58 research outputs found

    Implementation of a Discrete Element Method for the space-time modeling of loading in the case of a soft shock: qualitative approach

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    The aim of this study is to modelize the space-time loading induced on a target by a deformable impactor, in the case of a ”soft” shock.The originality of this work resides in the use of discrete elements to model the behaviour of the impactor, where large displacements an ddeformations can occur .A qualitative analysis is then developed to describe the changes in load applied to the target, as a function of the parameters relevant to such a shock.AN

    Reliability approach for safe designing on a locking system

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    The aim of this work is to predict the failure probability of a locking system. This failure probability is assessed using complementary methods: the First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) and Second-Order Reliability Method (SORM) as approximated methods, and Monte Carlo simulations as the reference method. Both types are implemented in a specific software [Phimeca software. Software for reliability analysis developed by Phimeca Engineering S.A.] used in this study. For the Monte Carlo simulations, a response surface, based on experimental design and finite element calculations [Abaqus/Standard User’s Manuel vol. I.], is elaborated so that the relation between the random input variables and structural responses could be established. Investigations of previous reliable methods on two configurations of the locking system show the large sturdiness of the first one and enable design improvements for the second one

    Modélisation 3D d'un composite UD par la Méthode des Eléments Discrets

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    Dans ces travaux, la MĂ©thode des ElĂ©ments Discrets (MED) est mise Ă  profit pour la modĂ©lisation 3D d'un matĂ©riau composite unidirectionnel. %L'intĂ©rĂȘt d'introduire les ElĂ©ments Discrets (ED) Ă  l'Ă©chelle des constituants (fibre et matrice) est de pouvoir, Ă  terme, rendre compte de mĂ©canismes de dĂ©gradation locaux (micro-fissuration matricielle, dĂ©cohĂ©sion fibre/matrice, rupture de fibre) propres Ă  ce type de matĂ©riau. L'objectif Ă  court terme est d'utiliser cette mĂ©thode pour traiter localement les endommagements induits par un choc tout en l'associant, au delĂ  de la zone endommagĂ©e Ă  une modĂ©lisation plus conventionnelle de type ElĂ©ments Finis (EF) [1]. Les modĂ©lisations gĂ©omĂ©triques de la fibre et de la matrice sont d'abord prĂ©sentĂ©es. La phase de calibration des paramĂštres intrinsĂšques du modĂšle par ED rĂ©gissant le comportement matĂ©riel des milieux fibre et matrice d'une part, et de l'interface fibre/matrice d'autre part, est ensuite dĂ©taillĂ©e. Le comportement de chaque constituant est Ă  ce stade supposĂ© Ă©lastique fragile. Une analyse, Ă  la fois qualitative et quantitative, est finalement rĂ©alisĂ©e sur les cas tests de traction longitudinale et transverse, et de cisaillement dans le plan des fibres et hors plan, pour une cellule Ă©lĂ©mentaire reprĂ©sentative. Les rĂ©sultats sont comparĂ©s Ă  ceux connus de la littĂ©rature [2].Dans ces travaux, la MĂ©thode des ElĂ©ments Discrets (MED) est mise Ă  profit pour la modĂ©lisation 3D d'un matĂ©riau composite unidirectionnel. %L'intĂ©rĂȘt d'introduire les ElĂ©ments Discrets (ED) Ă  l'Ă©chelle des constituants (fibre et matrice) est de pouvoir, Ă  terme, rendre compte de mĂ©canismes de dĂ©gradation locaux (micro-fissuration matricielle, dĂ©cohĂ©sion fibre/matrice, rupture de fibre) propres Ă  ce type de matĂ©riau. L'objectif Ă  court terme est d'utiliser cette mĂ©thode pour traiter localement les endommagements induits par un choc tout en l'associant, au delĂ  de la zone endommagĂ©e Ă  une modĂ©lisation plus conventionnelle de type ElĂ©ments Finis (EF) [1]. Les modĂ©lisations gĂ©omĂ©triques de la fibre et de la matrice sont d'abord prĂ©sentĂ©es. La phase de calibration des paramĂštres intrinsĂšques du modĂšle par ED rĂ©gissant le comportement matĂ©riel des milieux fibre et matrice d'une part, et de l'interface fibre/matrice d'autre part, est ensuite dĂ©taillĂ©e. Le comportement de chaque constituant est Ă  ce stade supposĂ© Ă©lastique fragile. Une analyse, Ă  la fois qualitative et quantitative, est finalement rĂ©alisĂ©e sur les cas tests de traction longitudinale et transverse, et de cisaillement dans le plan des fibres et hors plan, pour une cellule Ă©lĂ©mentaire reprĂ©sentative. Les rĂ©sultats sont comparĂ©s Ă  ceux connus de la littĂ©rature [2]

    Spintronique, de la magnétorésistance géante aux Skyrmions magnétiques et isolants topologiques

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    International audienceThis article aims at giving a general presentation of spintronics, an important field of research developing today along many new directions in physics of condensed matter. We tried to present simply the physical phenomena involved in spintronics – no equations but many schematics. We also described the applications of spintronics, those of today and those expected to have an important impact on the next developments of the information and communication technologies.Cet article se veut une prĂ©sentation gĂ©nĂ©rale de la spintronique. C’est aujourd’hui un important domaine de recherche qui se dĂ©veloppe sur de nombreux nouveaux axes de la physique de la matiĂšre condensĂ©e. Nous avons voulu prĂ©senter simplement les phĂ©nomĂšnes physiques impliquĂ©s dans la spintronique – sans Ă©quations mais avec de nombreux schĂ©mas. Nous dĂ©crivons aussi les applications de la spintronique, celles d’aujourd’hui et celles dont l’on attend un impact important sur les prochains dĂ©veloppements des technologies de l’information et de la communication

