Consistent nonparametric Bayesian inference for discretely observed scalar diffusions

We study Bayes procedures for the problem of nonparametric drift estimation for one-dimensional, ergodic diffusion models from discrete-time, low-frequency data. We give conditions for posterior consistency and verify these conditions for concrete priors, including priors based on wavelet expansions.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/11-BEJ385 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm

Nucleation in sheared granular matter

We present an experiment on crystallization of packings of macroscopic granular spheres. This system is often considered to be a model for thermally driven atomic or colloidal systems. Cyclically shearing a packing of frictional spheres, we observe a first order phase transition from a disordered to an ordered state. The ordered state consists of crystallites of mixed FCC and HCP symmetry that coexist with the amorphous bulk. The transition, initiated by homogeneous nucleation, overcomes a barrier at 64.5% volume fraction. Nucleation consists predominantly of the dissolving of small nuclei and the growth of nuclei that have reached a critical size of about ten spheres

Stop Yer Tickling, Jock!

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/6761/thumbnail.jp

The historical individuality of the Christian faith (movement)

Thesis (M. A.)--Boston University, 1936. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Crossed molecular beam: I. Photoionization studies of hydrogen sulfide and its dimer and trimer, II. A rotating source crossed molecular beam apparatus

Photoionization efficiency data for H(,2)S(\u27+), S(\u27+) and HS(\u27+) have been obtained in the region 645-1190 (ANGSTROM) using the molecular beam method. The ionization energy of H(,2)S was determined to be 10.4607 (+OR-) 0.0026 eV (1185.25 (+OR-) 0.30 (ANGSTROM)). The observed autoionizing vibrational progressions are tentatively assigned to the Rydberg transitions: 5a(,1) (---\u3e) nsa(,1) (n = 5 and 6) and 2b(,2) (---\u3e) nda(,1) (n = 4 and 5). The internal energy effects and the energetics of the ion-molecule reactions H(,2)S(\u27+) + H(,2)S (---\u3e) S(,2)(\u27+) + 2H(,2), HS(,2)(\u27+) + H(,2) + H, H(,3)S(\u27+) + HS, and H(,3)S(,2)(\u27+) + H have been studied by photoionization of hydrogen sulfide dimers which were synthesized by the molecular beam method. The appearance energy (AE) for H(,3)S(\u27+) from (H(,2)S)(,2) was determined to be 10.249 (+OR-) 0.012 eV (1209.7 (+OR-) 1.5 (ANGSTROM)). This value allows the calculation of the absolute proton affinity for H(,2)S at 0 K to be 167.2 (+OR-) 1.4 kcal/mol. Using the measured ionization energies for (H(,2)S)(,2)(\u27+) (9.596 (+OR-) 0.022 eV) and (H(,2)S)(,3)(\u27+) (0.467 (+OR-) 0.022 eV) and the estimated bonding energies for H(,2)S(.)H(,2)S and (H(,2)S)(,2)(.)H(,2)S(0.05 eV), the bond dissociation energies for H(,2)S(\u27+)(.)H(,2)S and (H(,2)S)(,2)(\u27+)(.)H(,2)S are deduced to be 0.92 (+OR-) 0.04 and 0.18 (+OR-) 0.04 eV, respectively. The AE for H(,3)S(\u27+)(.)H(,2)S from (H(,2)S)(,3) (9.84 (+OR-) 0.04 eV) also makes possible the calculation of the bond dissociation energy for H(,3) H(,3)S(\u27+)(.)H(,2)S to be 0.46 (+OR-) 0.10 eV;In the second part, a unique experimental apparatus is described for crossed neutral-neutral molecular beam studies; a rotating source crossed molecular beam apparatus. Each of the two independently rotatable beam sources is provided with two stages of differential pumping. The present beam source chambers permit any molecular beam crossing angle between 180 and 60 degrees. The detector chamber has three differentially pumped regions, the innermost of which contains the electron bombardment ionizer, quadrupole mass filter, and ion counting system which constitute the detector. This stationary detector chamber permits strong differential pumping in all regions and allows the entire detector to be translated, in vacuo over a distance of (TURN)60 cm beginning (TURN)27 cm from the beam crossing region. A particularly attractive feature of;this flexible design is the expected ease with which techniques utilizing lasers may be incorporated; (\u271)USDOE Report IS-T-1113. This work was performed under Contract W-7405-Eng-82 with the U.S. Department of Energy

Internal wave pressure, velocity, and energy flux from density perturbations

Determination of energy transport is crucial for understanding the energy budget and fluid circulation in density varying fluids such as the ocean and the atmosphere. However, it is rarely possible to determine the energy flux field $\mathbf{J} = p \mathbf{u}$, which requires simultaneous measurements of the pressure and velocity perturbation fields, $p$ and $\mathbf{u}$. We present a method for obtaining the instantaneous $\mathbf{J}(x,z,t)$ from density perturbations alone: a Green's function-based calculation yields $p$, and $\mathbf{u}$ is obtained by integrating the continuity equation and the incompressibility condition. We validate our method with results from Navier-Stokes simulations: the Green's function method is applied to the density perturbation field from the simulations, and the result for $\mathbf{J}$ is found to agree typically to within $1\%$ with $\mathbf{J}$ computed directly using $p$ and $\mathbf{u}$ from the Navier-Stokes simulation. We also apply the Green's function method to density perturbation data from laboratory schlieren measurements of internal waves in a stratified fluid, and the result for $\mathbf{J}$ agrees to within $6\%$ with results from Navier-Stokes simulations. Our method for determining the instantaneous velocity, pressure, and energy flux fields applies to any system described by a linear approximation of the density perturbation field, e.g., to small amplitude lee waves and propagating vertical modes. The method can be applied using our Matlab graphical user interface EnergyFlux