Adapting to Climate Change: The urgency and some challenges to begin

Our response to the challenge of climate change will shape our future in many different and crucial ways. Adaptation is about realizing the impacts of climate change and acting in such a way to limit negative impacts and embrace positive outcomes in order to reduce our vulnerability from the effects of climate change

Initial impact of Brexit on Ireland-UK trade flows

This paper examines the early months of post-Brexit trade flows in goods between Ireland and the United Kingdom. Controlling for product-level time effects across all global trade partners, we isolate the contribution of Brexit to trade in the first eight months of 2021 from other potential common drivers of trade flows including the COVID-19 pandemic. The estimated direct impact of Brexit is highly asymmetric, reducing imports from the UK to Ireland substantially but without any statistically significant impact on exports. This is likely due to the gradual implementation of customs procedures by the UK, with a range of checks to be introduced in 2022. We decompose the Irish-UK trade flows into trade with Northern Ireland separately from Great Britain. This shows that all of the decline in trade is driven by Great Britain with the majority of the reduction attributable to Brexit. In contrast, trade between Ireland and Northern Ireland trade has increased considerably

Early reactions of EU-UK trade flows to Brexit

This paper examines the early months of trade in goods between the United Kingdom and European Union in the aftermath of Brexit. Controlling for product-time and partner country effects across all European bilateral trade flows, we isolate the contribution of Brexit on trade in the first half of 2021 from other potential common drivers of trade flows including the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show sharp declines in trade from the UK to the EU, the majority of which can be attributed to a Brexit impact. We also document considerable variation across member states and sectors. The effect of Brexit is highly asymmetric, however, with reduction in trade from the EU to the UK approximately half the size of the fall from the UK to EU. This is likely explained by the more gradual implementation of customs checks by the UK. Reductions in trade are identified from the date of the referendum and no evidence of stockpiling in the months prior to Brexit is found on either side

An empirical framework : financial globalization and threshold effects

Treball fi de màster de: Master's Degree in Economics and FinanceDirectors: Manuel García-Santana ; Isaac BaleyIs financial globalization beneficial to economies at all levels of development? Or are there certain “threshold” levels of financial, institutional and economic development a country must first attain in order to realize the growth benefits of globalization? Kose, Prasad and Taylor (2009) develop a unified empirical framework to answer this question. The debate on the literature is ongoing. Yet few studies have explored these questions in a post-crisis context. In this paper, we replicate and extend their work, paying close attention to the period 2005-2014. Our analysis yields three key results. First, the financial depth threshold above which countries can benefit from financial globalization increases from 66% to 81% when we consider the extended period. Second, the proportion of countries with depth levels above this threshold declines over time. Finally, the coefficients are smaller in absolute value over the period 1975-2014. Taken together, these results imply a breakdown in the relationship between financial depth, openness and growth since the Great Recession. Financial deepening on its own can no longer ensure positive growth effects of financial integration.¿Es la globalización financiera beneficiosa para economías en todos los niveles de desarrollo? ¿O acaso existen ciertos umbrales mínimos de desarrollo financiero, institucional y económico que un país debe alcanzar para poder disfrutar de los efectos positivos de la globalización en el crecimiento? Kose, Prasad and Taylor (2009) desarrollan un marco empírico unificado para responder a estas preguntas. En este proyecto replicamos y extendemos su análisis, prestando particular atención al periodo 2005-2014. Nuestro trabajo resulta en tres conclusiones importantes. Primero, el umbral de profundización financiera a partir del cual los países pueden beneficiarse de la globalización financiera aumentó de un 66% a un 81% al considerar el periodo prolongado. Segundo, la proporción de países con niveles de profundización por encima del umbral ha disminuido con el tiempo. Finalmente, los coeficientes son menores en términos absolutos cuando se considera el periodo 1975-2014. En conjunto, estos resultados implican una ruptura en la relación entre profundización financiera, apertura y crecimiento desde la Gran Recesión. Una mayor profundización financiera, por si sola, ya no puede garantizar un mayor crecimiento como consecuencia de la integración financiera

Soil carbon sequestration by agriculture: Policy options

Net soil carbon sequestration on agricultural lands could offset 4% of annual global human-induced GHG emissions over the rest of the century and make an important contribution to meeting the targets of the Paris Agreement. To harness this potential of the agricultural sector to positively contribute to the sustainability agenda, a package of policies is needed to enhance global soil carbon stocks. Such a package would include regulations to prevent the loss of soil carbon, knowledge transfer policies to promote “win-win” solutions, and additional incentives delivered via market-based policies. The latter will need to be supported by innovative contracting solutions to address concerns about the non-permanence of carbon stocks and to reduce transaction costs

Adapting to Climate Change: The urgency and some challenges to begin

Our response to the challenge of climate change will shape our future in many different and crucial ways. Adaptation is about realizing the impacts of climate change and acting in such a way to limit negative impacts and embrace positive outcomes in order to reduce our vulnerability from the effects of climate change

iTV in Industry 5: Are Smartphone TV Apps Easier to Use than Remote Controls to Control TV?

This paper addresses the question: are smartphone TV apps as easy to use as remote controls for controlling TV. Although smartphone apps make it easier to navigate lists of items, such as TV shows, access to other often-used functions may be less efficient because assess requires extra navigation. Also, additional steps required to access the TV app on the smartphone may offset any inherent advantage to using it. Smartphone app designs could reduce or eliminate this extra navigation and make smartphone TV apps more efficient and thus preferred over remote controls