ENSAYO ACADÉMICO SOBRE ÉTICA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN

La ética en la investigación y la comunicación es esencial para la integridad y la honestidad en la realización de estudios científicos y la divulgación de sus resultados. Esto implica principios éticos clave, como el consentimiento informado de los participantes, la búsqueda del bienestar de los participantes, la no causación de daño y la justa y equitativa tratamiento de todos los participantes. La protección de los derechos de los participantes es fundamental, lo que incluye mantener la privacidad y confidencialidad de los datos recopilados. También es esencial evitar la manipulación de datos y resultados y garantizar que la investigación se lleve a cabo con integridad y honestidad. En la comunicación científica, se debe proporcionar información precisa y confiable al público, evitando la manipulación de datos y respetando la privacidad y la dignidad de las personas retratadas en los reportajes. La ética de investigación y comunicación es un tema en constante evolución, y es esencial que los profesionales estén actualizados y adapten sus prácticas en consecuencia, siendo crucial para garantizar que la información y los datos se obtengan de manera justa y responsable, protegiendo los derechos de los participantes y del público, y manteniendo la integridad de la ciencia.A ética na pesquisa e na comunicação é essencial para a integridade e honestidade na condução de estudos científicos e na divulgação de seus resultados. Isto envolve princípios éticos fundamentais, como o consentimento informado dos participantes, a procura do bem-estar dos participantes, a inexistência de danos e o tratamento justo e equitativo de todos os participantes. Proteger os direitos dos participantes é essencial, incluindo a manutenção da privacidade e confidencialidade dos dados recolhidos. É também essencial evitar a manipulação de dados e resultados e garantir que a investigação é realizada com integridade e honestidade. Na comunicação científica, devem ser fornecidas informações verdadeiras e confiáveis ​​ao público, evitando a manipulação de dados e respeitando a privacidade e a dignidade das pessoas retratadas nos relatórios. A ética na investigação e na comunicação é um tema em constante evolução, sendo essencial que os profissionais estejam atualizados e adaptem as suas práticas em conformidade, sendo crucial garantir que a informação e os dados sejam obtidos de forma justa e responsável, protegendo os direitos humanos dos participantes e do público, mantendo a integridade da ciência.  Ethics in research and communication are essential for integrity and honesty in the conduct of scientific studies and the dissemination of their results. This involves key ethical principles, such as the informed consent of participants, the pursuit of the well-being of participants, the non-causing of harm, and the fair and equitable treatment of all participants. Protecting the rights of participants is critical, including maintaining the privacy and confidentiality of the data collected. It is also essential to avoid manipulation of data and results and to ensure that research is conducted with integrity and honesty. In scientific communication, accurate and reliable information must be provided to the public, avoiding data manipulation and respecting the privacy and dignity of the people portrayed in the reports. Research and communication ethics is an ever-evolving topic, and it is essential that practitioners are up-to-date and adapt their practices accordingly, being crucial to ensuring that information and data are obtained fairly and responsibly, protecting the rights of participants and the public, and maintaining the integrity of science.La ética en la investigación y la comunicación es esencial para la integridad y la honestidad en la realización de estudios científicos y la divulgación de sus resultados. Esto implica principios éticos clave, como el consentimiento informado de los participantes, la búsqueda del bienestar de los participantes, la no causación de daño y la justa y equitativa tratamiento de todos los participantes. La protección de los derechos de los participantes es fundamental, lo que incluye mantener la privacidad y confidencialidad de los datos recopilados. También es esencial evitar la manipulación de datos y resultados y garantizar que la investigación se lleve a cabo con integridad y honestidad. En la comunicación científica, se debe proporcionar información precisa y confiable al público, evitando la manipulación de datos y respetando la privacidad y la dignidad de las personas retratadas en los reportajes. La ética de investigación y comunicación es un tema en constante evolución, y es esencial que los profesionales estén actualizados y adapten sus prácticas en consecuencia, siendo crucial para garantizar que la información y los datos se obtengan de manera justa y responsable, protegiendo los derechos de los participantes y del público, y manteniendo la integridad de la ciencia

Can whole body vibration exercises promote improvement on quality of life and on chronic pain level of metabolic syndrome patients? A pseudorandomized crossover study

