Implicit artificial syntax processing: Genes, preference, and bounded recursion

The first objective of this study was to compare the brain network engaged by preference classification and the standard grammaticality classification after implicit artificial syntax acquisition by re-analyzing previously reported event-related fMRI data. The results show that preference and grammaticality classification engage virtually identical brain networks, including Broca’s region, consistent with previous behavioral findings. Moreover, the results showed that the effects related to artificial syntax in Broca’s region were essentially the same when masked with variability related to natural syntax processing in the same participants. The second objective was to explore CNTNAP2-related effects in implicit artificial syntax learning by analyzing behavioral and event-related fMRI data from a subsample. The CNTNAP2 gene has been linked to specific language impairment and is controlled by the FOXP2 transcription factor. CNTNAP2 is expressed in language related brain networks in the developing human brain and the FOXP2–CNTNAP2 pathway provides a mechanistic link between clinically distinct syndromes involving disrupted language. Finally, we discuss the implication of taking natural language to be a neurobiological system in terms of bounded recursion and suggest that the left inferior frontal region is a generic on-line sequence processor that unifies information from various sources in an incremental and recursive manner

Implicit sequence learning is preserved in dyslexic children

This study investigates the implicit sequence learning abilities of dyslexic children using an artificial grammar learning task with an extended exposure period. Twenty children with developmental dyslexia participated in the study and were matched with two control groups-one matched for age and other for reading skills. During 3 days, all participants performed an acquisition task, where they were exposed to colored geometrical forms sequences with an underlying grammatical structure. On the last day, after the acquisition task, participants were tested in a grammaticality classification task. Implicit sequence learning was present in dyslexic children, as well as in both control groups, and no differences between groups were observed. These results suggest that implicit learning deficits per se cannot explain the characteristic reading difficulties of the dyslexics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Implicit artificial syntax processing: genes, preference, and bounded recursion

Contains fulltext : 115496.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Materi pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Lembaga Penyelenggara Homeschooling (Studi Kasus di lembaga penyelenggara Homschooling Kak Seto) Tahun Ajaran 2021-2022: Pembelajaran PAI di Homeschooling Kak Seto

Academic learning patterns, the deprivation of children's creativity, inappropriate curriculum, and  uninnovative learning methods are some of the issues that plague formal schools. Due to the numerous issues that arise in formal schools, most parents send their children to non-formal educational institutions.This paper talk about implementation of Islamic education at the Kak Seto's homeschool at Surakarta Solo and the motivations of the family for completing education there.The descriptive approach is used in this qualitative study.The specialist obtained the subject's perceptions during interviews conducted without the creator present, as well as documentation information from organizations, as sources for the research data.The first step in data analysis is data collection, which is followed by data presentation for drawing conclusions.According to the findings of this study, educational institutions for homeschoolers implement PAI learning materials in two sessions.Both classroom instruction and practice outside will be part of this session.Each students have a variety of past issues that force them to make significant learning adjustments.finally, the content of the PAI material is divided into various classes. the Parents choose this homeschooling for their children's education for a variety reasons, including bullying, broken homes, the work of parents who move frequently, and children with special needs.Pendidikan anak  merupakan  hal yang sangat penting, terutama  pendidikan  Agama Islam  pada anak. Pendidikan anak bermula sejak dia lahir, orang tua lah yang menjadi guru pertama baginya, dan orang tua yang menentukan pendidikan untuk anaknya. Banyak permasalahan yang terjadi di sekolah-sekolah formal yaitu pola pembelajaran bersifat akademis, adanya kasus bullying, kasus pelecehan seksual, pemasungan kreativitas anak, kemudian kurikulum yang kurang tepat, dan penerapan metode pembelajaran yang kurang inovasi dari tahun ke tahun. Dengan permasalahan yang ada tersebut banyak orang tua yang memasukkan anaknya ke sekolah nonformal dikarenakan banyaknya permasalahan yang ada di sekolah formal. Tulisan ini mengungkap tentang pelaksanaan pembelajaran Agama Islam di lembaga penyelenggara homeschooling Kak Seto Surakarta Solo, juga Untuk mengetahui motivasi keluarga penyelenggara Homeschooling dalam melaksanakan pendidikan di lembaga Homeschooling. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Wawancara, Dokumentasi dan observasi tanpa kehadiran peneliti. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Mengumpulkan data, Memaparkan data, dan Menarik Kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan pembelajaran materi pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) pada lembaga penyelenggara Homeschooling tahun ajaran 2021-2022 terbagi menjadi dua sesi yaitu pengajaran di kelas dan praktek baik di kelas maupun di luar kelas. Pembelajaran materi PAI terbagi menjadi banyak kelas di karenakan para peserta didik di homeschooling kak seto solo memiliki latar belakang permasalahan yang berbeda-beda sehingga membutuhkan banyak penyesuaian kembali dalam proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Motivasi orang tua penyelenggara homeschooling dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di lembaga penyelenggara Homeschooling Kak Seto Surakarta adalah bullying , brokenhome, pekerjaan orang tua yang berpindah-pindah dan Anak berkebutuhan khusus

CNTNAP2 and language processing in healthy individuals as measured with ERPs

Contains fulltext : 102326.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)The genetic FOXP2-CNTNAP2 pathway has been shown to be involved in the language capacity. We investigated whether a common variant of CNTNAP2 (rs7794745) is relevant for syntactic and semantic processing in the general population by using a visual sentence processing paradigm while recording ERPs in 49 healthy adults. While both AA homozygotes and T-carriers showed a standard N400 effect to semantic anomalies, the response to subject-verb agreement violations differed across genotype groups. T-carriers displayed an anterior negativity preceding the P600 effect, whereas for the AA group only a P600 effect was observed. These results provide another piece of evidence that the neuronal architecture of the human faculty of language is shaped differently by effects that are genetically determined.8 p