatomegaly (p = 0.02), hepatic failure (p = 0.01), axillary lymphadenopathy (p = 0.04), pneumonia (p = 0.03), acute respiratory distress syndrome (p &lt; 0.001), platelet abnormalities (p &lt; 0.001), high serum ferritin levels (p = 0.009), abnormal liver function tests (p = 0.009), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.002), increased LDH (p = 0.001), and LDH serum levels (p &lt; 0.001). at multivariate analysis, hepatomegaly (OR 8.7, 95% CI 1.9-52.6, p = 0.007) and monoarthritis (OR 15.8, 95% CI 2.9-97.1, p = 0.001), were directly associated with MAS, while the decade of life at Still's disease onset (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9, p = 0.045), a normal platelet count (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.01-0.8, p = 0.034) or thrombocytosis (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.0-0.2, p = 0.008) resulted to be protective. clinical and laboratory factors associated with MAS development have been identified in a large cohort of patients based on real-life data