Quality of life (QoL) is one of the most important health outcome concepts expressed subjectively. Chronic pain (CP) is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Taking into account the poor QoL and the CP already described in metabolic syndrome (MSy) individuals, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of whole body vibration exercises (WBVE) on these parameters in this population. Thirty-three MSy patients were divided in subgroups A [whole body vibration exercise group (WBVeG), n = 17, 15 females/2 males, 61.1 ± 8.4 yr] and B (control group, n = 16, 14 females/2 males, 58.2 ± 9.1 yr). Subgroup A performed 10 sessions (2 times/wk) of WBVE (18 min/session, with a frequency from 5 up to 14 Hz and a peak-to-peak displacement of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mm) on a side-alternating vibrating platform (VP). Subgroup B did the same protocol, but the VP was turned off. The individuals answered the World Health Organization Quality of Life bref (WHOQoL-bref) questionnaire before the first and after the 10th session. The chronic pain level (CPL) was measured by a numeric rating scale (0–10) before and at the end of each session. Significant improvements were found in physical health ( P = 0.05) and psychological health ( P = 0.04) domains of WHOQoL-bref in WBVeG. A significant acute reduction of the CPL was found in the WBVeG after the protocol, considering the first session and at the last session. WBVE marginally improved physical health and psychological health and decrease the CPL in acute interventions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Metabolic syndrome patients experience poor quality of life, frequently associated with lack of exercise and bad dietary habits. Additionally, factors such as obesity, neuromusculoskeletal impairment, and peripheral endothelial dysfunction result in a chronic pain level. Whole body vibration exercise might represent a suitable physical therapy, since it is easy to perform, low cost, safe, and capable of promoting an improvement of quality of life and reducing chronic pain level during acute interventions in metabolic syndrome individuals

ENSAIO ACADÊMICO SOBRE O SISTEMA DE SAÚDE DA COLÔMBIA: DESDE A PLANIFICAÇÃO DA SAÚDE PÚBLICA ATÉ OS DESAFIOS ATÉ A PANDÊMIA DE COVID-19

Colombia is located in South America and the capital is the city of Bogotá. With more than 50 million inhabitants, it presents one of the most well-established health systems in South America and well-respected in the world, but in practice it presents many challenges. Health spending corresponds to approximately 17% of the budget project and 3.9% of GDP. Likewise, there are still failures and complaints in the provision of services. There is a permanent tension between payers and providers. Better regulation and more effective supervision of the public and private actors that participate in the system continue to be fundamental challenges. In April 2020, health coverage covered 95% of the Colombian population, with 43% associated with the contributory system, aimed at formal workers in the sector and their families or populations with the ability to pay. Meanwhile, the Colombian health system faces a crisis of financial sustainability and, considering the inherent pressure for innovation in the health area, the Colombian government develops regulatory mechanisms to control the cost of medicines, focusing on setting their prices. prices and, more recently, in centralized negotiations. and shopping. A Colômbia está localizada na América do Sul e a capital é a cidade de Bogotá. Com mais de 50 milhões de habitantes, apresenta um dos sistemas de saúde mais bem estabelecidos da América do Sul e respeitado no mundo, mas na prática apresenta muitos desafios. Os gastos com saúde correspondem a aproximadamente 17% do projeto orçamentário e 3,9% do PIB. No entanto, ainda existem falhas e reclamações na prestação de serviços. Há uma tensão permanente entre pagadores e provedores. Uma melhor regulamentação e uma supervisão mais eficaz dos atores públicos e privados que participam do sistema continuam sendo desafios fundamentais. Em abril de 2020, a cobertura de saúde cobria 95% da população colombiana, sendo 43% associada ao sistema contributivo, destinada aos trabalhadores formais do setor e suas famílias ou populações com capacidade de pagamento. Enquanto isso, o sistema de saúde colombiano enfrenta uma crise de sustentabilidade financeira e, considerando a pressão inerente à inovação na área da saúde, o governo colombiano desenvolve mecanismos regulatórios para controlar o custo dos medicamentos, focando na fixação de seus preços e, mais recentemente, em negociações centralizadas. e compras.Colombia está ubicada en América del Sur y su capital es la ciudad de Bogotá. Con más de 50 millones de habitantes, presenta uno de los más bien establecidos sistemas de salud de la America del sur y bien respetado en el mundo, pero en la práctica presenta muchos retos. El gasto sanitario corresponde aproximadamente al 17% del proyecto presupuestario y al 3,9% del PIB. Asimismo, subsisten fallas y quejas en la prestación de los servicios. Hay una tensión permanente entre pagadores y prestadores. Una mejor regulación y una supervisión más efectiva de los actores públicos y privados que participan en el sistema continúan siendo retos fundamentales. En abril de 2020, la cobertura de salud cubría al 95% de la población colombiana, con un 43% asociado al sistema contributivo, destinado a los trabajadores formales del sector y sus familias o poblaciones con capacidad de pago. Mientras tanto, el sistema de salud colombiano enfrenta una crisis de sostenibilidad financiera y, considerando la presión inherente a la innovación en el área de la salud, el gobierno colombiano desarrolla mecanismos regulatorios para controlar el costo de los medicamentos, enfocándose en la fijación de sus precios y, más recientemente, en negociaciones centralizadas. y compras.  A Colômbia está localizada na América do Sul e a capital é a cidade de Bogotá. Com mais de 50 milhões de habitantes, apresenta um dos sistemas de saúde mais bem estabelecidos da América do Sul e respeitado no mundo, mas na prática apresenta muitos desafios. Os gastos com saúde correspondem a aproximadamente 17% do projeto orçamentário e 3,9% do PIB. No entanto, ainda existem falhas e reclamações na prestação de serviços. Há uma tensão permanente entre pagadores e provedores. Uma melhor regulamentação e uma supervisão mais eficaz dos atores públicos e privados que participam do sistema continuam sendo desafios fundamentais. Em abril de 2020, a cobertura de saúde cobria 95% da população colombiana, sendo 43% associada ao sistema contributivo, destinada aos trabalhadores formais do setor e suas famílias ou populações com capacidade de pagamento. Enquanto isso, o sistema de saúde colombiano enfrenta uma crise de sustentabilidade financeira e, considerando a pressão inerente à inovação na área da saúde, o governo colombiano desenvolve mecanismos regulatórios para controlar o custo dos medicamentos, focando na fixação de seus preços e, mais recentemente, em negociações centralizadas. e compras

