834 research outputs found
Twinning European and South Asian river basins to enhance capacity and implement adaptive integrated water resources management approaches â results from the EC-project BRAHMATWINN
The EC-project BRAHMATWINN was carrying out a harmonised integrated water
resources management (IWRM) approach as addressed by the European Water
Initiative (EWI) in headwater river systems of alpine mountain massifs of
the twinning Upper Danube River Basin (UDRB) and the Upper Brahmaputra River
Basins (UBRB) in Europe and Southeast Asia respectively. Social and natural
scientists in cooperation with water law experts and local stakeholders
produced the project outcomes presented in Chapter 2 till Chapter 10 of this
publication. BRAHMATWINN applied a holistic approach towards IWRM comprising
climate modelling, socio-economic and governance analysis and
concepts together with methods and integrated tools of applied Geoinformatics. A detailed
description of the deliverables produced by the BRAHMATWINN project is
published on the project homepage <a href="http://www.brahmatwinn.uni-jena.de/" target="_blank">http://www.brahmatwinn.uni-jena.de</a>
Synthetic routes toward MOF nanomorphologies.
As metalâorganic frameworks (MOFs) are coming of age, their structural diversity, exceptional porosity and inherent functionality need to be transferred into useful applications. Fashioning MOFs into various shapes and at the same time controlling their size constitute an essential step toward MOF-based devices. Moreover, downsizing MOFs to the nanoscale triggers a whole new set of properties distinguishing nanoMOFs from their bulk counterparts. Therefore, dimensionality-controlled miniaturization of MOFs enables the customised use of nanoMOFs for specific applications where suitable size and shape are key prerequisites. In this feature article we survey the burgeoning field of nanoscale MOF synthesis, ranging from classical protocols such as microemulsion synthesis all the way to microfluidic-based techniques and template-directed epitaxial growth schemes. Along these lines, we will fathom the feasibility of rationally designing specific MOF nanomorphologiesâzero-, one- and two-dimensional nanostructuresâand we will explore more complex âsecond-generationâ nanostructures typically evolving from a high level of interfacial control. As a recurring theme, we will review recent advances made toward the understanding of nucleation and growth processes at the nanoscale, as such insights are expected to further push the borders of nanoMOF science
Development of adaptive IWRM options for climate change mitigation and adaptation
Adaptive Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) options related to the impacts of climate change in the
twinning basins of the Upper Danube River Basin (UDRB) and the Upper Brahmaputra River Basin (UBRB) are developed based on the results obtained in the different
work packages of the BRAHMATWINN project. They have been described and
discussed in Chapter 2 till Chapter 9 and the paper is referring to and is
integrating these findings with respect to their application and
interpretation for the development of adaptive IWRM options addressing
impacts of climate change in river basins. The data and information
related to the results discussed in Chapter 2 till 8 have been input to the
RBIS as a central component of the IWRMS (Chapter 9). Meanwhile the UDRB has been analysed with respect to IWRM and climate
change impacts by various projects, i.e. the GLOWA-Danube BMBF funded
project (GLOWA Danube, 2009; Mauser and Ludwig, 2002) the UBRB has not been studied so far in a similar way as it was
done in the BRAHMATWINN project. Therefore the IWRM option development is
focussing on the UBRB but the methodology presented can be applied for the
UDRB and other river basins as well. Data presented and analysed in this chapter have
been elaborated by the BRAHMATWINN project partners and are published in the project
deliverable reports available from the project homepage http://www.brahmatwinn.uni-jena.de/index.php?id=5311&L=2
How can hydrological modeling help to understand process dynamics in sparsely gauged tropical regions - case study Mata Ătlantica, Brazil.
