Cytogenetic and Molecular Predictors of Outcome in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia: Recent Developments

During the last decade a tremendous technologic progress based on genome-wide profiling of genetic aberrations, structural DNA alterations, and sequence variations has allowed a better understanding of the molecular basis of pediatric and adult B/T- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), contributing to a better recognition of the biological heterogeneity of ALL and to a more precise definition of risk factors. Importantly, these advances identified novel potential targets for therapeutic intervention. This review will be focused on the cytogenetic/molecular advances in pediatric and adult ALL based on recently published articles

Teneurs en haloformes de l'eau des piscines publiques et conséquences pour les usagers et la législation

La désinfection des eaux de piscine avec le chlore induit la formation d'haloformes dont les propriétés irritantes apparaissent importantes. Les teneurs en haloformes mesurées dans deux piscines publiques sont stables au cours de la journée, mais diffèrent de façon très importante selon la qualité de l'eau et du traitement. Une extrapolation de ces valeurs a été tentée pour évaluer l'apport pour un nageur, qui n'est pas négligeable et de loin supérieur à ce qui est accepté dans le cadre de la norme eau de distribution publique. Il conviendrait donc de réfléchir à une certaine homogénéité entre les législations et probablement mettre en place des normes différentes pour certains usagers (nageurs de compétition, bébés nageurs), et les installations recevant des usagers occasionnels

Primeral-predit 1997 Couts des solutions de reduction des polluants emis par les transports routiers

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 400 (2223) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEAgence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie (ADEME), 92 - Vanves (France)FRFranc

Le transport des petroles bruts lourds sous forme d'emulsions huile dans eau

SIGLECNRS-CDST / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

RF characterization of intracellular microalgae lipids

This work presents an original approach to sense the lipid intracellular content of microalgae, by the Radio Frequency (RF) dielectric spectral characterization of these unicellular organisms. To do so, a "homemade" open-ended coaxial sensor was associated to a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA), which allowed a broadband characterization in the frequency range from 30MHz to 3GHz. The sensor combines a coaxial line with a modified SMA connector. This study shows that the lipid quantification can be determined with the complex dielectric spectra properties extracted from the reflection coefficient (S) measurement. A calibration of the open-ended coaxial probe is performed by using three different conditions (vacuum, water, methanol) from which the complex dielectric behavior is mastered. A model inversion is finally achieved to estimate the complex permittivity spectrum of the biological samples in a large frequency range, which is related to the microalgae lipid content

A multicentre analysis of catheter-related infection based on a hierarchical model.

International audiencePURPOSE: To decrease intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired catheter-related infections (CRI), it is essential that healthcare workers receive training and that quality improvement programmes are in place. The aim of our study was to evaluate risk factors for catheter colonisation and infection, focussing specifically on local care bundles. METHODS: Data were collected prospectively in 51 ICUs [7,188 patients, 8,626 central venous catheters (CVCs)] during two 6-month periods in 2007 and 2008, using a standardized questionnaire on catheter insertion, care and removal. Colonisation and CRI incidence were 6.1 and 2.2/1,000 CVC-days, respectively. A hierarchical mixed logistic model was used to identify risk factors for CRI and colonisation. RESULTS: Written CVC protocols were available in 46 (90 %) ICUs and were strictly followed in 38 ICUs. Factors significantly associated with CRI fell into three overall categories: (1) patient-related factors-immunosuppression [odds ratio (OR) 1.42, p = 0.02], medical diagnosis at admission (OR 1.64, p = 0.03) and trauma patient (OR 2.54, p < 0.001); (2) catheter-related factors-catheter rank (OR 1.7, p < 0.0001, non-subclavian catheter (OR 2.1, p < 0.001) and longer time with the catheter (p < 10(-4)); (3) centre-related factors-quantitative tip culture method (OR 2.55, p = 0.005) and alcohol-based povidone-iodine [OR 0.68, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.49-0.96] or alcohol-based chlorhexidine preparations (OR 0.69, 95 % CI 0.34-1.39) as compared to an aqueous povidone-iodine preparation (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We identified several risk factors for CRI that are amenable to improvement (preference for the subclavian route and use of an antiseptic solution containing alcohol). However, several patient-related factors were also found, and the use of quantitative catheter culture methods increased culture sensitivity, thereby increasing the CRI rate. Case-mix issues and the culture method should be taken into account when assessing the risk of CRI across centres