Bioactive amines in mozzarella cheese from milk with varying somatic cell counts

The influence of somatic cells counts (SCC) in milk on bioactive amines in Mozzarella cheese was investigated. High SCC milk had lower lactose and higher pH compared to low and medium SCC. Low spermine levels were found in milk irrespective of SCC. The cheeses had similar characteristics, but the extension and depth of proteolysis increased with SCC. Cheese from all SCC categories contained spermine; whereas tyramine and tryptamine were only detected in cheese from high SCC milk. During 60-days refrigerated storage, significant positive effects were observed between SCC and proteolysis, storage time and pH and storage time and proteolysis. There was a significant positive effect of storage time on spermine and serotonin levels. Only cheese from high SCC milk showed significantly higher serotonin levels. Tyramine and tryptamine were found in cheese from high SCC milk

Composição centesimal e aceitação de lingüiça elaborada com reduzido teor de gordura e adicionada de concentrados protéicos de soro de leite Centesimal composition and acceptance of sausages produced with reduced tenor of fat and added of whey protein concentrates

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a composição centesimal e aceitação de lingüiças de carne suína fabricadas com Concentrado Protéico do Soro (WPC) ou com concentrado protéico, com elevado teor de b-lactoglobulina, como substitutos da gordura. Foram realizados sete tratamentos, um grupo controle, contendo 20% de gordura, e seis tratamentos com reduzido teor de gordura, contendo diferentes níveis de adição de WPC ou de fração de b-lactoglobulina, a saber, três tratamentos com 10% de gordura e adição de três diferentes concentrações de WPC (0,2%, 0,5% e 1,0%) e três tratamentos com 10% de gordura e três diferentes níveis de concentrado protéico, com elevado teor de b-lactoglobulina (0,1%, 0,3% e 0,6%). O experimento foi realizado com cinco repetições, contendo todos os tratamentos. Foram realizadas análises em dois tempos de avaliação, um dia após a fabricação e após um período de sete dias de estocagem a aproximadamente 4&deg;C. Foram realizadas análises de proteína (g/100g), gordura (g 100g-1), umidade (g 100g-1), estimativa de valor calórico (kcal 100g-1) e análise sensorial. Os resultados dos teores de proteína, gordura e valor calórico apresentaram diferença (P&pound;0,05) entre o grupo controle e os demais tratamentos. Os resultados das análises de umidade e sensorial não apresentaram diferenças (P>0,05). As proteínas lácteas foram eficazes na substituição da gordura de lingüiças de carne suína, em todos os tratamentos realizados, atendendo às especificações do Regulamento Técnico de Identidade e Qualidade das Lingüiças do Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento, mantendo a qualidade sensorial.<br>The objective of the research was to evaluate the composition and acceptance of pork sausages manufactured with whey protein concentrate (WPC) or with protein concentrate containing high level of b-lactoglobulin (hereof called b-lactoglobulin) as fat substitutes. Seven treatments were established, a control containing 20% of fat, and six containing different levels of WPC or b-lactoglobulin addition (three treatments containing 10% of fat and 0.2%, 0.5% or 1.0% of WPC, and three treatments containing 10% of fat and 0.1%, 0.3% or 0.6% of b-lactoglobulin). Each treatment was repeated in five batches, and the samples of each batch was evaluated the first and seventh day after processing and storage at 4&deg;C. The samples were analyzed for protein (g 100g-1), fat (g 100g-1), moisture content (g 100g-1), caloric value (kcal/g) and sensory analyses. The results of protein, fat and caloric value were different between the group control and the other treatments (P&pound;0.05). Additionally, the moisture content and sensory analyses results showed that there was no difference (P>0.05) for the different treatments used in this experiment. The protein concentrates were efficient for the fat substitution in pork sausages, in the treatment levels used in the current experiment, complying with the specifications of the Brazilian legal requirements

Milk quality parameters associated with the occurrence of veterinary drug residues in bulk tank milk

Veterinary drug residues in bulk tank milk are important to all sectors of the dairy chain because they are one of the major factors which determine the safety of the final product. This study attempted to identify milk quality parameters that are associated with the occurrence of veterinary drug residues using multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 132 raw milk samples were collected from 45 dairy farms in the state of Minas Gerais - Brazil and analyzed for 42 analytes, including pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones and antibacterials, using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem mode and gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Out of the 132 milk samples, 40 samples tested positive for at least one analyte (above the detection limit). The milk parameters associated with the antimicrobial residues by confirmatory tests were lactose and nonfat concentrations, as revealed by PCA. This analysis showed that fat and total solid concentrations, as well as the somatic cell and total bacteria counts were associated with macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk. A PCA assessing pyrethroid residues in bulk tank milk revealed that the lactose and nonfat solid concentrations and titratable acidity were inversely associated with these residues. Thus, the data analysis indicated that the veterinary drug residues were associated with certain milk quality parameters that can be used to target farms at higher risk of veterinary drug residue contamination for testing programs in combination with incentives, education and training programs to improve mammary health, milk hygiene and safety

Scientia Agricola Milk quality parameters associated with the occurrence of veterinary drug residues

ABSTRACT: Veterinary drug residues in bulk tank milk are important to all sectors of the dairy chain because they are one of the major factors which determine the safety of the final product. This study attempted to identify milk quality parameters that are associated with the occurrence of veterinary drug residues using multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 132 raw milk samples were collected from 45 dairy farms in the state of Minas Gerais -Brazil and analyzed for 42 analytes, including pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones and antibacterials, using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem mode and gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Out of the 132 milk samples, 40 samples tested positive for at least one analyte (above the detection limit). The milk parameters associated with the antimicrobial residues by confirmatory tests were lactose and nonfat concentrations, as revealed by PCA. This analysis showed that fat and total solid concentrations, as well as the somatic cell and total bacteria counts were associated with macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk. A PCA assessing pyrethroid residues in bulk tank milk revealed that the lactose and nonfat solid concentrations and titratable acidity were inversely associated with these residues. Thus, the data analysis indicated that the veterinary drug residues were associated with certain milk quality parameters that can be used to target farms at higher risk of veterinary drug residue contamination for testing programs in combination with incentives, education and training programs to improve mammary health, milk hygiene and safety

Milk quality parameters associated with the occurrence of veterinary drug residues in bulk tank milk

ABSTRACT Veterinary drug residues in bulk tank milk are important to all sectors of the dairy chain because they are one of the major factors which determine the safety of the final product. This study attempted to identify milk quality parameters that are associated with the occurrence of veterinary drug residues using multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 132 raw milk samples were collected from 45 dairy farms in the state of Minas Gerais - Brazil and analyzed for 42 analytes, including pyrethroids, macrocyclic lactones and antibacterials, using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem mode and gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Out of the 132 milk samples, 40 samples tested positive for at least one analyte (above the detection limit). The milk parameters associated with the antimicrobial residues by confirmatory tests were lactose and nonfat concentrations, as revealed by PCA. This analysis showed that fat and total solid concentrations, as well as the somatic cell and total bacteria counts were associated with macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk. A PCA assessing pyrethroid residues in bulk tank milk revealed that the lactose and nonfat solid concentrations and titratable acidity were inversely associated with these residues. Thus, the data analysis indicated that the veterinary drug residues were associated with certain milk quality parameters that can be used to target farms at higher risk of veterinary drug residue contamination for testing programs in combination with incentives, education and training programs to improve mammary health, milk hygiene and safety