66 research outputs found
Maison CBET - A comprehensive full scale test bench for comfort and energy analysis of buildings
An innovative test bench has been developed in the framework of the Project CBET - Cross Border Energy Trainings, funded by the Interreg ALCOTRA 2014-2020 Program of the European Union and aimed to increase the educational, training and professional skills on energy efficiency, renewable energy sources and green buildings in the cross-border area between Italy and France. The test bench, called Maison CBET, consists of a transportable standard container modified in a heated, ventilated and air-conditioned habitable office. The opaque and glazed components of the thermal envelope can be easily modified from uninsulated to well insulated, with a wide range of options, as well as shielded against solar radiation. A complete HVAC system is also installed. This is based on electric devices that can be switched on selectively and are powered by separate power lines, continuously monitored by a real time data acquisition system. Weather data and internal comfort parameters are contemporarily monitored. This paper presents a prototype of the test bench that is currently under construction and will be installed in the campus of the Lycée Léonard de Vinci at Antibes, France
1474 et 1484 : deux procès criminels dans le Maine. In: Les justices de village. Administration et justice locales de la fin du Moyen Âge à la Révolution
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ScenaLand: a simple methodology for developing land use and management scenarios
Scenarios serve science by testing the sensitivity of a system and/or society to adapt to the
future. In this study, we present a new land use scenario methodology called ScenaLand.
This methodology aims to develop plausible and contrasting land use and management
(LUM) scenarios, useful to explore how LUM (e.g. soil and water conservation techniques)
may afect ecosystem services under global change in a wide range of environments. ScenaLand is a method for constructing narrative and spatially explicit land use scenarios that
are useful for end-users and impact modellers. This method is innovative because it merges
literature and expert knowledge, and its low data requirement makes it easy to be implemented in the context of inter-site comparison, including global change projections. ScenaLand was developed and tested on six diferent Mediterranean agroecological and socioeconomic contexts during the MASCC research project (Mediterranean agricultural soil
conservation under global change). The method frst highlights the socioeconomic trends
of each study site including emerging trends such as new government laws, LUM techniques through a qualitative survey addressed to local experts. Then, the method includes
a ranking of driving factors, a matrix about land use evolution, and soil and water conservation techniques. ScenaLand also includes a framework to develop narratives along with
two priority axes (contextualized to environmental protection vs. land productivity in this
study). In the context of this research project, four contrasting scenarios are proposed: S1
(business-as-usual), S2 (market-oriented), S3 (environmental protection), and S4 (sustainable). Land use maps are then built with the creation of LUM allocation rules based on
agroecological zoning. ScenaLand resulted in a robust and easy method to apply with the
creation of 24 contrasted scenarios. These scenarios come not only with narratives but also
with spatially explicit maps that are potentially used by impact modellers and other endusers. The last part of our study discusses the way the method can be implemented including a comparison between sites and the possibilities to implement ScenaLand in other
contexts.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Ectopic callose deposition into woody biomass modulates the nano-architecture of macrofibrils
Plant biomass plays an increasingly important role in the circular bioeconomy, replacing non-renewable fossil resources. Genetic engineering of this lignocellulosic biomass could benefit biorefinery transformation chains by lowering economic and technological barriers to industrial processing. However, previous efforts have mostly targeted the major constituents of woody biomass: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Here we report the engineering of wood structure through the introduction of callose, a polysaccharide novel to most secondary cell walls. Our multiscale analysis of genetically engineered poplar trees shows that callose deposition modulates cell wall porosity, water and lignin contents and increases the lignin–cellulose distance, ultimately resulting in substantially decreased biomass recalcitrance. We provide a model of the wood cell wall nano-architecture engineered to accommodate the hydrated callose inclusions. Ectopic polymer introduction into biomass manifests in new physico-chemical properties and offers new avenues when considering lignocellulose engineering
Influence de l’hydromorphie sur la variabilité des stocks de carbone à l’échelle de versants dans une hêtraie (forêt de Fougères — Ouest de la France)
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