XYZ studies at BESIII

A review of few of the most recent results on XYZ studies at BESIII is reported. Thanks to its unique data sample of 5.1fb−1 in the energy range between 3.8 and 4.6GeV, BESIII can give a significant contribution in this field. Among the others we discuss some of the most recent results on Zc states, the first observation of e+e− → ωχc0 at s =4 .23 and 4.26GeV as well as the measurements of the cross-sections of ωχcj and ηJ/ψ

Heart failure: A difficult case of diagnostic definition

Abstract We describe the case of a 58year old man, who had recently undergone a coronary angioplasty with implantation of DES on the proximal circumflex branch and MO1 proximal for a NSTEMI, who had come to the emergency department complaining of severe pain in the back radiating in the precordial region. A few days later he developed a framework of acute heart failure with severe left ventricular dysfunction, accompanied by fever and blood cultures positive for Staphylococcus aureus . Instrumental examinations showed a massive coronary pseudoaneurysm originating from the circumflex branch ostium, which led to compressive action against anterior descending artery

Dinamica olomorfa nei punti di Cremer

In questa tesi si studiano alcuni casi particolari della dinamica olomorfa nell'intorno di un punto fisso. Dopo una trattazione dei casi noti, ci si concentra sui punti di Cremer, che presentano alcuni problemi aperti. In questo caso si presenta la dimostrazione di Perez-Marco di un teorema che dice che in un intorno di un punto di Cremer c'è un orbita, diversa dal punto stesso, che si accumula nel punto

Minimality of hyperplane arrangements and configuration spaces: a combinatorial approach

