Twinning European and South Asian river basins to enhance capacity and implement adaptive integrated water resources management approaches – results from the EC-project BRAHMATWINN

The EC-project BRAHMATWINN was carrying out a harmonised integrated water resources management (IWRM) approach as addressed by the European Water Initiative (EWI) in headwater river systems of alpine mountain massifs of the twinning Upper Danube River Basin (UDRB) and the Upper Brahmaputra River Basins (UBRB) in Europe and Southeast Asia respectively. Social and natural scientists in cooperation with water law experts and local stakeholders produced the project outcomes presented in Chapter 2 till Chapter 10 of this publication. BRAHMATWINN applied a holistic approach towards IWRM comprising climate modelling, socio-economic and governance analysis and concepts together with methods and integrated tools of applied Geoinformatics. A detailed description of the deliverables produced by the BRAHMATWINN project is published on the project homepage <a href="http://www.brahmatwinn.uni-jena.de/" target="_blank">http://www.brahmatwinn.uni-jena.de</a>

Synthetic routes toward MOF nanomorphologies.

As metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are coming of age, their structural diversity, exceptional porosity and inherent functionality need to be transferred into useful applications. Fashioning MOFs into various shapes and at the same time controlling their size constitute an essential step toward MOF-based devices. Moreover, downsizing MOFs to the nanoscale triggers a whole new set of properties distinguishing nanoMOFs from their bulk counterparts. Therefore, dimensionality-controlled miniaturization of MOFs enables the customised use of nanoMOFs for specific applications where suitable size and shape are key prerequisites. In this feature article we survey the burgeoning field of nanoscale MOF synthesis, ranging from classical protocols such as microemulsion synthesis all the way to microfluidic-based techniques and template-directed epitaxial growth schemes. Along these lines, we will fathom the feasibility of rationally designing specific MOF nanomorphologies—zero-, one- and two-dimensional nanostructures—and we will explore more complex “second-generation” nanostructures typically evolving from a high level of interfacial control. As a recurring theme, we will review recent advances made toward the understanding of nucleation and growth processes at the nanoscale, as such insights are expected to further push the borders of nanoMOF science

Development of adaptive IWRM options for climate change mitigation and adaptation

Adaptive Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) options related to the impacts of climate change in the twinning basins of the Upper Danube River Basin (UDRB) and the Upper Brahmaputra River Basin (UBRB) are developed based on the results obtained in the different work packages of the BRAHMATWINN project. They have been described and discussed in Chapter 2 till Chapter 9 and the paper is referring to and is integrating these findings with respect to their application and interpretation for the development of adaptive IWRM options addressing impacts of climate change in river basins. The data and information related to the results discussed in Chapter 2 till 8 have been input to the RBIS as a central component of the IWRMS (Chapter 9). Meanwhile the UDRB has been analysed with respect to IWRM and climate change impacts by various projects, i.e. the GLOWA-Danube BMBF funded project (GLOWA Danube, 2009; Mauser and Ludwig, 2002) the UBRB has not been studied so far in a similar way as it was done in the BRAHMATWINN project. Therefore the IWRM option development is focussing on the UBRB but the methodology presented can be applied for the UDRB and other river basins as well. Data presented and analysed in this chapter have been elaborated by the BRAHMATWINN project partners and are published in the project deliverable reports available from the project homepage http://www.brahmatwinn.uni-jena.de/index.php?id=5311&L=2

Development and application of the modelling system J2000-S for the EU-water framework directive

