468 research outputs found
Closure to âTime Development of Scour around a Cylinder in Simulated Tidal Currentsâ
A Discussion Closure to âTime Development of Scour around a Cylinder in Simulated Tidal Currents
Quantifying the effects of learning styles on attention
Monitoring and managing attention in the classroom is nowadays an
important aspect where the level of learnerâs attention affects learning
results. When students are using devices connected to the Internet in learning
activities in which they send and received notifications, beeps, and vibrations
and blinking messages, the ability to focus becomes increasingly important.
This is true in many different domains, from the classroom to the workplace.
This paper deals with the issue of attention monitoring, with the aim of
providing a non-intrusive, reliable and easy tool that can be used freely in
schools or organizations, without changing or interfering with the established
working routines. Specifically, we look at desk students in learning activities, in
which the student spends long time interacting with the computer.This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-
FEDER-007043 and FCT â Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia within the Project
Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Natural coagulants - a sustainable approach
Natural coagulants - a sustainable approac
Filtration with a natural coagulant
Filtration with a natural coagulan
The impact of junior doctorsâ worktime arrangements on their fatigue and well-being
Objective Many doctors report working excessively demanding schedules that comply with the European Working Time Directive (EWTD). We compared groups of junior doctors working on different schedules in order to identify which features of schedule design most negatively affected their fatigue and well-being in recent weeks.Methods Completed by 336 doctors, the questionnaires focused on the respondents\u27 personal circumstances, work situation, work schedules, sleep, and perceptions of fatigue, work-life balance and psychological strain. Results Working 7 consecutive nights was associated with greater accumulated fatigue and greater work life interference, compared with working just 3 or 4 nights. Having only I rest day after working nights was associated with increased fatigue. Working a weekend on-call between 2 consecutive working weeks was associated with increased work-life interference. Working frequent on-calls (either on weekends or during the week) was associated with increased work-life interference and psychological strain. Inter-shift intervals o
A Constrained Coding Approach to Error-Free Half-Duplex Relay Networks
We show that the broadcast capacity of an infinite-depth tree-structured
network of error-free half-duplex-constrained relays can be achieved using
constrained coding at the source and symbol forwarding at the relays.Comment: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 201
Implementing a 48 h EWTD-compliant rota for junior doctors in the UK does not compromise patientsâ safety : assessor-blind pilot comparison
Background: There are currently no field data about the effect of implementing European Working Time Directive (EWTD)-compliant rotas in a medical setting. Surveys of doctorsâ subjective opinions on shift work have not provided reliable objective data with which to evaluate its efficacy.
Aim: We therefore studied the effects on patient's safety and doctorsâ work-sleep patterns of implementing an EWTD-compliant 48 h work week in a single-blind intervention study carried out over a 12-week period at the University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust. We hypothesized that medical error rates would be reduced following the new rota.
Methods: Nineteen junior doctors, nine studied while working an intervention schedule of <48 h per week and 10 studied while working traditional weeks of <56 h scheduled hours in medical wards. Work hours and sleep duration were recorded daily. Rate of medical errors (per 1000 patient-days), identified using an established active surveillance methodology, were compared for the Intervention and Traditional wards. Two senior physicians blinded to rota independently rated all suspected errors.
Results: Average scheduled work hours were significantly lower on the intervention schedule [43.2 (SD 7.7) (range 26.0â60.0) vs. 52.4 (11.2) (30.0â77.0) h/week; P < 0.001], and there was a non-significant trend for increased total sleep time per day [7.26 (0.36) vs. 6.75 (0.40) h; P = 0.095]. During a total of 4782 patient-days involving 481 admissions, 32.7% fewer total medical errors occurred during the intervention than during the traditional rota (27.6 vs. 41.0 per 1000 patient-days, P = 0.006), including 82.6% fewer intercepted potential adverse events (1.2 vs. 6.9 per 1000 patient-days, P = 0.002) and 31.4% fewer non-intercepted potential adverse events (16.6 vs. 24.2 per 1000 patient-days, P = 0.067). Doctors reported worse educational opportunities on the intervention rota.
Conclusions: Whilst concerns remain regarding reduced educational opportunities, our study supports the hypothesis that a 48 h work week coupled with targeted efforts to improve sleep hygiene improves patient safety
Suicide & Supervision: Issues for Probation Practice
Suicides by offenders in the community have been relatively under-researched in comparison with prison suicides. This study examined in-depth the events and experiences of 28 service users under probation supervision, based on continuous records from the start of their sentence to their death by suicide. The study presents
novel findings through mapping suicidal behaviour on to the probation supervision process, and demonstrates the complex pathways leading to suicide in this population.Key issues identified include missed appointments, the impact of legal proceedings,changes in supervision, and the importance of recording risk
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