The Indonesian Second Person Terms of Address Used by Undergraduate Students of Petra Christian University in Social Network Sites and Face-To-Face Interaction Towards Their Intimate and Distant Friends

The study deals with Indonesian second person terms of address used in social network sites and face-to-face interaction. The purpose of the study was to observe the use of Indonesian second person terms of address used by the respondents to address their intimate and distant friends when they communicated in social network sites and face-to-face interaction. The findings showed that there were 7 of 10 categories of Indonesian second person terms of address used by the respondents towards their intimate and distant friends in social network sites and face-to-face interaction. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in the use of the Indonesian second person terms of address used by the respondents in social network sites and face-to-face interaction toward their intimate and distant friend

Parasitoid Pengorok Daun Liriomyza SP. (Diptera:agromyzidae) pada Beberapa Jenis Tanaman Sayuran di Desa Sidera Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru Kabupaten Sigi

Lalat pengorok daun (Liriomyza sp.) merupakan hama utama pada pertanaman sayuran. Kerusakan yang ditimbulkannya mencapai 60% sampai 100%. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis parasitoid pada beberapa jenis tanaman sayuran. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2013 di Desa Sidera, dengan ketinggian tempat 176 meter dari permukaan laut dengan titik koordinat 10.00'21” LS dan 1190.56'.49” LU dan di Laboratorium Hama dan Penyakit, Fakultas Pertanian. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode penanaman pada tanaman sayuran (kacang panjang, sawi, dan tomat) dan survei pada pertanaman ketimun milik petani yang berada disekitar lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, ada empat spesies parasitoid yang berasosiasi dengan Liriomyza sp. yang terdiri dari tiga famili yaitu Hemiptarsenus varicornis dan Chrysocharis pentheus (Eulopidae), Gronotoma micromorpha (Figitidae), dan Opius sp. (Braconidae). Tingkat parasitisasi parasitoid Liriomyza sp. berbeda-beda menurut jenis tanaman inang, yang terletak pada kisaran 12% sampai 38,4%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Stunting among Public Primary School Pupils in Kasulu District, Western Tanzania

Background: Underfeeding of a child in the first 2 years of life results in irreversible growth damage. Globally, stunting has declined from 39.7% in 1990 to 26.7% in 2010 while in Africa has remained at 40% since 1990. However, stunting is little known in primary pupils.This study estimated the prevalence of stunting and contributing factors among public primary school pupils in Kasulu District.Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted among public primary pupils. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants and then stratified to 5-7 and 8-12 years. Socio-economic factors, dietary practices, water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviours; school performance/attendance data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Measurements were standardised to the World Health Organization HAZ-Scores for both girls and boys. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression were used to generate results.Results: A total of 400 pupils (100%RR) were recruited into the study, mean age of 7.51 (STD= 1.54) years and a half (50.3%) were boys. The prevalence of stunting was 127 (31.8%) (95% CI: 27.2%–36.6%), with no sex difference (63 (31.7%) – girls vs. 64 (31.8%) – boys; p = 0.969). Household wealth influenced stunting; lowest quintile (AOR= 28; 95% CI: 3.64 – 214.6; p<0.001) 2nd quintile (AOR = 17; 95%CI: 2.20 – 138.5; p<0.01), the 3rd quintile (AOR = 8.0; 95%CI: 0.99 – 64.67; p = 0.051) and 4th quintile (AOR = 4.2; 95%CI: 0.49 – 36.75; p = 0.191) when compared to 5th (highest) wealthquintile. Food insecurity (AOR = 10.6; 95%CI: 4.60 – 24.60; p< 0.001), less protein in meal were the risk for stunting (AOR = 14.6; 95%CI: 4.07 – 52.42; p<0.001).Inappropriate hand wash after toilets both at school, (AOR=3.5; 95%CI:1.62–7.58; p=0.001), and home (AOR = 13.0; 95%CI: 2.73 – 61.76; p = 0.001) were the risk for stunting. Stunted pupils had irregular school attendance (AOR = 9.4;95%CI: 4.42 – 19.93; p<0.001) and poor performance (AOR = 23.6; 95%CI: 10.24 –54.19; p<0.001). Food insecurity influenced poor performance (AOR = 3.9; 95%CI:1.67–8.92; p<0.01) and irregular school attendance (AOR=5.4, p=0.000).Conclusion: Stunting among public primary school pupils is very high despite the prevention effort. Low wealth, food insecurity, poor hand hygiene, and lack of protein in a meal significantly influence stunting. Also, it affects the pupils’ academic performance and attendance, availability of food in both quantity and quality, community nutritio

