Reduced-Order Modeling of Reacting Supersonic Flows in Scramjet Nozzles

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83629/1/AIAA-2010-6958-311.pd

Reduced-Order Modeling of Two-Dimensional Supersonic Flows with Applications to Scramjet Inlets

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83559/1/AIAA-46521-633.pd

Preliminary Design Methodology for Hypersonic Engine Flowpaths

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76758/1/AIAA-2009-7289-311.pd

The temporal sensitivity to the tactile-induced double flash illusion mediates the impact of beta oscillations on schizotypal personality traits

The coherent experience of the self and the world depends on the ability to integrate vs. segregate sensory information. Optimal temporal integration between the senses is mediated by oscillatory properties of neural activity. Previous research showed reduced temporal sensitivity to multisensory events in schizotypy, a personality trait linked to schizophrenia. Here we used the tactileinduced Double-Flash-Illusion (tDFI) to investigate the tactile-to-visual temporal sensitivity in schizotypy, as indexed by the temporal window of illusion (TWI) and its neural underpinnings. We measured EEG oscillations within the beta band, recently shown to correlate with the tDFI. We found individuals with higher schizotypal traits to have wider TWI and slower beta waves accounting for the temporal window within which they perceive the illusion. Our results indicate reduced tactile-to-visual temporal sensitivity to mediate the effect of slowed oscillatory beta activity on schizotypal personality traits. We conclude that slowed oscillatory patterns might constitute an early marker for psychosis proneness

PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF UNDERWATER 3D MODELS OF SEABED AND ARTIFACTS

The digital representation of hydraulic engineering works such as dykes or barriers is a sector that is becoming increasingly important. In general, however, the 3D relief of semi-submerged structures is still a problem. The Geomatics Laboratory in collaboration with CNR-IPCF of Messina as part of a broader project to analyze the variations of the coast lines and the seabed of the province of Reggio Calabria (southern Italy), has developed an experimental system of acquisition and processing of digital images acquired via UAV and (Remotely operated vehicle) ROV. The present note describes the design and construction characteristics of the ROV realized and used, the advantages and limitations of the use of a small and low-cost ROV, as well as the results obtained during the experimentation phase. The process of surveying of the sub-emerged structure inquired and the relative construction of a unique 3D model are also described. The two surveys were first elaborated separately and then united in a single reference system by means of the visible markers in the area straddling the sea surface. Finally, the bathymetry values obtained from the classic echo sounder system and those obtained from the model obtained were compared

Reduced-Order Modeling of Turbulent Reacting Flows with Application to Ramjets and Scramjets

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90621/1/AIAA-50272-117.pd

Lymphatic, blood vessel and perineural invasion identifies early-stage high-risk radically resected gastric cancer patients

The availability of different treatment options for radically resectable gastric cancer reopened the question of treatment selection and correct definition of high-risk categories. Lymphatic, blood vessel and perineural invasion (LBVI/PNI) seem to possess the necessary potential to provide useful information for the clinical management of this disease. Seven hundred and thirty-four patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomy were analysed according to the presence of LBVI/PNI. Patients were divided into two groups: group A for patients with LBVI/PNI (189 patients 26%) and group B for patients without LBVI/PNI (545 patients, 74%). The disease-free survival (DFS) for patients in group A was 32.1 months, whereas it was not reached for patients in group B (P=0.0001); the median overall survival was 45.5 months for patients in group A, whereas it was not reached for patients in group B (P=0.0001). At multivariate analysis, the presence of LBVI/PNI appeared an independent prognostic factor for DFS and OS. Our results were confirmed in subgroup analysis, separately considering stage I and early gastric cancer patients with and without LBVI/PNI. Taken together, our findings suggest the importance of LBVI/PNI in gastric cancer as it may provide additional information for identifying patients at high risk, who may be candidates for further medical treatment after or before surgery

Respiratory distress and perinatal lethality in Nedd4-2-deficient mice

The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is essential for sodium homoeostasis in many epithelia. ENaC activity is required for lung fluid clearance in newborn animals and for maintenance of blood volume and blood pressure in adults. In vitro studies show that the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 ubiquitinates ENaC to regulate its cell surface expression. Here we show that knockout of Nedd4-2 in mice leads to increased ENaC expression and activity in embryonic lung. This increased ENaC activity is the likely reason for premature fetal lung fluid clearance in Nedd4-2−/− animals, resulting in a failure to inflate lungs and perinatal lethality. A small percentage of Nedd4-2−/− animals survive up to 22 days, and these animals also show increased ENaC expression and develop lethal sterile inflammation of the lung. Thus, we provide critical in vivo evidence that Nedd4-2 is essential for correct regulation of ENaC expression, fetal and postnatal lung function and animal survival

