A fully discrete ε-uniform method for convection-diffusion problem on equidistant meshes

For a singularly-perturbed two-point boundary value problem, we propose an ε-uniform finite difference method on an equidistant mesh which requires no exact solution of a differential equation. We start with a full-fitted operator method reflecting the singular perturbation nature of the problem through a local boundary value problem. However, to solve the local boundary value problem, we employ an upwind method on a Shishkin mesh in local domain, instead of solving it exactly. We further study the convergence properties of the numerical method proposed and prove it nodally converges to the true solution for any ε

Brugada-Phenocopy Induced by Propafenone Overdose and Successful Treatment: A Case Report

Background: Brugada syndrome is an inherited arrhythmogenic disease that may cause sudden cardiac death due to ventricular fibrillation in young adults. Brugada syndrome caused by propafenone intoxication has been noted rarely in the literature. We report a rare case, Brugada phenocopy due to propafenone intoxication and its treatment. Case Report: A 15-year-old girl having a seizure was brought to the emergency room. She took 1.5 g propafenone (Rythmol, Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA) for suicidal intention. She had metabolic acidosis. Long QRS interval and ST elevation in leads V1 through V3 were seen on electrocardiography. After bicarbonate infusion for 4 hours, haemodynamic and neurologic findings were recovered, and all electrocardiography abnormalities disappeared. The Brugada-like electrocardiography pattern was not recognized in her surface and 24-hour Holter electrocardiography at follow-up. Ajmaline challenge test was negative 2 weeks later. Conclusion: Absence of symptoms and documented ventricular tachycardia, negative challenge test, and a negative family history demonstrated that the Brugada phenocopy was a transient finding in this case and related to propafenone intoxicatio

Premature Coronary Artery Disease due to Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a 12-Year-Old Girl

Background: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by low-density lipoprotein receptor abnormality. Patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia have an increased risk of cardiovascular complication that usually occurs in the first decade of life. Here, we report a 12-year-old girl with an unpredicted presentation for coronary artery disease and found to have homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Case Report: A 12-year-old girl was admitted to our unit with syncope. Chest X-ray showed bilateral diffuse pneumonic consolidation and mild cardiomegaly. We detected stable ST depression by electrocardiography. Echocardiography showed normal systolic functions. Troponin-1 levels were high (66 mcg/dL, upper limit: 0.04 mcg/dL). Influenza A virus DNA was detected by the respiratory viral panel. After her successful treatment for acute pneumonia and myocarditis due to Influenza A virus, her syncope attacks persisted. Marked ST elevation was observed during exercise electrocardiography. Coronary angiography showed severe occlusions in the coronary arteries. High serum levels of total cholesterol (756 mg/dL) and low-density lipoprotein-C (556 mg/dL) were noticed. She had no tendon xanthomas. Medical histories revealed that her family members were diagnosed with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. A coronary bypass surgery was performed. Statin and ezetimibe treatments were started. We also planned lipid apheresis. Conclusion: Children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia may present with symptoms of premature coronary heart disease requiring a routine lipid test and careful anamnesis

F

F-expansion method is proposed to seek exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. With the aid of symbolic computation, we choose the Schrödinger-KdV equation with a source to illustrate the validity and advantages of the proposed method. A number of Jacobi-elliptic function solutions are obtained including the Weierstrass-elliptic function solutions. When the modulus m of Jacobi-elliptic function approaches to 1 and 0, soliton-like solutions and trigonometric-function solutions are also obtained, respectively. The proposed method is a straightforward, short, promising, and powerful method for the nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics

A fully discrete ε-uniform method for convection-diffusion problem on equidistant meshes

For a singularly-perturbed two-point boundary value problem, we propose an ε-uniform finite difference method on an equidistant mesh which requires no exact solution of a differential equation. We start with a full-fitted operator method reflecting the singular perturbation nature of the problem through a local boundary value problem. However, to solve the local boundary value problem, we employ an upwind method on a Shishkin mesh in local domain, instead of solving it exactly. We further study the convergence properties of the numerical method proposed and prove it nodally converges to the true solution for any ε

The comparison of acoustic rhinometry and nasal spirometry in evaluating the functional capacity of the nasal airway in healthy subjects

