2,625 research outputs found
Improvement of oral reports through the students' use of audio-visual aids
Author misnumbered thesis. Please note that there are TWO page 108s, but the continuity is the same. Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit
Inkjet printing of oral dosage forms to solubilize BCS Class II drugs
Oral drug delivery remains the preferred method of administration but BCS Class II drugs are not ideally suited to this due to their inherent poor solubility. Although a number of methods to increase solubility already exist, there is a need for less damaging methods of production which are more flexible to the needs of the patient. The innovative formulation method of inkjet printing has been suggested for this purpose as it has the capacity to produce highly precise dosing in a continuous manner. The Optomec Aerosol Jet 200 Printer utilised in the current study has never been used in pharmaceutical research before and it is highly interesting as it functions in a manner akin to a miniaturised spray dryer. Due to the low dose content of a single layer, formulations can be easily tailored to the patient’s individual requirements by changing the size and speed of deposition, utilising different nozzle sizes and layering to increase the overall dose. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and powder x-ray diffraction suggest that printing the drug alone results in a crystalline product. However, in the presence of a polymer it seems to form a less crystalline product suggesting the polymer is promoting solid dispersion formation in a similar manner to a spray dryer. Completely amorphous formulations are achieved on application of a premixed "ink" with a polymer content of 75% or more, allowing up to 25% drug loading. Drug release increases 10-fold on printing relative to a comparable powder blend and thus inkjet printing can be considered to be a viable method of improving the overall performance of the drug. The next steps will be to utilize this established methodology to produce innovative controlled release on a small scale
Inkjet printing oral dosage forms
The current study aims to establish an innovative method of effectively solubilising Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II drugs using inkjet printing. Dosage forms have been produced using an Optomec AJ200 3D Inkjet printer. Printing with an appropriate polymer seems to result in an amorphous product, which will hopefully have a greater overall solubility
Vehicle/engine integration
VEHICLE/ENGINE Integration Issues are explored for orbit transfer vehicles (OTV's). The impact of space basing and aeroassist on VEHICLE/ENGINE integration is discussed. The AOTV structure and thermal protection subsystem weights were scaled as the vehicle length and surface was changed. It is concluded that for increased allowable payload lengths in a ground-based system, lower length-to-diameter (L/D) is as important as higher mixture ration (MR) in the range of mid L/D ATOV's. Scenario validity, geometry constraints, throttle levels, reliability, and servicing are discussed in the context of engine design and engine/vehicle integration
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Short-Term Insulin Requirements Following Gastric Bypass Surgery in Severely Obese Women with Type 1 Diabetes
Background: In severely obese type 2 diabetes patients, gastric bypass surgery (GB) reduces body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and allows reduced doses of insulin and other medications. Data regarding the effects of GB on severely obese patients with type 1 diabetes are limited. Methods: Severely obese women with type 1 diabetes (n = 9) were studied immediately before and after GB (7.7 ± 5.8 weeks, mean ± SD). Results: On average, GB reduced mean BMI by 11 % and mean HbA1c by 0.9 % (from 8.0 to 7.1 %), with a parallel 38 % decrease in basal insulin requirements (expressed per kilogram of body weight). Conclusion: GB rapidly decreased BMI, HbA1c, and insulin requirements in severely obese women with type 1 diabetes. However, physiologic insulin replacement remains necessary in patients with type 1 diabetes
Growth and Development of F-1 (Brahman x Hereford) Heifers Under Various Short-Term Grazing Pressures
Last updated: 6/1/200
Gene network reconstruction from microarray data
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Often, software available for biological pathways reconstruction rely on literature search to find links between genes. The aim of this study is to reconstruct gene networks from microarray data, using Graphical Gaussian models.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The <it>GeneNet </it>R package was applied to the Eadgene chicken infection data set. No significant edges were found for the list of differentially expressed genes between conditions MM8 and MA8. On the other hand, a large number of significant edges were found among 85 differentially expressed genes between conditions MM8 and MM24.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Many edges were inferred from the microarray data. Most of them could, however, not be validated using other pathway reconstruction software. This was partly due to the fact that a quite large proportion of the differentially expressed genes were not annotated. Further biological validation is therefore needed for these networks, using for example in vitro invalidation of genes.</p
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