COVID-19 in breast cancer patients: a subanalysis of the OnCovid registry

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients are at higher risk of COVID-19 complications and mortality than the rest of the population. Breast cancer patients seem to have better prognosis when infected by SARS-CoV-2 than other cancer patients. METHODS: We report a subanalysis of the OnCovid study providing more detailed information in the breast cancer population. RESULTS: We included 495 breast cancer patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mean age was 62.6 years; 31.5% presented more than one comorbidity. The most frequent breast cancer subtype was luminal-like (n = 245, 49.5%) and 177 (35.8%) had metastatic disease. A total of 332 (67.1%) patients were receiving active treatment, with radical intent in 232 (47.6%) of them. Hospitalization rate was 58.2% and all-cause mortality rate was 20.3%. One hundred twenty-nine (26.1%) patients developed one COVID-19 complication, being acute respiratory failure the most common (n = 74, 15.0%). In the multivariable analysis, age older than 70 years, presence of COVID-19 complications, and metastatic disease were factors correlated with worse outcomes, while ongoing anticancer therapy at time of COVID-19 diagnosis appeared to be a protective factor. No particular oncological treatment was related to higher risk of complications. In the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 73 (18.3%) patients had some kind of modification on their oncologic treatment. At the first oncological reassessment (median time: 46.9 days ± 36.7), 255 (51.6%) patients reported to be fully recovered from the infection. There were 39 patients (7.9%) with long-term SARS-CoV-2-related complications. CONCLUSION: In the context of COVID-19, our data confirm that breast cancer patients appear to have lower complications and mortality rate than expected in other cancer populations. Most breast cancer patients can be safely treated for their neoplasm during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Oncological treatment has no impact on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 complications, and, especially in the curative setting, the treatment should be modified as little as possible

Time-Dependent COVID-19 Mortality in Patients with Cancer: An Updated Analysis of the OnCovid Registry

Importance: Whether the severity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with cancer have improved in terms of disease management and capacity is yet to be defined. Objective: To test whether severity and mortality from COVID-19 among patients with cancer have improved during the course of the pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participants: OnCovid is a European registry that collects data on consecutive patients with solid or hematologic cancer and COVID-19. This multicenter case series study included real-world data from 35 institutions across 6 countries (UK, Italy, Spain, France, Belgium, and Germany). This update included patients diagnosed between February 27, 2020, and February, 14, 2021. Inclusion criteria were confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and a history of solid or hematologic cancer. Exposures: SARS-CoV-2 infection. Main Outcomes and Measures: Deaths were differentiated at 14 days and 3 months as the 2 landmark end points. Patient characteristics and outcomes were compared by stratifying patients across 5 phases (February to March 2020, April to June 2020, July to September 2020, October to December 2020, and January to February 2021) and across 2 major outbreaks (February to June 2020 and July 2020 to February 2021). Results: At data cutoff, 2795 consecutive patients were included, with 2634 patients eligible for analysis (median [IQR] age, 68 [18-77] years; 52.8% men). Eligible patients demonstrated significant time-dependent improvement in 14-day case-fatality rate (CFR) with estimates of 29.8% (95% CI, 0.26-0.33) for February to March 2020; 20.3% (95% CI, 0.17-0.23) for April to June 2020; 12.5% (95% CI, 0.06-22.90) for July to September 2020; 17.2% (95% CI, 0.15-0.21) for October to December 2020; and 14.5% (95% CI, 0.09-0.21) for January to February 2021 (all P <.001) across the predefined phases. Compared with the second major outbreak, patients diagnosed in the first outbreak were more likely to be 65 years or older (974 of 1626 [60.3%] vs 564 of 1008 [56.1%]; P =.03), have at least 2 comorbidities (793 of 1626 [48.8%] vs 427 of 1008 [42.4%]; P =.001), and have advanced tumors (708 of 1626 [46.4%] vs 536 of 1008 [56.1%]; P <.001). Complications of COVID-19 were more likely to be seen (738 of 1626 [45.4%] vs 342 of 1008 [33.9%]; P <.001) and require hospitalization (969 of 1626 [59.8%] vs 418 of 1008 [42.1%]; P <.001) and anti-COVID-19 therapy (1004 of 1626 [61.7%] vs 501 of 1008 [49.7%]; P <.001) during the first major outbreak. The 14-day CFRs for the first and second major outbreaks were 25.6% (95% CI, 0.23-0.28) vs 16.2% (95% CI, 0.13-0.19; P <.001), respectively. After adjusting for country, sex, age, comorbidities, tumor stage and status, anti-COVID-19 and anticancer therapy, and COVID-19 complications, patients diagnosed in the first outbreak had an increased risk of death at 14 days (hazard ratio [HR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.47-2.32) and 3 months (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08-1.51) compared with those diagnosed in the second outbreak. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this registry-based study suggest that mortality in patients with cancer diagnosed with COVID-19 has improved in Europe; this improvement may be associated with earlier diagnosis, improved management, and dynamic changes in community transmission over time.