The scientific sound definition of measures to achieve the goals of the EU water framework directive (WFD) acquires spatially distributed analyses of the water and substance dynamics in meso- to macro-scale catchments. For this purpose, modelling tools or systems are needed which are robust and fast enough to be applied on such scales, but which are also able to simulate the impact of changes on single fields or small areas of a specific land use in the catchment. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; To face these challenges, we combined the fully-distributed hydrological model J2000 with the nitrogen transport routines of the Soil Water Assessment Tool SWAT model, which are normally applied in a semi-distributive approach. With this combination, we could extend the quantitative focus of J2000 with qualitative processes and could overcome the semi-distributed limitation of SWAT. For the implementation and combination of the components, we used the Jena Adaptable Modelling System JAMS (Kralisch and Krause, 2006) which helped tremendously in the relatively rapid and easy development of the new resultant model J2000-S (J2000-Substance). &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; The modelling system was applied in the upper Gera watershed, located in Thuringia, Germany. The catchment has an area of 844 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and includes three of the typical landscape forms of Thuringia. The application showed, that the new modelling system was able to reproduce the daily hydrological as well as the nitrogen dynamics with a sufficient quality. The paper will describe the results of the new model and compare them with the results obtained with the original semi-distributed application of SWAT

Release of prostaglandin D2 by murine mast cells: importance of metabolite formation for antiproliferative activity.

Prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGJ2 and delta12-PGJ2 are antiproliferative eicosanoids. We investigated the production of PGD2 by murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) taking into consideration metabolism of PGD2 to PGD2 and delta12-PGJ2. PG-metabolites were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187 BMMC released eight-fold more PGJ2 and delta12-PGJ2 than PGD2. Conversion of endogenously produced PGD2 to PGJ2 and delta12-PGJ2 proceeded rapidly in contrast to metabolism of exogenously added PGD2. The antiproliferative potency of these prostaglandins is demonstrated in vitro. We conclude that determination of PGD2 production by mast cells must take into consideration rapid conversion to active derivatives, which may play a significant role in growth regulation

Suited for Success? : Suits, Status, and Hybrid Masculinity

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version. The final, definitive version of this paper has been published in Men and Masculinities, March 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X17696193, published by SAGE Publishing, All rights reserved.This article analyzes the sartorial biographies of four Canadian men to explore how the suit is understood and embodied in everyday life. Each of these men varied in their subject positions—body shape, ethnicity, age, and gender identity—which allowed us to look at the influence of men’s intersectional identities on their relationship with their suits. The men in our research all understood the suit according to its most common representation in popular culture: a symbol of hegemonic masculinity. While they wore the suit to embody hegemonic masculine configurations of practice—power, status, and rationality—most of these men were simultaneously marginalized by the gender hierarchy. We explain this disjuncture by using the concept of hybrid masculinity and illustrate that changes in the style of hegemonic masculinity leave its substance intact. Our findings expand thinking about hybrid masculinity by revealing the ways subordinated masculinities appropriate and reinforce hegemonic masculinity.Peer reviewe

Assessment of data uncertainty and plausibility over the Nam Co Region, Tibet

One of the major challenges for water balance studies in the remote and mostly ungauged region of the Tibetan Plateau is the lack of suitable and reliable climate data to drive hydrological models. Ground observations are rare in the high-mountainous region of the Nam Co basin and only global and regional gridded climate products are available as model input data, but these data sets need to be carefully analysed if used as driving force for hydrological modelling. In this study, various global and regional gridded data products for temperature and precipitation were compared to assess spatio-temporal deviations between several data sets. For the comparison absolute and relative differences of annual and seasonal long-term means were calculated. Climatic trends were analysed by using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall trend test. In addition, gridded climate data sets were compared to meteorological observations in order to evaluate their plausibility. The comparative statistical analysis showed significant differences in the magnitude, the seasonality, the spatial pattern and the trend behaviour of the analysed climate variables, in particular for precipitation data. The identified inconsistencies underpin the necessity to quantify the uncertainty of such climate data. Moreover, the presented study highlights the importance of further research efforts to develop regional climate data sets with finer resolutions to reduce the model's uncertainty resulting from climate input data. Such higher resolution is needed for a sufficient representation of regional topographic and orographic effects in order to simulate important hydrological processes in mountainous areas like snow accumulation and melting