Development and application of the modelling system J2000-S for the EU-water framework directive
The scientific sound definition of measures to achieve the goals of the EU water framework directive (WFD) acquires spatially distributed analyses of the water and substance dynamics in meso- to macro-scale catchments. For this purpose, modelling tools or systems are needed which are robust and fast enough to be applied on such scales, but which are also able to simulate the impact of changes on single fields or small areas of a specific land use in the catchment. <br><br> To face these challenges, we combined the fully-distributed hydrological model J2000 with the nitrogen transport routines of the Soil Water Assessment Tool SWAT model, which are normally applied in a semi-distributive approach. With this combination, we could extend the quantitative focus of J2000 with qualitative processes and could overcome the semi-distributed limitation of SWAT. For the implementation and combination of the components, we used the Jena Adaptable Modelling System JAMS (Kralisch and Krause, 2006) which helped tremendously in the relatively rapid and easy development of the new resultant model J2000-S (J2000-Substance). <br><br> The modelling system was applied in the upper Gera watershed, located in Thuringia, Germany. The catchment has an area of 844 km<sup>2</sup> and includes three of the typical landscape forms of Thuringia. The application showed, that the new modelling system was able to reproduce the daily hydrological as well as the nitrogen dynamics with a sufficient quality. The paper will describe the results of the new model and compare them with the results obtained with the original semi-distributed application of SWAT
Release of prostaglandin D2 by murine mast cells: importance of metabolite formation for antiproliferative activity.
Prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGJ2 and delta12-PGJ2 are antiproliferative eicosanoids. We investigated the production of PGD2 by murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) taking into consideration metabolism of PGD2 to PGD2 and delta12-PGJ2. PG-metabolites were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187 BMMC released eight-fold more PGJ2 and delta12-PGJ2 than PGD2. Conversion of endogenously produced PGD2 to PGJ2 and delta12-PGJ2 proceeded rapidly in contrast to metabolism of exogenously added PGD2. The antiproliferative potency of these prostaglandins is demonstrated in vitro. We conclude that determination of PGD2 production by mast cells must take into consideration rapid conversion to active derivatives, which may play a significant role in growth regulation
Suited for Success? : Suits, Status, and Hybrid Masculinity
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version. The final, definitive version of this paper has been published in Men and Masculinities, March 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X17696193, published by SAGE Publishing, All rights reserved.This article analyzes the sartorial biographies of four Canadian men to explore how the suit is understood and embodied in everyday life. Each of these men varied in their subject positionsâbody shape, ethnicity, age, and gender identityâwhich allowed us to look at the influence of menâs intersectional identities on their relationship with their suits. The men in our research all understood the suit according to its most common representation in popular culture: a symbol of hegemonic masculinity. While they wore the suit to embody hegemonic masculine configurations of practiceâpower, status, and rationalityâmost of these men were simultaneously marginalized by the gender hierarchy. We explain this disjuncture by using the concept of hybrid masculinity and illustrate that changes in the style of hegemonic masculinity leave its substance intact. Our findings expand thinking about hybrid masculinity by revealing the ways subordinated masculinities appropriate and reinforce hegemonic masculinity.Peer reviewe
Assessment of data uncertainty and plausibility over the Nam Co Region, Tibet
One of the major challenges for water balance studies in the remote and
mostly ungauged region of the Tibetan Plateau is the lack of suitable and
reliable climate data to drive hydrological models. Ground observations are
rare in the high-mountainous region of the Nam Co basin and only global and
regional gridded climate products are available as model input data, but
these data sets need to be carefully analysed if used as driving force for
hydrological modelling. In this study, various global and regional gridded
data products for temperature and precipitation were compared to assess
spatio-temporal deviations between several data sets. For the comparison
absolute and relative differences of annual and seasonal long-term means
were calculated. Climatic trends were analysed by using the non-parametric
Mann-Kendall trend test. In addition, gridded climate data sets were
compared to meteorological observations in order to evaluate their
plausibility. The comparative statistical analysis showed significant
differences in the magnitude, the seasonality, the spatial pattern and the
trend behaviour of the analysed climate variables, in particular for
precipitation data. The identified inconsistencies underpin the necessity to
quantify the uncertainty of such climate data. Moreover, the presented study
highlights the importance of further research efforts to develop regional
climate data sets with finer resolutions to reduce the model's uncertainty
resulting from climate input data. Such higher resolution is needed for a
sufficient representation of regional topographic and orographic effects in
order to simulate important hydrological processes in mountainous areas like
snow accumulation and melting
High-resolution climate information for the Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin (1961-2050) for climate impact modelers
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