Analysis of A Sequence Nucleotide Polymorphism of STAT5A Gene in Garganica Goat Breed

STATs (signal transducer and activator of transcription) are a group of transcription factors that mediate actions of a variety of peptide hormones and cytokines within target cells (for example prolactin and growth hormone). In particular, STAT5A gene is a candidate marker for quantitative traits in farm animals. In this study, the STAT5A/Eco81I polymorphism was investigated with PCR-RFLP in a sample of Garganica goats. Garganica breed is an Italian goat breed that originates in the Gargano promontory, in Apulia region, by crossing the autochthonous population of goat with west European goats. Garganica breed show an exceptional ability to adapt to particularly difficult environments, as well as an extraordinary capacity to utilize poor pasture that would not otherwise be used. The investigated polymorphism is a substitution C→T at position 6852 within the exon 7 of the STAT5A gene. Only two out of three possible genotypes were identified in the population. The allelic frequencies of alleles C and T were 0.863 and 0.137 respectively and the population was kept in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Moreover, some population genetic indices were also reported

Analysis of a sequence nucleotide polymorphism of STAT5A gene in Garganica goat breed

STATs (signal transducer and activator of transcription) are a group of transcription factors that mediate actions of a variety of peptide hormones and cytokines within target cells (for example prolactin and growth hormone). In particular, STAT5A gene is a candidate marker for quantitative traits in farm animals. In this study, the STAT5A/Eco81I polymorphism was investigated with PCR-RFLP in a sample of Garganica goats. Garganica breed is an Italian goat breed that originates in the Gargano promontory, in Apulia region, by crossing the autochthonous population of goat with west European goats. Garganica breed show an exceptional ability to adapt to particularly difficult environments, as well as an extraordinary capacity to utilize poor pasture that would not otherwise be used. The investigated polymorphism is a substitution C→T at position 6852 within the exon 7 of the STAT5A gene. Only two out of three possible genotypes were identified in the population. The allelic frequencies of alleles C and T were 0.863 and 0.137 respectively and the population was kept in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Moreover, some population genetic indices were also reported

Iron Speciation of Natural and Anthropogenic Dust by Spectroscopic and Chemical Methods

In this work, we have characterized the iron local structure in samples of two different types of atmospheric dust using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and selective leaching experiments. Specifically, we have investigated samples of long-range transported Saharan dust and freshly emitted steel plant fumes with the aim of individuating possible fingerprints of iron in the two cases. Findings include (1) prevalence of octahedral coordinated Fe 3 + for all samples; (2) presence of 6-fold coordinated Fe 3 + , aluminosilicates and iron oxy(hydr)oxides in Saharan dust and (3) of Fe-bearing spinel-like structures in the industrial fumes; (4) general predominance of the residual insoluble fraction with a notable difference: 69% for Saharan dust and 93% for steel production emissions, associated with aluminosilicates and non-reducible iron oxy(hydr)oxides, and Fe spinels, respectively. The remarkable differences between the X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectra and leaching test results for the two sample types suggest the possibility to exploit the present approach in more complex cases. To this aim, two additional case studies of mixed aerosol samples are presented and discussed

GnRH agonist versus GnRH antagonist in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET)

Several protocols are actually available for in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer. The review summarizes the main differences and the clinic characteristics of the protocols in use with GnRH agonists and GnRH antagonists by emphasizing the major outcomes and hormonal changes associated with each protocol. The majority of randomized clinical trials clearly shows that in "in Vitro" Fertilization and Embryo Transfer, the combination of exogenous Gonadotropin plus a Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonist, which is able to suppress pituitary FSH and LH secretion, is associated with increased pregnancy rate as compared with the use of gonadotropins without a GnRH agonist. Protocols with GnRH antagonists are effective in preventing a premature rise of LH and induce a shorter and more cost-effective ovarian stimulation compared to the long agonist protocol. However, a different synchronization of follicular recruitment and growth occurs with GnRH agonists than with GnRH antagonists. Future developments have to be focused on timing of the administration of GnRH antagonists, by giving a great attention to new strategies of stimulation in patients in which radio-chemotherapy cycles are needed

High complication rate in Crohn's disease surgery following percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal abscess: a multicentre study

Intra-abdominal abscesses complicating Crohn's disease (CD) present an additional challenge as their presence can contraindicate immunosuppressive treatment whilst emergency surgery is associated with high stoma rate and complications. Treatment options include a conservative approach, percutaneous drainage, and surgical intervention. The current multicentre study audited the short-term outcomes of patients who underwent preoperative radiological drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses up to 6 weeks prior to surgery for ileocolonic CD

High complication rate in Crohn's disease surgery following percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal abscess: a multicentre study

Introduction: Intra-abdominal abscesses complicating Crohn's disease (CD) present an additional challenge as their presence can contraindicate immunosuppressive treatment whilst emergency surgery is associated with high stoma rate and complications. Treatment options include a conservative approach, percutaneous drainage, and surgical intervention. The current multicentre study audited the short-term outcomes of patients who underwent preoperative radiological drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses up to 6 weeks prior to surgery for ileocolonic CD. Methods: This is a retrospective, multicentre, observational study promoted by the Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR), including all adults undergoing ileocolic resection for primary or recurrent CD from June 2018 to May 2019. The outcomes of patients who underwent radiological guided drainage prior to ileocolonic resection were compared to the patients who did not require preoperative drainage. Postoperative morbidity within 30 days of surgery was the primary endpoint. Postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) and anastomotic leak rate were the secondary outcomes. Results: Amongst a group of 575 included patients who had an ileocolic resection for CD, there were 36 patients (6.2%) who underwent abscess drainage prior to surgery. Postoperative morbidity (44.4%) and anastomotic leak (11.1%) were significantly higher in the group of patients who underwent preoperative drainage. Conclusions: Patients with Crohn's disease who require preoperative radiological guided drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses are at increased risk of postoperative morbidity and septic complications following ileocaecal or re-do ileocolic resection

Clinical Study Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life after Restorative Proctocolectomy in Paediatric Patients: A Case-Control Study

Background. Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) has some peculiarities in paediatric ulcerative colitis (UC). Aims. The primary aim was to compare the bowel function of patients undergoing IPAA between those operated on in childhood and adulthood. The secondary aim was to compare the quality of life (QoL) and outcomes for children between medical and surgical therapies. Method. Children undergoing IPAA were compared with adult patients undergoing IPAA between 2007 and 2012. Function was assessed 1 year after ileostomy closure. Function and QoL of medically managed paediatric patients were compared with their surgical counterparts. Results. Twelve paediatric IPAA patients were compared with 24 adult ones. Acute presentation was common in the former, usually after failed biological treatment. Recurrent pouchitis was more frequent in children. Younger patients exhibited a trend toward better discrimination and continence. QoL was excellent in both groups. Twelve medically treated children were enrolled for secondary aim. Functioning was similar in IPAA-and medically managed children, but the former had a better QoL, confirmed by parents' perception. Conclusions. Similar function is achieved by IPAA in childhood or adulthood. IPAA may offer a better QoL compared to prolonged medical management. The beneficial effects of IPAA experienced by children were similarly observed by their parents