Gender and locality differences in tobacco prevalence among adult Bangladeshis

This paper is freely available online under the BMJ Journals unlocked scheme, se

J. Silvaa , N. Hipolito b,c , P. Machadob , S. Florab , J. Cruza,b, *

Acknowledgements: This work is part of a project funded by FEDER - Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional by COMPETE 2020 Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and national funds by Fundação ao para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), entitled ^ “OnTRACK project - Time to Rethink Activity Knowledge: a personalized mHealth coaching platform to tackle physical inactivity in COPD” (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028446, PTDC/SAU-SER/28446/2017). SF and NH are being financially supported by PhD fellowships DFA/BD/6954/2020 and 2021.05188.BD, respectively, funded by FCT/MCTES, FSE, Por_Centro and UE. PM acknowledges the support provided by the FCT with the PhD fellowship. The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by FCT to their research unit Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (UIDB/05704/2020).Pulmonology is the official journal of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP). The journal publishes 6 issues per year, mainly about respiratory system diseases in adults and clinical research. All articles published open access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read, download, copy and distribute.Introduction: Low physical activity (PA) levels have a negative impact on the health status of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Smartphone applications (apps) focused on PA promotion may mitigate this problem; however, their effectiveness depends on patient adherence, which can be influenced by the technological features of the apps. This systematic review identified the technological features of smartphone apps aiming to promote PA in patients with COPD. Methods: A literature search was performed in the databases ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Papers including the description of a smartphone app for PA promotion in patients with COPD were included. Two researchers independently selected studies and scored the apps features based on a previously developed framework (38 possible features). Results: Twenty-three studies were included and 19 apps identified, with an average of 10 technological features implemented. Eight apps could be connected to wearables to collect data. The categories ‘Measuring and monitoring’ and ‘Support and Feedback’ were present in all apps. Overall, the most implemented features were ‘progress in visual format’ (n=13), ‘advice on PA’ (n=14) and ‘data in visual format’ (n=10). Only three apps included social features, and two included a web-based version of the app. Conclusions: The existing smartphone apps include a relatively small number of features to promote PA, which are mostly related to monitoring and providing feedback. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between the presence/absence of specific features and the impact of interventions on patients’ PA levels.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A meta-analysis of ethnic differences in pathways to care at the first episode of psychosis

Objective: We sought to systematically review the literature on ethnic differences in the likelihood of general practitioner (GP) involvement, police involvement, and involuntary admission on the pathway to care of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Method: We searched electronic databases and conducted forward and backward tracking to identify relevant studies. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) to examine the variation between aggregated ethnic groups in the indicators of the pathway to care. Results: We identified seven studies from Canada and England that looked at ethnic differences in GP involvement (n = 7), police involvement (n = 7), or involuntary admission (n = 5). Aggregated ethnic groups were most often compared. The pooled ORs suggest that Black patients have a decreased likelihood of GP involvement (OR = 0.70, 0.57-0.86) and an increased likelihood of police involvement (OR = 2.11, 1.67-2.66), relative to White patients. The pooled ORs were not statistically significant for patients with Asian backgrounds (GP involvement OR = 1.23, 0.87-1.75; police involvement OR = 0.86, 0.57-1.30). There is also evidence to suggest that there may be ethnic differences in the likelihood of involuntary admission; however, effect modification by several sociodemographic factors precluded a pooling of these data. Conclusion: Ethnic differences in pathways to care are present at the first episode of psychosis

Health-related Quality of Life in Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy: short-term effects, long-term effects and predictors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The impact of Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB, 11-Gauge) upon Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) remains an open field. This study aims to: i) assess short-term (4 days after VABB) responses in terms of HRQoL after VABB, ii) evaluate long-term (18 months after VABB) responses, if any, and iii) examine whether these responses are modified by a variety of possible predictors (anthropometric, sociodemographic, lifestyle habits, breast-related parameters, reproductive history, VABB-related features and complications, seasonality).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This study included 102 eligible patients undergoing VABB and having benign lesions. A variable number of cores (24-96 cores) has been excised. HRQoL was assessed by EQ-5D and SF-36^®questionnaires: i) in the morning of the VABB procedure day (baseline measurement), ii) four days after VABB (early post-biopsy measurement) and iii) 18 months after VABB (late post-biopsy measurement). Statistical analysis comprised two steps: i. evaluation of differences in EQ-5D/SF-36 dimensions and calculated scores (baseline versus early post-biopsy measurement and baseline versus late post-biopsy measurement) and ii. assessment of predictors through multivariate linear, logistic, ordinal logistic regression, as appropriate.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>At baseline patients presented with considerable anxiety (EQ-5D anxiety/depression dimension, EQ-5D TTO/VAS indices, SF-36 Mental Health dimension). At the early post-biopsy measurement women exhibited deterioration in Usual Activities (EQ-5D) and Role Functioning-Physical dimensions. At the late measurement women exhibited pain (EQ-5D pain/discomfort and SF-36 Bodily Pain), deterioration in Physical Functioning (SF-36 PF) and overall SF-36 Physical Component Scale (PCS). Mastalgia, older age and lower income emerged as significant predictors for baseline anxiety, whereas seasonality modified early activities-related responses. Pain seemed idiosyncratic.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The HRQoL profile of patients suggests that VABB exerts effects prior to its performance at a psychological level, immediately after its performance at a functioning-physical level and entails long-term effects associated with pain.</p