The theory of Hyperplane Arrangements (more generally, Subspace Arrangements) is developing in the last (at least) three decades as an interesting part of Mathematics, which derives from and at the same time connects different classical branches. Among them we have: the theory of root systems (so, indirectly, Lie theory); Singularity theory, by the classical connection with simple singularities and braid groups and related groups (Artin groups); Combinatorics, through for example Matroid and Oriented Matroid theory; Algebraic Geometry, in connection with certain moduli spaces of genus zero curves and also through the classical study of the topology of Hypersurface complements; the theory of Generalized Hypergeometric Functions, and the connected development of the study of \emph{local system} cohomologies; recently, the theory of box splines, partition functions, index theory. Most of the theory is spread into a big number of papers, but there exists also (few) dedicated books, or parts of books, as \cite{goresky_mcpherson}, \cite{orlik_terao}, and the recent book \cite{deconcini_procesi}. The subject of this thesis concerns some topological aspects of the theory which we are going to outline here. So, consider an hyperplane arrangement $\mathcal A$ in $\R^n.$ We assume here that $\mathcal A$ is finite, but most of the results hold with few modifications for any affine (locally finite) arrangement. It was known by general theories that the complement to the complexified arrangement $\mathcal M(\mathcal A)$ has the homotopy type of an $n-$dimensional complex, and in \cite{salvetti87} an explicit construction of a combinatorial complex (denoted since then as the Salvetti complex, here denoted by $\S$) was made. In general, such complex has more $k-$cells than the $k$-th Betti number of $\mathcal M(\mathcal A).$ It has been known for a long time that the cohomology of the latter space is free, and a combinatorial description of such cohomology was found (see \cite{orlik_terao} for references). The topological type of the complement is not combinatorial for general arrangements, but it is still unclear if this is the case for special classes of arrangements. Nevertheless, suspecting special properties for the topology of the complement, it was proven that the latter enjoys a strong \emph{minimality} condition. In fact, in \cite{dimca_papadima},\cite{randell} it was shown that $\mathcal M(\mathcal A)$ has the homotopy type of a $CW$-complex having exactly $\beta_k$ $k$-cells, where $\beta_k$ is the $k$-th Betti number. This was an \emph{existence-type} result, with no explicit description of the minimal complex. A more precise description of the minimal complex, in the case of real defined arrangements, was found in \cite{yoshinaga}, using classical Morse theory. A better explicit description was found in \cite{salvsett}, where the authors used Discrete Morse theory over $\S$ (as introduced in \cite{forman, forman1}). There they introduce a \emph{total} ordering (denoted \emph{polar ordering}) for the set of \emph{facets} of the induced stratification of $\R^n,$ and define an explicit discrete vector field over the face-poset of $\S$. There are as many \emph{$k$-critical cells} for this vector field as the $k-$th Betti number ($k\geq 0$). It follows from discrete Morse theory that such a discrete vector field produces: i) a homotopy equivalence of $\S$ with a minimal complex; ii) an explicit description (up to homotopy) of the boundary maps of the minimal complex, in terms of \emph{alternating paths}, which can be computed explicitly from the field. A different construction (which has more combinatorial flavor) was given in \cite{delucchi} (see also \cite{delucchi_settepanella}). In this thesis we consider this kind of topological problems around minimality. First, even if the above construction allows in theory to produce the minimal complex explicitly, the boundary maps that one obtains by using the alternating paths are not \emph{themselves minimal,} in the sense that several pairs of the same critical cell can delete each other inside the attaching maps of the bigger dimensional critical cells. So, a problem is to produce a minimal complex with \emph{minimal} attaching maps. We are able to do that in the two-dimensional affine case (see chapter \ref{sec:formula}, \cite{gaiffimorisalvetti}). Next, we generalize the construction of the vector field to the case of so called \emph{$d$-complexified} arrangements. First, consider classical Configuration Spaces in $\R^d$ (sometimes written as $F(n,\R^d)$) : they are defined as the set of ordered $n-$tuples of \emph{pairwise different} points in $\R^d.$ Taking coordinates in $(\R^d)^n=\R^{nd}$ $$x_{ij},\ i=1,\dots,n,\ j=1,\dots,d,$$ one has $$F(n,\R^d)\ =\ \R^{nd}\setminus\cup_{i\neq j}\ H_{ij}^{(d)},$$ where $H_{ij}^{(d)}$ is the codimension $d$-subspace $$\cap_{k=1,\dots,d}\ \{x_{ik}=x_{jk}\}.$$ So, the latter subspace is the intersection of $d$ hyperplanes in $\R^{nd},$ each obtained by the hyperplane $H_{ij}=\{x\in\R^n\ :\ x_i=x_j\},$ considered on the $k-$th component in $(\R^n)^d=\R^{nd},$ $k=1,\dots,d.$ By a \emph{Generalized Configuration Space} (for brevity, simply a Configuration Space) we mean an analog construction, which starts from any \emph{Hyperplane Arrangement} \A in $\R^n$. For each $d>0,$ one has a\ $d-$\emph{complexification} \ \A^{(d)}\subset M^d of \A, which is given by the collection \{H^{(d)},\ H\in\A\} of the \emph{$d$-complexified} subspaces. The \emph{configuration space} associated to \A is the complement to the subspace arrangement \M^{(d)}\ =\ \M(\A)^{(d)} :=\ (\R^n)^d \setminus \bigcup_{H\in \A} H^{(d)}\ . For $d=2$ one has the standard complexification of a real hyperplane arrangement. There is a natural inclusion \M^{(d)}\hookrightarrow \M^{(d+1)} and the limit space is contractible (in case of an arrangement associated to a reflection group $W,$ the limit of the orbit space with respect to the action of $W$ gives the classifying space of $W;$ see \cite{deconcini_salvetti00}) . In this thesis we give an explicit construction of a minimal CW-complex for the configuration space \M(\A)^{(d)}, for all $d\geq 1.$ That is, we explicitly produce a $CW$-complex having as many $i$-cells as the $i$-th Betti number $\beta_i$ of \M(\A)^{(d)}, $i\geq 0$. For $d=1$ the result is trivial, since \M^{(1)} is a disjoint union of convex sets (the \emph{chambers}). Case $d=2$ was discussed above. For $d>2$ the configuration spaces are simply-connected, so by general results they have the homotopy type of a minimal $CW$-complex. Nevertheless, having explicit "combinatorial" complexes is useful in order to produce geometric bases for the cohomology. In fact, we give explicit bases for the homology (and cohomology) of \Md{d+1} which we call ($d$)-\emph{polar bases}. As far as we know, there is no other precise description of a geometric $\Z$-basis in the literature, except for some particular arrangements, in spite of the fact that the $\Z$-module structure of the homology is well known: it derives from a well known formula in \cite{goresky_mcpherson} that such homology depends only on the intersection lattice of the $d$-complexification \A^{(d)}, and such lattice is the same for all $d\geq 1.$ The tool we use here is still discrete Morse theory. Starting from the previous explicit construction in \cite{deconcini_salvetti00} of a non-minimal $CW$-complex (see also \cite{bjorner_ziegler}) which we denote here by $\S^{(d)},$ which has the homotopy type of \M^{(d+1)}, we construct an explicit \emph{combinatorial gradient vector field} on $\S^{(d)}$ and we give a precise description of the critical cells. One finds that critical cells live in dimension $id,$ for $i=1,\dots,n',$ where $n'$ is the \emph{rank} of the arrangement \A ($n'\leq n$). Notice that the proof of minimality, in case $d>2,$ is straightforward from our construction because of the gap between the dimensions of the critical cells. One can conjecture that \emph{torsion-free subspace arrangements are minimal}: that is, when the complement of the arrangement has torsion-free cohomology, then it is a minimal space. We pass now to a more precise description of the contents of the several parts of the thesis. Chapters \ref{prerequisiti}, \ref{sottospazi} and \ref{salvettisettepanella} are introductive, the original part can be found at most in chapters \ref{sec:formula} and \ref{configuration}. Chapter \ref{prerequisiti} is an introductory collection of the main tools needed in the following parts. It includes: Orlik-Solomon algebra and related topics, as the so called \emph{broken circuit bases}; the definition of Salvetti complex; the main definitions and results of the Discrete Morse Theory, following the original work by Forman (\cite{forman,forman1}). In chapter \ref{sottospazi} we deal with general subspace arrangements. In section \ref{Gorformula} we recall Goresky-MacPherson formula. We consider here the explicit example given in \cite{jewell} of a subspace arrangement such that its complement is not torsion-free. This arrangement is composed with six codimensional-5 coordinate subspaces in $\R^{10}$ (we make complete computation of the cohomology of the complement by using Goresky-MacPherson formula). In section \ref{spaziconfigurazione} we define generalized $d-$configuration spaces \mathcal{M}(\A)^{(d)}, and the generalized Salvetti complex $\S^{(d)},$ whose cells correspond to all \emph{chains} (C\ where $C$ is a chamber and the $F_i$'s are facets of the induced stratification \Fi(\A) of $\R^n$ (and \< is the standard face-ordering in \Fi(\A)). In chapter \ref{salvettisettepanella} we present the reduction of the complex $\S=\S^{(1)}$ using discrete Morse theory, following \cite{salvsett}. We define a system of polar coordinates in $\R^n$, and the induced polar ordering on the stratification \Fi(\A). Next, we define a gradient vector field $\Gamma$ on the set of cells of $\S$; the critical cells of $\Gamma$ are in one-to-one correspondence with the cells of a new $CW$-complex, which has the same homotopy type as $\S.$ One can verify that the number of critical cells of dimension $k$ equals the $k-$th Betti number, so the latter $CW$-complex is minimal. The main original part of our thesis is contained in the last two chapters. In chapter \ref{sec:formula} we consider the two-dimensional case. For any affine line arrangement \A, we give explicit \emph{minimal} attaching maps for the minimal two-complex corresponding to the polar gradient vector field. After considering the central case, the proof is by induction on the number of $0$-dimensional facets of \A. Of course, presentations of the fundamental group of the complement follow straightforward from these explicit boundary formulas. In chapter \ref{configuration} we apply discrete Morse theory to the complex $\S^{(d)}$. Even if the philosophy here is similar to that used for $d=1$, the extension to the case $d>1$ is not trivial. To construct a gradient field on $\S^{(d)},$ we have to consider on the $i$th-component of the chains (C\ either the polar ordering which is induced on the arrangement "centered" in the $(i+1)$th-component of the chain, or the opposite of such ordering, according to the parity of $d-i.$ Then we use a double induction over $d$ and the dimension of a sub-arrangement of \A. Several examples are considered in order to better illustrate our results