Whole-body vibration improves the functional parameters of individuals with metabolic syndrome: an exploratory study

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that increases the cardiovascular risk. Regular physical exercise can promote benefits, but the MetS individuals are demotivated to perform it. Thus, new possibilities are important as an alternative intervention. The whole-body vibration can be considered an exercise modality and would be a safe and low-cost strategy to improve functional parameters of individuals in different clinical conditions. The aim of this exploratory study was to assess effects of whole-body vibration on functional parameters of MetS individuals. The hypothesis of this work was that the whole-body vibration could improve the functionality of MetS individuals. Methods Twenty-two individuals performed the intervention. The vibration frequency varied from 5 to 14 Hz and the peak-to-peak displacements, from 2.5 to 7.5 mm. Each session consisted of one minute-bout of working time followed by a one minute-bout of passive rest in each peak-to-peak displacement for three-times. The whole-body vibration protocol was applied twice per week for 5 weeks. Data from the trunk flexion, gait speed, sit-to-stand test and handgrip strength were collected. Physiological parameters (blood pressure and heart rate) were also evaluated. The Wilcoxon Rank test and Student t-test were used. Results No significant changes (p > 0.05) were observed in physiological parameters (arterial blood pressure and heart rate). Significant improvements were found in trunk flexion (p = 0.01), gait speed (p = 0.02), sit-to-stand test (p = 0.005) and handgrip strength (p = 0.04) after the whole-body vibration. Conclusions In conclusion, whole-body vibration may induce biological responses that improve functional parameters in participants with MetS without interfering in physiological parameters, comparing before and after a 5-week whole-body vibration protocol. Trial registration Register in the Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) with the number RBR 2bghmh (June 6th, 2016) and UTN: U1111–1181-1177. (virgula)

Evaluation of the temperature of posterior lower limbs skin during the whole body vibration measured by infrared thermography: Cross-sectional study analysis using linear mixed effect model.

