Collective Spin Fluctuation Mode and Raman Scattering in Superconducting Cuprates

Although the low frequency electronic Raman response in the superconducting state of the cuprates can be largely understood in terms of a d-wave energy gap, a long standing problem has been an explanation for the spectra observed in the $A_{1g}$ polarization orientations. We present calculations which suggest that the peak position of the observed $A_{1g}$ spectra is due to a collective spin fluctuation mode.Comment: 4 pages, 5 eps figure

THE EFFECT OF LOAD CARRIAGE AND SCHOOLBAG DESIGN ON LATERAL TRUNK POSTURE DURING STAIRS DESCENT IN CHILDREN

The aim of this study was to investigate the way that the schoolbag weight combined with carrying method effects the trunk posture laterally during stairs descent. Thirteen male children performed stairs ascending and descending on a 33-step staircase at their natural cadence for three complete cycles with athletic bag and backpack, each with loads of 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% of their body weight. The trunk posture of one complete gait cycle during every descent was analyzed. Significant load effects on trunk posture were found when the load was increased from 0% to 15% when carrying athletic bag, and when the load was increased to 20% when carrying backpack. For loads of 10%, 15% and 20% the body weight, a backpack design significantly reduced the trunk posture alternation compared with athletic bag

Less suppressed μ→eγ and τ→μγ loop amplitudes and extra dimension theories

AbstractWhen μeγ (or τμγ) loop involves a vector boson, the amplitude is suppressed by more than two powers of heavy particle masses. However we show that the scalar boson loop diagrams are much less damped. Particularly, the loop amplitude in which the intermediate fermion and scalar boson have comparable masses is as large as possible, as allowed by the decoupling theorem. Such a situation is realized in the “universal extra dimension theory”, and can yield a large enough rate for μeγ to be detectable in current experiments. Our investigation involves precise calculation of the scalar boson loop's dependence on the masses of the intermediate states

CHANGES OF GAIT PATTERN ON SLIPPERY WALKING SURFACES IN SIMULATED CONSTRUCTION WORKSITE ENVIRONMENTS

This study aimed to investigate the gait pattern when walking on potential slippery surfaces. Twelve male subjects performed level walking at their natural cadence and without slips under sixteen simulated construction site walkway conditions with different floorings, contaminants and footwear. Gait pattern parameters were collected by video cameras and were analyzed by motion analysis system (APAS). Dynamic coefficients of friction (DCOF) of the walkway conditions were determined in a mechanical slip resistant test. Signifkant correlations were found with the DCOF for stance, swing and stride time. Significant increase in stance time, swing time and stride time, decrease in stride length and heel velocity at contact, and slower mean propagation speed were found when slippery potential increased. Further study is suggested to provide a more comprehensive explanation of human adaptation to slippery walking surface which helps proposing occupational safety in worksit

KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A TELEVISED EVERSION ANKLE SPRAIN

The purpose of this study was to perform a kinematic analysis of a non-contact eversion ankle sprain case study that occurred in the National Football League (NFL). Model-based image-matching analysis was performed to quantify ankle joint kinematics for the eversion sprain. Foot orientations are reported relative to the shank segment. At foot-ground contact, the ankle joint was dorsiflexed, externally rotated but neutral in the frontal plane. Peak eversion (50°) occurred 0.2 seconds later, with a maximum velocity of 426°/s, while peak dorsiflexion (64°) occurred with a greater maximum velocity (573°/s). Rotation in the transverse plane remained constant through ground contact. For this case, the combination of dorsiflexion at foot-ground contact and rapid eversion is associated with a non-contact eversion sprain

BIOMECHANICS ANALYSIS OF ANKLE SUPINATION SPRAIN INJURY

One male athlete accidentally sprained his ankle with a supination mechanism while performing a series of cutting motion trials in a laboratory. The injury was immediately diagnosed as a grade one mild anterior talofibular ligamentous sprain, and was simultaneously recorded by three calibrated cameras and a pressure insole system at 100 Hz. For the injury trial, results showed that the foot and ankle was more internally rotated and greatly inverted at foot strike, followed by a fast plantarflexion and shift of center of pressure to forefoot. The rearfoot was lifted and swung to the lateral aspect, thus increasing the moment arm and the ankle joint torque. The ankle joint finally reached an orientation of 66 degrees dorsiflexion, 48 degrees internal rotation and 103 degrees inversion

A PILOT STUDY ON COMPARISON OF CUSHIONING ABILITY OF CLOTH SPORT SHOE WITH OTHER ATHLETIC FOOTWEAR

Previous studies assessed the cushioning ability of different athletic footwear including running shoes and court shoes. In recent years, concern about the protective function of cloth sport shoe, a kind of low-price and popular athletic footwear in the youth generation for sport activities, has become popular in Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China. However, the cushioning ability of cloth sport shoe was still left uninvestigated. The purpose of this study was to give a preliminary assessment on the cushioning performance of cloth sport shoe compared with other types of sport shoes

THE EFFECT OF TAI CHI TRAINING ON ANKLE PROPRIOCEPTION IN PARTICIPANTS WITH CHRONIC ANKLE INSTABILITY

Objective: To determine the effect of Tai Chi training on ankle proprioception in participants with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Method: Forty participants with CAI were randomly divided into a Tai Chi group and a control group, with 20 participants in each group. The Tai Chi group underwent 24-styled simplified Tai Chi rehabilitation training 3 times a week for 8 weeks, while the Control group did not undergo any rehabilitation training. The angular displacement of ankle proprioception (kinesthesia) was collected from both groups before and after rehabilitation training for data analysis. Result: After 8 weeks of training, participants in the Tai Chi group showed significant improvement in ankle proprioception (

LANDING WITH A SUPINATED ANKLE JOINT COULD INCITE AN INVERSION SPRAIN INJURY

Ankle sprain injury mechanism has been recently analysed quantitatively. This study further investigated if a supinated ankle joint at landing is an aetiology of the injury. One inversion ankle sprain case from a previous study was selected, and the video sequences of two similar play movements performed by the same athlete without injury were collected and analysed by a model-based image-matching motion analysis method. The ankle joint orientations at the moment of landing in these three cases were compared. Results showed that the ankle joint was in a supination orientation with a combined 14 degrees inversion and 16 degrees plantarflexion at landing, while it was neutral in the inversion/eversion plane and dorsiflexed to 10-21 degrees in the non-injury cases. The supination ankle joint at landing was suggested to be the inciting event of the injury

Heavy particle electroweak loop effects in extra-dimensional models with bulk neutrinos

One way to detect the presence of new particles in theories beyond the standard model is through their contribution to electroweak loop effects. We comment on the importance of a consistent inclusion of their mixing angles to ensure that the physical requirement of heavy particle decoupling is fulfilled. We illustrate our points by a detailed discussion of the lepton flavor changing effect mu-e-gamma, investigated recently by Kitano, in the Randall-Sundrum model. Our remarks are equally applicable to models with large compactified dimensions where bulk neutrinos are introduced to account for the observed neutrino oscillations.Comment: 13 pages; new citations added in Ref [3] and [11