Smallest maximal matchings in the graph of the d-dimensional cube

AbstractThe ratio of the number of edges in a smallest maximal matching to the number of vertices in the graph of the d-dimensional cube has limit 13 as d approaches infinity

No a los talles únicos: inclusión educativa en aulas del Uruguay y Estados Unidos.

Abstract. The United States has become the source of new ideas about the public treatment of people with disabilities. Many countries are considering adopting policies modeled on those introduced in the United States. The idea of mainstreaming children with disabilities in schools -i.e., placing them in regular classrooms rather than providing them with special education facilities- has become widespread in the U.S. Given the transnational flow of ideas and the prestige the United States enjoys for its educational system and its treatment of citizens with disabilities, many other countries are considering following the U.S. lead. However, I argue that problems in implementing the policy and the negative consequences of mainstreaming children with disabilities in U.S. public schools would likely be aggravated if this policy was applied in less developed countries such as Uruguay, where the idea has reached the government and voices have been raised advocating the policy. In this case study, I analyze the challenges in and results of implementing the policy of mainstreaming in the United States, and then analyze likely outcomes in Uruguay, a country with fewer resources, a different culture and history, should it chose to follow the U.S. model.Resumen. Los Estados Unidos se han convertido en fuente de ideas sobre el tratamiento de personas con discapacidades. Muchos países están considerando adoptar políticas inspiradas en las allí iniciadas. La idea de integrar a los niños discapacitados en las escuelas –en vez de enviarlos a instalaciones específicas para la educación especial- se ha extendido en los Estados Unidos y, dado el flujo transnacional de ideas, muchos otros países están considerando seguir este modelo. Sin embargo, considero que los problemas en la implementación de estas políticas y las consecuencias negativas de la integración de los niños con discapacidades en las escuelas públicas de los Estados Unidos probablemente se agravarían de aplicar políticas similares en países menos desarrollados, como Uruguay, donde la idea ha llegado al gobierno y se han levantado voces que defienden la integración. En esta investigación, analizaré los desafíos y probables consecuencias que tendría, en Uruguay, la adhesión al modelo estadounidense

No a los talles únicos: inclusión educativa en aulas del Uruguay y Estados Unidos.

Abstract. The United States has become the source of new ideas about the public treatment of people with disabilities. Many countries are considering adopting policies modeled on those introduced in the United States. The idea of mainstreaming children with disabilities in schools -i.e., placing them in regular classrooms rather than providing them with special education facilities- has become widespread in the U.S. Given the transnational flow of ideas and the prestige the United States enjoys for its educational system and its treatment of citizens with disabilities, many other countries are considering following the U.S. lead. However, I argue that problems in implementing the policy and the negative consequences of mainstreaming children with disabilities in U.S. public schools would likely be aggravated if this policy was applied in less developed countries such as Uruguay, where the idea has reached the government and voices have been raised advocating the policy. In this case study, I analyze the challenges in and results of implementing the policy of mainstreaming in the United States, and then analyze likely outcomes in Uruguay, a country with fewer resources, a different culture and history, should it chose to follow the U.S. model.Resumen. Los Estados Unidos se han convertido en fuente de ideas sobre el tratamiento de personas con discapacidades. Muchos países están considerando adoptar políticas inspiradas en las allí iniciadas. La idea de integrar a los niños discapacitados en las escuelas –en vez de enviarlos a instalaciones específicas para la educación especial- se ha extendido en los Estados Unidos y, dado el flujo transnacional de ideas, muchos otros países están considerando seguir este modelo. Sin embargo, considero que los problemas en la implementación de estas políticas y las consecuencias negativas de la integración de los niños con discapacidades en las escuelas públicas de los Estados Unidos probablemente se agravarían de aplicar políticas similares en países menos desarrollados, como Uruguay, donde la idea ha llegado al gobierno y se han levantado voces que defienden la integración. En esta investigación, analizaré los desafíos y probables consecuencias que tendría, en Uruguay, la adhesión al modelo estadounidense

On fundamental mechanisms in dye sensitized solar cells through the behaviour of different mesoporous titanium dioxide films

Understanding mechanisms in DSSCs is fundamental for their improvement; this includes the nanocrystalline semiconducting layer behaviour. Different mesoporous TiO2 layers are fabricated and analyzed for possible use in DSSC solar cells. The preparations included the addition of P123 triblock copolymer as structuring agent to the synthesized anatase sol. This preparation was also mixed with Degussa P25 nanoparticles in one case and polystyrene latex in another. Mesoporous mixed TiO2-SiO2 thin layers were also analyzed. The diverse morphology and features are studied by microscopic techniques and by means of spectral quantum efficiency of a photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) that uses as photoelectrode the unsensitized porous TiO\_2 layer. Contact angle measurements are also performed. We have found that a very high specific area due to very small nanocrystals and small pores can hinder electrolyte penetration in the pores formed by TiO\_2 nanograins, affecting photoelectrodes efficiency

Beyond academics : dropout prevention summer school programs in the transition to secondary education

Educational transitions, for example from primary to secondary school, have been associated with school drop-outs, particularly for students from lower socio-economic backgrounds. As a response, some educational systems have implemented summer programs, although with mixed results. Yet, these evaluations mostly assess programs' quantitative impact on academic outcomes. This article therefore aims at an in-depth exploration of the benefits and challenges of a Uruguayan summer school program for preventing dropout in the transition to secondary school. Results underpin summer peer interactions, teacher-student relations and extra-curricular activities shape positive pre-entry expectations of at-risk students, which secondary schools cannot always fulfill

Considération sur le renseignement, la défense nationale et l’État secret en France aux XIXe et XXe siècles

Cet article se propose d’étudier, de manière conceptuelle, les relations entre le développement d’un État moderne en France, spécialement aux XIXe et XXe siècles et l’émergence des services de renseignement comme composante du pouvoir d’État. Les récentes recherches conduites par des historiens français ont notamment porté sur des moments clés de cette évolution depuis l’affaire Schnaebelé en 1887 et le Front populaire en 1937, jusqu’à la Ve République.Consideration on Intelligence, National Defence and Secret State in France in the ninetieth and the twentieth century. This article propose a short conceptual focus on the relationship between the development of the modern state in France, especially in the ninetieth and the twentieth century, and the emergence of intelligence services as organs of state power. Recent researches of French historians have developed analyses on two moments of this evolution, through the “affaire Schnaebelé in 1887 and the “Front populaire” en 1937, until the Ve République

Generating derivative structures: Algorithm and applications

We present an algorithm for generating all derivative superstructures--for arbitrary parent structures and for any number of atom types. This algorithm enumerates superlattices and atomic configurations in a geometry-independent way. The key concept is to use the quotient group associated with each superlattice to determine all unique atomic configurations. The run time of the algorithm scales linearly with the number of unique structures found. We show several applications demonstrating how the algorithm can be used in materials design problems. We predict an altogether new crystal structure in Cd-Pt and Pd-Pt, and several new ground states in Pd-rich and Pt-rich binary systems