Online privacy: towards informational self-determination on the internet : report from Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 11061

The Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop "Online Privacy: Towards Informational Self-Determination on the Internet" (11061) has been held in February 6-11, 2011 at Schloss Dagstuhl. 30 participants from academia, public sector, and industry have identified the current status-of-the-art of and challenges for online privacy as well as derived recommendations for improving online privacy. Whereas the Dagstuhl Manifesto of this workshop concludes the results of the working groups and panel discussions, this article presents the talks of this workshop by their abstracts

In-vivo Measurement of Wrist Movements During the Dart-Throwing Motion Using Inertial Measurement Units

Background: This study investigates the dart-throwing motion (DTM) by comparing an inertial measurement unit-based system previously validated for basic motion tasks with an optoelectronic motion capture system. The DTM is interesting as wrist movement during many activities of daily living occur in this movement plane, but the complex movement is difficult to assess clinically. Methods: Ten healthy subjects were recorded while performing the DTM with their right wrist using inertial sensors and skin markers. Maximum range of motion obtained by the different systems and the mean absolute difference were calculated. Results: In the flexion-extension plane, both systems calculated a range of motion of 100◦ with mean absolute differences of 8◦ , while in the radial-ulnar deviation plane, a mean absolute difference of 17◦ and range of motion values of 48◦ for the optoelectronic system and 59◦ for the inertial measurement units were found. Conclusions: This study shows the challenge of comparing results of different kinematic motion capture systems for complex movements while also highlighting inertial measurement units as promising for future clinical application in dynamic and coupled wrist movements. Possible sources of error and solutions are discusse

Helping John to Make Informed Decisions on Using Social Login

Users make two privacy-related decisions when signing up for a new Service Provider (SP): (1) whether to use an existing Single Sign-On (SSO) account of an Identity Provider (IdP), or not, and (2) the information the IdP is allowed to share with the SP under specific conditions. From a privacy point of view, the use of existing social network-based SSO solutions (i.e. social login) is not recommended. This advice, however, comes at the expense of security, usability, and functionality. Thus, in principle, it should be up to the user to consider all advantages and disadvantages of using SSO and to consent to requested permissions, provided that she is well informed. Another issue is that existing social login sign-up interfaces are often not compliant with legal privacy requirements for informed consent and Privacy by Default. Accordingly, our research focuses on enabling informed decisions and consent in this context. To this end, we identified users’ problems and usability issues from the literature and an expert cognitive walkthrough.We also elicited end user and legal privacy requirements for user interfaces (UIs) providing informed consent. This input as used to develop a tutorial to inform users on the pros and cons of sign-up methods and to design SSO sign-up UIs for privacy. A between-subject laboratory study with 80 participants was used to test both the tutorial and the UIs. We demonstrate an increase in the level to which users are informed when deciding and providing consent in the context of social login

ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO DE EMPRESAS DO SEGMENTO DE CARNES E DERIVADOS LISTADAS NA BM&FBOVESPA

O objetivo do trabalho consiste em analisar o desempenho econômico e financeiro das empresas frigoríficas que negociam ações na BM&FBOVESPA em uma série histórica que compreende um período de 5 anos. A fundamentação teórica resgata aspectos relacionados a internacionalização de empresas e estudos que relacionam internacionalização e desempenho. O trabalho foi desenvolvido por meio da utilização de dados das empresas do segmento de carnes e derivados, isto é, frigoríficos, disponibilizados no economática e que negociam ações na BM&FBOVESPA. No que diz respeito à forma de abordagem do problema, a presente pesquisa trabalha sob o enfoque quantitativo e classifica-se em uma pesquisa de cunho descritivo. Com relação aos procedimentos, classifica-se em uma análise de uma série histórica do desempenho econômico e financeiro das organizações de capital aberto pertencentes ao segmento de frigoríficos, o que permite fazer um diagnóstico dessas empresas. As contribuições desta pesquisa consistem em elucidar que ficou perceptível que as empresas lideres do setor, quais sejam JBS Friboi, BR Foods e Marfrig, em sua maioria ocupam a liderança nos indicadores de desempenho econômico analisados. São empresas que cresceram e se internacionalizaram nos últimos anos, aumentando o patrimônio, a estrutura produtiva e os rendimentos. Possuem maior capacidade de competir, por terem estruturas de escala e unidades industriais distribuídas nos diferentes continentes, o que lhes aufere ganhos em detrimento das empresas de porte menor. Conclui-se que a internacionalização impacta de maneira forte no desempenho das organizações analisadas no presente estud

Quality standards for safe medication in nursing homes: development through a multistep approach including a Delphi consensus study.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to develop quality standards reflecting minimal requirements for safe medication processes in nursing homes. DESIGN In a first step, relevant key topics for safe medication processes were deducted from a systematic search for similar guidelines, prior work and discussions with experts. In a second step, the essential requirements for each key topic were specified and substantiated with a literature-based rationale. Subsequently, the requirements were evaluated with a piloted, two-round Delphi study. SETTING Nursing homes in Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS Interprofessional panel of 25 experts from science and practice. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Each requirement was rated for its relevance for a safer and resident-oriented medication on a 9-point Likert-Scale based on the RAND/UCLA method. The requirements were considered relevant if, in the second round, the median relevance rating was ≥7 and the proportion of ratings ≥7 was ≥80%. RESULTS Five key topics with a total of 87 requirements were elaborated and rated in the Delphi study. After the second round (response rate in both rounds 100%), 85 requirements fulfilled the predefined criteria and were therefore included in the final set of quality standards. The five key topics are: (I) 'The medication is reviewed regularly and in defined situations', (II) 'The medication is reviewed in a structured manner', (III) 'The medication is monitored in a structured manner', (IV) 'All healthcare professionals are committed to an optimal interprofessional collaboration' and (V) 'Residents are actively involved in medication process'. CONCLUSIONS We developed normative quality standards for a safer and resident-oriented medication in Swiss nursing homes. Altogether, 85 requirements define the medication processes and the behaviour of healthcare professionals. A rigorous implementation may support nursing homes in taking a step towards safer and resident-oriented medication