Eco-sustainable systems based on poly(lactic acid), diatomite and coffee grounds extract for food packaging

In the food packaging sector many efforts have been (and are) devoted to the development of new materials in order to reply to an urgent market demand for green and eco-sustainable products. Particularly a lot of attention is currently devoted both to the use of compostable and biobased polymers as innovative and promising alternative to the currently used petrochemical derived polymers, and to the re-use of waste materials coming from agriculture and food industry. In this work, multifunctional eco-sustainable systems, based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as biopolymeric matrix, diatomaceous earth as reinforcing filler and spent coffee grounds extract as oxygen scavenger, were produced for the first time, in order to provide a simultaneous improvement of mechanical and gas barrier properties. The influence of the diatomite and the spent coffee grounds extract on the microstructural, mechanical and oxygen barrier properties of the produced films was deeply investigated by means of X-Ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), uniaxial tensile tests, O2 permeabilimetry measurements. An improvement of both mechanical and oxygen barrier properties was recorded for systems characterised by the co-presence of diatomite and coffee grounds extract, suggesting a possible synergic effect of the two additives

Recent results on nucleon electromagnetic form factors at BESIII

We report recent results of Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors at the BESIII experiment. The BESIII detector is installed at the BEPCII electron-positron collider in Beijing (PRC) with a center-of-mass energy range between between 2.0 and 4.9 GeV. The Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors has been measured in BESIII both via direct e+e− annihilation and initial-state-radiation technique

latest results of stopped k physics with finuda

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Adverse reaction to benzathine benzylpenicillin due to soy allergy: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Soybean allergy is one of the most common food allergies especially among children. The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) in the US requires the labeling of soy lecithin because it is derived from soybeans and may contain a number of IgE-binding proteins, possibly representing a source of hidden allergens. Here we describe a pediatric case of soy allergy misunderstood as drug allergy. CASE PRESENTATION: An 11-year-old Caucasian girl was referred to our Allergy Unit because of the delayed appearance of an itching papular rash at the site of an injection of benzathine benzylpenicillin delivered by prefilled syringe. A skin test with benzathine benzylpenicillin and detection of serum-specific IgE to penicilloyl V, penicilloyl G, ampicillin and amoxicillin were negative. From her past medical history we know that, at the age of three years, she presented with edema of the lips and difficulty in breathing after eating a soy ice-cream. For that reason, she underwent a skin prick test with soybean that was negative and a serum-specific IgE to soybean test that was weakly positive (0.21KU/L). She underwent an oral provocation test with soy milk that yielded a positive result. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a case of a patient with a delayed reaction to soy as a hidden allergen in a benzathine benzylpenicillin prefilled syringe. This case shows that lecithin contaminated by soy proteins and used as an excipient in drugs can cause reactions in patients with soy allergy. For that reason, the source of lecithin should always be specified among the constituents of drugs to avoid a source of hidden allergens and difficulties in the allergy work-up