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlıklı bireylerde nazal hava yolunun fonksiyonel yönden objektif olarak değerlendirilmesinde akustik rinometri (AR)ve nazal spirometri (NS)'nin uygulanabilirliğinin karşılaştırılması, birbirleriyle uyumluluklarının incelenmesidir. Yöntem ve Gereçler: Bu çalışmaya, 15 kadın, 10 erkekten oluşan yaşları ortalama 28,41 olan 25 sağlıklı birey dahil edildi. Çalışmaya başlamadan önce anterior rinoskopi ve transnazal endoskopi ile burun ve sinüs patolojisi ekarte edilen olgular AR, NS ve oral spirometri (OS) ile incelendi. Bulgular: Sağ ve sol nazal kavite akustik rinometri ve nazal spirometri parametreleri açısından karşılaştırıldığında her iki taraf test ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p0,05), bununla birlikte her iki taraf değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyon tespit edildi (p0,05). Sağ nazal kavite AR ve NS parametreleri karşılaştırıldığında pulmoner fonksiyon parametreleri açısından ön minimal kesit alanı (MKA) ve ön volümün, arka MKA'dan daha fazla sayıda anlamlı korelasyon içinde olduğu bulundu. Sol nazal kavite AR ve NS parametreleri karşılaştırıldığında ön MKA ve ön volümün, arka MKA ve arka volümden pulmoner fonksiyon parametreleri açısından daha fazla sayıda anlamlı korelasyon içinde olduğu gözlendi. NS ve OS test sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında tüm değerler arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli korelasyon tespit edildi (p0,05). Sonuç: Akustik rinometri nazal kavite ön bölümünü ve özellikle nazal valvi değerlendirmek için kullanılırken, nazal spirometri tüm nazal kaviteyi fonksiyonel yönden objektif olarak değerlendirebilmektedir. Bunun yanında pulmoner fonksiyonları da oral spirometri ile aynı duyarlılıkta test edebildiği gözlenmiştir. Bu test nazal pasaj açıklığının incelenmesinde objektif, kolay uygulanabilir ve non-invazif bir yöntem olarak değerlendirilmiştir.Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the usefullness of acoustic rinometry and nasal spirometry in objective evaluation of functional capacity of the nasal airway and to evaluate the compatibility of the methods with each other in healthy subjects. Materials and methods: Twenty-five healthy subjects of whom 15 were women and 10 were men with a mean age of 28.41 included in this study. Before beginning of the study, subjects whom their nasal and sinus patologies were eliminated with anterior rinoscopy and transnasal endoscopy were examined with acoustic rinometry, nasal spirometry and oral spirometry. Results: When the right and left nasal cavity were compared with the data of acoustic rinometry and nasal spirometry, it was not found any difference between them statistically (p>0.05), but it was found important correlation between two data statistically (p<0.05). As the parameters of acoustic rinometry and nasal spirometry for the right nasal cavity were compared in point of pulmonary function parameters, the anterior minimal section area and the anterior volume were found to have more important correlations than posterior minimal section area. When the parameters of acoustic rinometry and nasal spirometry for the left nasal cavity were compared, the anterior minimal section area and the anterior volume were found to have more important correlations than posterior volume and posterior minimal section area. When the nasal spirometry and the oral spirometry values were compared, we found statistically significant important correlations between them (p<0.05). Conclusion: While acoustic rinometry is used to evaluate the anterior section of the nasal cavity and especially the nasal valv, nasal spirometry can evaluate objectively the whole nasal cavity in point of functional capacity. Moreover, the pulmonary functions could be evaluated by nasal spirometry with the same sensibility of the oral spirometry. This test is appraised as objective, easy to use and non- invasive method in evaluating the patency of nasal passages

Effects of Septoplasty on Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients with Nasal Septal Deviation

WOS: 000284044000019PubMed: 20211108Objective: To investigate the effects of septoplasty on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in patients who had no previous pulmonary diseases. Design: Prospective, controlled clinical trial. Patients: Fourteen patients with nasal septal deviation (NSD) and 20 controls were enrolled in the study. Main Outcome Measures: All patients were evaluated with anterior rhinoscopy, nasal endoscopy, acoustic rhinometry (AR), visual analogue scale (VAS), PFTs, and bronchoprovocation test (BPT) on the day before surgery and 8 to 12 weeks after surgery. Results: The postoperative values of forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow percentages were higher than preoperative ones, and these results were statistically significant (p = .007, p = .04, and p = .007, respectively). Nine patients had preoperative BHR, and three of them had negative BPT postoperatively. When compared with the preoperative values, there was a borderline decrease in the rate of BHR in six patients. There were significant improvements in the symptoms of left and right nasal congestion, headache, postnasal drip, and olfactory function after surgery. We found important improvement in the values of AR at right minimal cross-sectional area 1 (p = .02), left distance 1 (p = .04), and left distance 2 (p = .04) postoperatively. Conclusion: An improvement in both nasal symptoms and PFT values was seen after surgical treatment for NSD. We concluded that septoplasty may be considered as having favourable effects on BHR

Heparin Infusion to Prevent Umbilical Venous Catheter Related Thrombosis in Neonates

Objective: To investigate umbilical venous catheter (UVC) related thrombosis by Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of neonates infused with heparin or placebo