    Investigation of damage mechanisms in 3D interlock textile composites under low velocity soft impact loading

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    Performances of a three-dimensional (3-D) woven composites subjected to impact loading are investigated in this study. Low velocity (lower than 10 m.s-1) impacts with largely deformable rubber impactors are adressed. Variability issues by performing repeated impact tests in the same conditions and the mass velocity effect on damage tolerance by varying the impact conditions are the main points of interest. Force-time and force-displacement curves and damage mechanisms observed on micrographies are particularly commented.AN

    Implementation of a Discrete Element Method for the space-time modeling of loading in the case of a soft shock: qualitative approach

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    The aim of this study is to modelize the space-time loading induced on a target by a deformable impactor, in the case of a ”soft” shock.The originality of this work resides in the use of discrete elements to model the behaviour of the impactor, where large displacements an ddeformations can occur .A qualitative analysis is then developed to describe the changes in load applied to the target, as a function of the parameters relevant to such a shock.AN

    Multi-scale characterisation of material properties of composite fabrics through modal tests

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    One of the main issues of composite materials is related to the difficulty of characterising the material properties at mesoscopic and microscopic scales. Classical mechanical tests are not able to provide the full set of 3D properties : these tests can provide only the in-plane elastic properties of the constitutive lamina. Therefore, to go beyond the main restrictions imposed by standard destructive tests, this work deals with the problem of characterising the material properties of a multilayer composite plate, through a non-destructive modal test performed at the macro-scale : a multi-scale identification strategy (MSIS) is proposed. The MSIS aims at identifying the constitutive properties by exploiting the information restrained in the composite macroscopic dynamical response. The MSIS relies on the strain energy homogenisation technique of periodic media and on a gradient-based algorithm to perform the solution search. The identification problem is stated as a constrained inverse problem, where the objective function depends upon both experimental and numerical natural frequencies of the specimen. In this background, the optimisation variables are both geometrical and material properties of the constitutive phases composing the representative volume element. The effectiveness of the approach will be proven through a campaign of tests conducted on multilayer composites.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 642121

    Reliability approach for safe designing on a locking system

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    The aim of this work is to predict the failure probability of a locking system. This failure probability is assessed using complementary methods: the First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) and Second-Order Reliability Method (SORM) as approximated methods, and Monte Carlo simulations as the reference method. Both types are implemented in a specific software [Phimeca software. Software for reliability analysis developed by Phimeca Engineering S.A.] used in this study. For the Monte Carlo simulations, a response surface, based on experimental design and finite element calculations [Abaqus/Standard User’s Manuel vol. I.], is elaborated so that the relation between the random input variables and structural responses could be established. Investigations of previous reliable methods on two configurations of the locking system show the large sturdiness of the first one and enable design improvements for the second one

    Reliability approach on impacted composite materials for railways

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    This paper deals with a reliability approach applied on composite plates which should be used in railway structures under low velocity impact loading.Impacted composite plates in bending configuration are considered as an application of the reliability approach to composite materials. Mass of projectile, height of fall and distance between supports are the three variables considered. A limit state function G is defined by the impact force compared to a critical one. Using reliability approach, the reliability indexallows to estimate the probability of failurePf. It is then assessed for several values of the critical force using Monte Carlo direct method and First Order Reliability Method (FORM) approximated method. For FORM method, genetic algorithms are investigated to obtain the best reliability index. Results obtained by the approximated FORM method are finally discussed and compared to Monte Carlo simulations considered as a reference

    Modélisation 3D d'un composite UD par la Méthode des Eléments Discrets

    Get PDF
    Dans ces travaux, la MĂ©thode des ElĂ©ments Discrets (MED) est mise Ă  profit pour la modĂ©lisation 3D d'un matĂ©riau composite unidirectionnel. %L'intĂ©rĂȘt d'introduire les ElĂ©ments Discrets (ED) Ă  l'Ă©chelle des constituants (fibre et matrice) est de pouvoir, Ă  terme, rendre compte de mĂ©canismes de dĂ©gradation locaux (micro-fissuration matricielle, dĂ©cohĂ©sion fibre/matrice, rupture de fibre) propres Ă  ce type de matĂ©riau. L'objectif Ă  court terme est d'utiliser cette mĂ©thode pour traiter localement les endommagements induits par un choc tout en l'associant, au delĂ  de la zone endommagĂ©e Ă  une modĂ©lisation plus conventionnelle de type ElĂ©ments Finis (EF) [1]. Les modĂ©lisations gĂ©omĂ©triques de la fibre et de la matrice sont d'abord prĂ©sentĂ©es. La phase de calibration des paramĂštres intrinsĂšques du modĂšle par ED rĂ©gissant le comportement matĂ©riel des milieux fibre et matrice d'une part, et de l'interface fibre/matrice d'autre part, est ensuite dĂ©taillĂ©e. Le comportement de chaque constituant est Ă  ce stade supposĂ© Ă©lastique fragile. Une analyse, Ă  la fois qualitative et quantitative, est finalement rĂ©alisĂ©e sur les cas tests de traction longitudinale et transverse, et de cisaillement dans le plan des fibres et hors plan, pour une cellule Ă©lĂ©mentaire reprĂ©sentative. Les rĂ©sultats sont comparĂ©s Ă  ceux connus de la littĂ©rature [2]
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