Evidence-based health information about pulmonary embolism: assessing the quality, usability and readability of online and offline patient information

Objective Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. However, public awareness is considerably lower than for myocardial infarction or stroke. Patients suffering from PE complain about the lack of (understandable) information and express high informational needs. To uncover if reliable information is indeed scarce, this study evaluates the quantity and quality of existing patient information for tertiary prevention using an evidence-based health information paradigm. Methods We conducted a quantitative content analysis (n = 21 patient information brochures; n = 67 websites) evaluating content categories addressed, methodical quality, usability, and readability. Results Results show that there is not enough patient information material focusing on PE as a main topic. Existing patient information material is mostly incomplete, difficult to understand, and low in actionability as well as readability. Conclusion Our systematic analysis reveals the need for more high-quality patient information on PE as part of effective tertiary prevention. Innovation This is the first review analyzing content, methodical quality, readability, and usability of patient information on PE. The findings of this analysis are guiding the development of an innovative, evidence-based patient information on PE aiming to support patients’ informational needs and their self-care behavior

Canine vaccination in Germany: A survey of owner attitudes and compliance

Background: Vaccination is the most important preventive measure for protection against infectious diseases in humans and companion animals. Nevertheless, scepticism about the safety and importance of vaccines is increasing in human and in veterinary medicine. Although owner attitudes towards vaccination have been investigated in cats, there are no similar studies in dogs. The goals of this study were therefore to investigate the vaccination status of dogs in Germany, to determine owner compliance with vaccination and to identify factors that play a role in owners' decisions to have their dogs vaccinated. Methods Data were collected from August 2018 to February 2019 using an online survey targeting dog owners in Germany. A total of 3,881 questionnaires were evaluated, and factors associated with the vaccination status of dogs were determined by a linear logistic regression model using Akaike information criterion. Cohen's kappa statistic was used to evaluate agreement between questionnaire and 340 vaccination passports submitted voluntarily by owners. Results: A total of 46.8% (n = 1,818/3,881) of dogs were vaccinated with core vaccines according to current guidelines with the lowest vaccination rate for leptospirosis (50.1%;n = 1,941/3,874). Dog's age (16 weeks to 15 months) (odds ratio (OR): 3.08;95% CI: 2.05-4.68), type (working dog) (OR: 2.06;95% CI: 1.22-3.53) and travelling abroad within previous 36 months (OR: 1.82;95% CI: 1.12-2.96) had the strongest 'positive' association with the vaccination status. Recommendation from a veterinarian not to vaccinate against leptospirosis had the strongest 'negative' association (OR: 0.08;95% CI: 0.04-0.18). Conclusion The study revealed a need for improvement in vaccination compliance because of inadequate vaccination coverage, especially for leptospirosis, in dogs. Factors influencing owner compliance were numerous. Vaccination recommendations made by the veterinarian had a strong association with the vaccination status and should be used to increase canine vaccination rates

Comparison of a New Inertial Sensor Based System with an Optoelectronic Motion Capture System for Motion Analysis of Healthy Human Wrist Joints

This study aims to compare a new inertial measurement unit based system with the highly accurate but complex laboratory gold standard, an optoelectronic motion capture system. Inertial measurement units are sensors based on accelerometers, gyroscopes, and/or magnetometers. Ten healthy subjects were recorded while performing flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation movements of their right wrist using inertial sensors and skin markers. Maximum range of motion during these trials and mean absolute difference between the systems were calculated. A difference of 10° ± 5° for flexion-extension and 2° ± 1° for radial-ulnar deviation was found between the two systems with absolute range of motion values of 126° and 50° in the respective axes. A Wilcoxon rank sum test resulted in a no statistical differences between the systems with p-values of 0.24 and 0.62. The observed results are even more precise than reports from previous studies, where differences between 14° and 27° for flexion-extension and differences between 6° and 17° for radial-ulnar deviation were found. Effortless and fast applicability, good precision, and low inter-observer variability make inertial measurement unit based systems applicable to clinical settings

Comparison of a New Inertial Sensor Based System with an Optoelectronic Motion Capture System for Motion Analysis of Healthy Human Wrist Joints

This study aims to compare a new inertial measurement unit based system with the highly accurate but complex laboratory gold standard, an optoelectronic motion capture system. Inertial measurement units are sensors based on accelerometers, gyroscopes, and/or magnetometers. Ten healthy subjects were recorded while performing flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation movements of their right wrist using inertial sensors and skin markers. Maximum range of motion during these trials and mean absolute difference between the systems were calculated. A difference of 10° ± 5° for flexion-extension and 2° ± 1° for radial-ulnar deviation was found between the two systems with absolute range of motion values of 126° and 50° in the respective axes. A Wilcoxon rank sum test resulted in a no statistical differences between the systems with p-values of 0.24 and 0.62. The observed results are even more precise than reports from previous studies, where differences between 14° and 27° for flexion-extension and differences between 6° and 17° for radial-ulnar deviation were found. Effortless and fast applicability, good precision, and low inter-observer variability make inertial measurement unit based systems applicable to clinical settings