BackgroundWhole body vibration exercise (WBVE) has been shown to improve muscular strength and power, and increase peripheral blood flow. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the skin temperature (Tsk) on regions of the lower limbs from an acute bout of WBVE.Methods and findingsCross-sectional study approved by local ethics committee (Certificado de Apresentação para Apreciação Ética-CAAE-19826413.8.0000.5259) and Trial registration (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos-REBEC-RBR-738wng). Using Infrared thermography (IRT), Tsk and thermal symmetry of the posterior lower extremities (thigh, knee, calf and heel) were examined in 19 healthy participants. IRT was assessed during 60-second WBVE exposures of 0, 30 and 50 Hz. From the adjusted linear mixed effects model, vibration frequency, time and regions of the lower extremity were significant (pConclusionsThe acute exposure of 60-second mechanical vibration has effect on the behavior of Tsk of the posterior region of the lower limbs, which is likely to be associated with a decrease on the blood flow due to WBVE. It is speculated that during WBVE a greater supply of blood is required where the body responds by shunting blood flow from the skin to working muscle in the first seconds of exercise. Further investigative work is required to verify this hypothesis

Evaluation of the Relationships between Simple Anthropometric Measures and Bioelectrical Impedance Assessment Variables with Multivariate Linear Regression Models to Estimate Body Composition and Fat Distribution in Adults: Preliminary Results

Background: Overweight and obesity are conditions associated with sedentary lifestyle and accumulation of abdominal fat, determining increased mortality, favoring chronic diseases, and increasing cardiovascular risk. Although the evaluation of body composition and fat distribution are highly relevant, the high cost of the gold standard techniques limits their wide utilization. Therefore, the aim of this work was to explore the relationships between simple anthropometric measures and BIA variables using multivariate linear regression models to estimate body composition and fat distribution in adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, sixty-eight adult individuals (20 males and 48 females) were subjected to bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), anthropometric measurements (waist circumference (WC), neck circumference (NC), mid-arm circumference (MAC)), allowing the calculation of conicity index (C-index), fat mass/fat-free mass (FM/FFM) ratios, body mass index (BMI) and body shape index (ABSI). Statistical analyzes were performed with the R program. Nonparametric Statistical tests were applied to compare the characteristics of participants of the groups (normal weight, overweight and obese). For qualitative variables, the Fisher’s exact test was applied, and for quantitative variables, the paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test. To evaluate the linear association between each pair of variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated, and Multivariate linear regression models were adjusted using the stepwise variable selection method, with Akaike Information Criterion (p ≤ 0.05). Results: BIA variables with the highest correlations with anthropometric measures were total body water (TBW), body fat percentage (BFP), FM, FFM and FM/FFM. The multiple linear regression analysis showed, in general, that the same variables can be estimated through simple anthropometric measures. Conclusions: The assessment of fat distribution in the body is desirable for the diagnosis and definition of obesity severity. However, the high cost of the instruments (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, hydrostatic weighing, air displacement plethysmography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance) to assess it, favors the use of BMI in the clinical practice. Nevertheless, BMI does not represent a real fat distribution and body fat percentage. This highlights the relevance of the findings of the current study, since simple anthropometric variables can be used to estimate important BIA variables that are related to fat distribution and body composition

Evaluation of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Neuromuscular Activation Through Electromyographic Pattern of Vastus Lateralis Muscle and on Range of Motion of Knees in Metabolic Syndrome: A Quasi-Randomized Cross-Over Controlled Trial

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is related to overweight and obesity, and contributes to clinical limitations. Exercise is used for the management of MetS individuals, who are often not motivated to perform this practice. Whole body vibration exercise (WBVE) produces several biological effects, besides being safe, effective, and feasible for MetS individuals. This pseudo-randomized and cross-over controlled trial study aimed to analyze the effects of WBVE on MetS individuals’ neuromuscular activation using the surface electromyography (sEMG) pattern (root mean square (RMS)) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle and on the range of motion (ROM) of the knees. Participants (n = 39) were allocated to two groups: the treatment group (TG), which was exposed to WBVE, and the control group (CG). WBVE interventions were performed twice a week, for a period of 5 weeks. ROM and sEMG were analyzed at baseline, after the first session, and before and after the last session. sEMG (%RMS) significantly increased in the acute effect of the last session of WBVE (108.00 ± 5.07, p < 0.008, right leg; 106.20 ± 3.53, p < 0.02, left leg) compared to the CG. ROM did not significantly change in TG or CG. In conclusion, 5 weeks of WBVE exerted neuromuscular effects capable of increasing VL muscle RMS in individuals with MetS, this effect being potentially useful in the physical rehabilitation of these individuals